a) \(A=1+2+2^2+...+2^{2016}\)

\(\Rightarrow2A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2017}\)

\(\Rightarrow2A-A=\left(2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2017}\right)-\left(1+2+2^2+...+2^{2016}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow A=2^{2017}-1\)

Vậy \(A=2^{2017}-1\)

b) \(B=1.2.3+2.3.4+...+n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow4B=1.2.3.4+2.3.4\left(5-1\right)+...+n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left[\left(n+3\right)-\left(n-1\right)\right]\)

\(\Rightarrow4B=1.2.3.4+2.3.4.5-1.2.3.4+...+n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n+3\right)-\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow4B=n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n+3\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n+3\right)}{4}\)

Vậy...

3F= 1.2.(3-0)+ 2.3.(4-1)+...+ n.(n+1).[(n+2)-(n-1)] 
=[1.2.3+ 2.3.4+...+ (n-1)n(n+1)+ n(n+1)(n+2)]- [0.1.2+ 1.2.3+...+(n-1)n(n+1)] 
=n(n+1)(n+2) 
=>F 

H=1.2.3+2.3.4+3.4.5+...+n(n+1)(n+2)

=> 4H=1.2.3(4-0)+2.3.4(5-1)+...+n(n+1)(n+2)((n+3)-(n-1))

=1.2.3.4-0.1.2.3+2.3.4.5-1.2.3.4+...+n(n+1)(n+2)(n+3)-(n-1).n(n+1)(n+2)

=n(n+1)(n+2)(n+3)

Nhân biểu thức S với số 5, ta có:

5.S = 1.2.3.4.5 + 2.3.4.5.5 + 3.4.5.6.5 + ... + 97.98.99.100.5

Biểu diễn số 5 ở mỗi số hạng vế phải bằng phép trừ thích hợp: 5 = 5 - 0 = 6 - 1 = 7 - 2 = ... = 101 - 96, ta có

5.S = 1.2.3.4.(5 - 0) + 2.3.4.5.(6 - 1) + 3.4.5.6.(7 - 2) + ...+ 97.98.99.100.(101 - 96)

     = (1.2.3.4.5 - 1.2.3.4.0) + (2.3.4.5.6 - 2.3.4.5.1) + (3.4.5.6.7 - 3.4.5.6.2) + ... + (97.98.99.100.101 - 97.98.99.100.96)

     = 1.2.3.4.5 - 0.1.2.3.4 + 2.3.4.5.6 - 1.2.3.4.5 + 3.4.5.6.7 - 2.3.4.5.6 + ... + 97.98.99.100.101 - 96.97.98.99.100

     = 97.98.99.100.101 - 0.1.2.3.4

     = 97.98.99.100.101

Suy ra  

  S = 97.98.99.100.101/5 = 97.98.99.20.101. Đến đây thì bạn dùng máy tính bấm ra S=1901009880

a) \(S=1.2+2.3+3.4+...+n\left(n+1\right)\)

\(3S=1.2.3+2.3.\left(4-1\right)+3.4.\left(5-2\right)+...+n\left(n+1\right)\left[\left(n+2\right)-\left(n-1\right)\right]\)

\(=1.2.3+2.3.4-1.2.3+...+n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)-\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)\)

\(=n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}{3}\)

b) \(S=1.2.3+2.3.4+...+n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\)

\(4S=1.2.3.4+2.3.4.\left(5-1\right)+...+n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left[\left(n+3\right)-\left(n-1\right)\right]\)

\(=1.2.3.4+2.3.4.5-1.2.3.4+...+n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n+3\right)-\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\)

\(=n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n+2\right)\)

\(S=\frac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n+3\right)}{4}\)

c) \(S=1.4+2.5+3.6+...+n\left(n+3\right)\)

\(=1.2+1.2+2.3+2.2+3.4+3.2+...+n\left(n+1\right)+2n\)

\(=\left(1.2+2.3+3.4+...+n\left(n+1\right)\right)+2\left(1+2+3+...+n\right)\)

\(=\frac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}{3}+n\left(n+1\right)\)

\(=\frac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+5\right)}{3}\)

1. 3S= 1.2.(3-0)+ 2.3.(4-1)+...+ n.(n+1).[(n+2)-(n-1)] 
=[1.2.3+ 2.3.4+...+ (n-1)n(n+1)+ n(n+1)(n+2)]- [0.1.2+ 1.2.3+...+(n-1)n(n+1)] 
=n(n+1)(n+2) 
=>S 

Biểu thức này dùng để tính tổng 1^2+..+n^2 rất tiện và thực tế cũng là ket quả của hệ quả trên. 
dùng cách thức tương tự có thể tính S=1.2.3+...+ n(n+1)(n+2) từ đó suy ra tổng 1^3+...+n^3 
Việc sử dụng trước kết quả tổng 1^2+...+n^2 theo tôi là ngược tiến trình.

