a) $n_{Al} = \dfrac{5,4}{27} = 0,2(mol)$
$2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$
$n_{HCl} = 3n_{Al} = 0,6(mol)$
$m_{HCl} = 0,6.36,5 = 21,9(gam)$

b) $n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al} = 0,3(mol)$
$V_{H_2} = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72(lít)$

c)

$m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 5,4 + 200 - 0,3.2 = 204,8(gam)$

$m_{HCl\ dư} = 200.20\% - 21,9 = 18,1(gam)$

$C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{18,1}{204,8}.100\% = 8,84\%$
$C\%_{AlCl_3} = \dfrac{0,2.133,5}{204,8}.100\% = 13,04\%$

a) nH2=32nAl=0,3(mol)nH2=32nAl=0,3(mol)
VH2=0,3.22,4=6,72(lít)VH2=0,3.22,4=6,72(lít)

c)

mdd sau pư=5,4+200−0,3.2=204,8(gam)

mHCl dư=200.20%−21,9=18,1(gam)mHCl dư=200.20%−21,9=18,1(gam)

C%AlCl3=0,2.133,5204,8.100%=13,04%

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3.36}{22.4}=0.15\left(mol\right)\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(0.1..........0.3.......0.1...........0.15\)

\(m_{HCl}=0.3\cdot36.5=10.95\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{10.95}{150}\cdot100\%=7.3\%\)

\(m_{Al}=0.1\cdot27=2.7\left(g\right)\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

a, PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

_____0,1____0,3____________0,15 (mol)

b, m_HCl = 0,3.36,5 = 10,95 (g)

c, \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{10,95}{150}.100\%=7,3\%\)

d, m_Al = 0,1.27 = 2,7 (g)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

a) $2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$
b) n H2 = 3,36/22,4 = 0,15(mol)

n HCl = 2n H2 = 0,3(mol)

m HCl = 0,3.36,5 = 10,95(gam)

c) C% HCl = 10,95/150   .100% = 7,3%

d) n Al = 2/3 n H2 = 0,1(mol)

m Al = 0,1.27 = 2,7(gam)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{26}{65}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\) 
           0,4       0,8        0,4           0,4
\(a,V_{H_2}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\\ b,C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,8.36,5}{150}.100\%=19,5\%\\ c,m_{\text{dd}}=26+150-\left(0,4.2\right)=175,2\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,4.136}{175,2}.100\%=31\%\)

a, \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{14,874}{24,79}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,4.27=10,8\left(g\right)\)

b, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=1,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{1,2.36,5}{250}.100\%=17,52\%\)

c, m _{dd sau pư} = 10,8 + 250 - 0,6.2 = 259,6 (g)

d, \(n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,4.133,5}{259,6}.100\%\approx20,57\%\)

a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

n_Fe = n_H2 = 0,3 (mol)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,3.56=16,8\left(g\right)\)

b) n_HCl = 2.n_H2 = 0,6 (mol)

\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,3}=2\left(l\right)\)

c) \(n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M\left(FeCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,3}{2}=0,15M\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\\ n_{Fe}=n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,3mol\\ m_{Fe}=0,3.56=16,8g\\ b,n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,3.2=0,6mol\\ V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,3}=2l\\ c,C_{M_{FeCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,3}{2}=0,15M\)

                                            Số mol của nhôm

                                       n_Al = \(\dfrac{m_{Al}}{M_{Al}}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

  a) Pt :                             2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂\(|\)

                                          2         6             2          2

                                         0,2      0,6                     0,2

b)                                          Số mol của khí hidro

                                              n_H2= \(\dfrac{0,2.2}{2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

                                         Thể tích của khí hidro ở dktc

                                                    V_H2 = n_H2 . 22,4

                                                            = 0,2 . 22,4

                                                            = 4,48 (l)

c)                                   Số mol của dung dịch axit clohidric

                                               n_HCl = \(\dfrac{0,2.6}{2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

                                                      250ml = 0,25l

                                    Nồng độ mol của dung dịch axit clohidric

                                             C_MHCl  = \(\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,25}=2,4\left(M\right)\)

 Chúc bạn học tốt

a, 2Al +6HCl-> 2AlCl3 +3H2

b, nAl=5,4/27= 0,2mol

2Al+ 6HCl->2AlCl3+3H2

0,2.     0,6.     0,2.     0,3

V(H2)= 0,3.22,4=6,72lit

c, C(HCl) =n/V= 0,6/0,25=2,4M

nAl=0,2(mol)

mHCl=500.10%=50(g) => nHCl=50/36,5=100/73(mol)

PTHH: 2 Al + 6 HCl -> 2 AlCl3 +  3 H2

Vì: 0,2/2 < 100/73:6

=> Al hết, HCl dư, tính theo nAl

a) nH2=3/2. 0,2=0,3(mol) => V(H2,đktc)=0,3.22,4=6,72(l)

b) mHCl(tham gia p.ứ)= 6/2. 0,2 . 36,5= 21,9(g)

c) mddsau= 5,4+500-0,3.2=504,8(g)

mAlCl3=0,2. 133,5= 26,7(g)

mHCl(DƯ)=  50 -21,9=28,1(g)

C%ddAlCl3= (26,7/504,8).100=5,289%

C%ddHCl(dư)= (28,1/504,8).100=5,567%

a. Ta có n Al = 5,4:27= 0,2(mol)

Pthh 2Al + 6HCl---> 2AlCl3+3H2

Có nH2= 0,3 => VH2= 0,3*22,4=6,72 

Có n HCl= 0,6 => m HCl= 0,6*36,5 = 21,9 g

PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=\dfrac{500\cdot10\%}{36,5}=\dfrac{100}{73}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{\dfrac{100}{73}}{6}\) \(\Rightarrow\) HCl còn dư, Nhôm p/ứ hết

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{AlCl_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{11}{15}\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl\left(p/ứ\right)}=0,6\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{AlCl_3}=0,2\cdot133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\m_{HCl\left(p/ứ\right)}=0,6\cdot36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,3\cdot2=0,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{Al}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=504,8\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{26,7}{504,8}\cdot100\%\approx5,3\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{\dfrac{11}{15}\cdot36,5}{504,8}\cdot100\%\approx5,3\%\end{matrix}\right.\) 

\(a,n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{20,4}{102}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\\ .......0,2......1,2......0,4.....0,6\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2O\left(đktc\right)}=0,6\cdot22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\\ b,m_{HCl}=36,5\cdot1,2=43,8\left(g\right)\\ c,m_{dd_{HCl}}=1,2\cdot36,5=43,8\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{43,8}{200}\cdot100\%=21,9\%\)

\(d,m_{AlCl_3}=0,4\cdot133,5=53,4\left(g\right)\\ m_{dd\left(sau.pứ\right)}=m_{Al_2O_3}+m_{dd_{HCl}}-m_{H_2}=20,4+200-10,8=209,6\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{dd_{AlCl_3}}=\dfrac{53,4}{209,6}\cdot100\%\approx25,48\%\)

d)\(m_{NaOH}=\dfrac{mct.C\%}{100}=\dfrac{100.20}{100}=20\left(g\right)\)=>\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{20}{40}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)

tl1............1.............1..............1(mol)

So sánh\(\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{1}< \dfrac{n_{HCl}}{1}\left(\dfrac{0,5}{1}< \dfrac{1,2}{1}\right)\)

=> HCl Dư

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