2. S = 1.2.3 + 2.3.4 +..+ (n-1).n.(n+1) 

4S = 1.2.3.4 + 2.3.4.4 + 3.4.5.4 +..+ (n-1)n(n+1).4 

ghi dọc cho dễ nhìn: 
(k-1)k(k+1).4 = (k-1)k(k+1)[(k+2) - (k-2)] = (k-1)k(k+1)(k+2) - (k-2)(k-1)k(k+1) 
ad cho k chạy từ 2 đến n ta có: 
1.2.3.4 = 1.2.3.4 
2.3.4.4 = 2.3.4.5 - 1.2.3.4 
3.4.5.4 = 3.4.5.6 - 2.3.4.5 
... 
(n-2)(n-1)n.4 = (n-2)(n-1)n(n+1) - (n-3)(n-2)(n-1)n 
(n-1)n(n+1).4 = (n-1)n(n+1)(n+2) - (n-2)(n-1)n(n+1) 
+ + cộng lại vế theo vế + + (chú ý cơ chế rút gọn) 
4S = (n-1)n(n+1)(n+2) 

3. 

\(B=1\cdot2\cdot3+2\cdot3\cdot4+...+\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\cdot\left(n+1\right)\)

=>\(4B=1\cdot2\cdot3\cdot4+2\cdot3\cdot4\cdot4+...+\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\left(n+1\right)\cdot4\)

=>\(4B=1\cdot2\cdot3\cdot4+2\cdot3\cdot4\left(5-1\right)+...+\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\left(n+1\right)\left[\left(n+2\right)-\left(n-2\right)\right]\)

=>\(4B=1\cdot2\cdot3\cdot4-1\cdot2\cdot3\cdot4+...+\left(n-2\right)\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\cdot\left(n+1\right)-\left(n-2\right)\cdot\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\cdot\left(n+1\right)+\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\)

=>\(4B=\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\cdot\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\)

=>\(B=\dfrac{\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}{4}\)

\(C=1\cdot4+2\cdot5+3\cdot6+...+n\left(n+3\right)\)

\(=1\cdot\left(1+3\right)+2\left(2+3\right)+...+n\left(n+3\right)\)

\(=\left(1^2+2^2+...+n^2\right)+3\left(1+2+...+n\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}{6}+3\cdot\dfrac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2}\)

\(=\dfrac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}{6}+\dfrac{3n\left(n+1\right)}{2}\)

\(=\dfrac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2}\cdot\left(\dfrac{2n+1}{3}+3\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2}\cdot\dfrac{2n+1+9}{3}\)

\(=\dfrac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+5\right)}{3}\)

\(D=1^2+2^2+...+n^2\)

\(=1+\left(1+1\right)\cdot2+\left(1+2\right)\cdot3+...+\left(1+n-1\right)\cdot n\)

\(=1+2+3+...+n+\left(1\cdot2+2\cdot3+...+\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\right)\)

Đặt \(A=1+2+3+...+n;E=1\cdot2+2\cdot3+...+\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\)

\(E=1\cdot2+2\cdot3+...+\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\)

=>\(3E=1\cdot2\cdot3+2\cdot3\cdot3+...+\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\cdot3\)

=>\(3E=1\cdot2\cdot3+2\cdot3\cdot\left(4-1\right)+...+\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\left[\left(n+1\right)-\left(n-2\right)\right]\)

=>\(3E=1\cdot2\cdot3-1\cdot2\cdot3+2\cdot3\cdot4+...+\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\left(n-2\right)-\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\left(n-2\right)+\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\cdot\left(n+1\right)\)

=>\(3E=\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\left(n+1\right)=n^3-n\)

=>\(E=\dfrac{n^3-n}{3}\)

\(A=1+2+3+...+n\)

Số số hạng là n-1+1=n(số)

Tổng của dãy số là: \(A=\dfrac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2}\)

=>\(D=\dfrac{n^3-n}{3}+\dfrac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2}\)

\(=\dfrac{2n^3-2n+3n^2+3n}{6}\)

=>\(D=\dfrac{2n^3+3n^2+n}{6}\)

A = \(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2007}}+\frac{1}{3^{2008}}\)

3A= \(1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2006}}+\frac{1}{3^{2007}}\)

3A-A= \(1-\frac{1}{3^{2008}}\)

B = \(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{n-1}}+\frac{1}{3^n}\)

3B = \(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{n-2}}+\frac{1}{3^{n-1}}\)

3B - B = \(1-\frac{1}{3^n}\)

Ta có :

\(A=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2007}}+\frac{1}{3^{2008}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(3A=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2006}}+\frac{1}{3^{2007}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(3A-A=\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2006}}+\frac{1}{3^{2007}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2007}}+\frac{1}{3^{2008}}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(2A=1-\frac{1}{3^{2008}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(2A=\frac{3^{2008}-1}{3^{2008}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(A=\frac{3^{2008}-1}{3^{2008}}:2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(A=\frac{3^{2008}-1}{2.3^{2008}}\)

Vậy \(A=\frac{3^{2008}-1}{2.3^{2008}}\)