a)

$n_{Al} = 0,3(mol)$

$2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$

Theo PTHH : 

$n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al} = 0,45(mol)$
$m_{dd\ H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,45.98}{12,25\%} = 360(gam)$

b)

$n_{H_2} = n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,45(mol)$
$V_{H_2} = 0,45.22,4 = 10,08(lít)$

c)

$n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = 0,15(mol)$
$m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 8,1 + 360 - 0,45.2 = 367,2(gam)$
$C\%_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = \dfrac{0,15.342}{367,2}.100\% = 14\%$

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{1,35}{27}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow2Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,05=0,075\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,05}{2}=0,025\left(mol\right)\\ a,m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342.0,025=8,55\left(g\right)\\ b,V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,075.22,4=1,68\left(l\right)\\ c,m_{H_2SO_4}=0,075.98=7,35\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{1,35}{27}=0,05mol\)

\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

0,05      0,075        0,025           0,075

\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,025\cdot342=8,55g\)

\(V_{H_2}=0,075\cdot22,4=1,68l\)

\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,075\cdot98=7,35g\)

\(a,n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2Al+3H_2SO_{4\left(loãng\right)}\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\\ Theo.pt:n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,4=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ b,PTHH:RO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}R+H_2O\\ Mol:0,6\leftarrow0,6\rightarrow0,6\\ M_R=\dfrac{38,4}{0,6}=64\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \Rightarrow R.là.Cu\)

2Al+3H2SO4->Al2(SO4)3+3H2

0,4---------------------------------0,6

n Al=0,4 mol

=>VH2=0,6.22,4=13,44l

b)

H2+XO-to>X+H2O

0,6------------0,6

=>0,6=\(\dfrac{38,4}{X}\)

=>X=64 đvC

=>X là Cu(đồng)

=>X=48

a, PT: \(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\)

\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)

\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)

\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)

b, Ta có: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo ĐLBT KL, có: m _oxit = m_KL + m_O2 = 15,6 + 0,2.32 = 22 (g)

c, Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) (trong 15,6 g)

⇒ 24x + 27y = 15,6 (1)

Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Mg}+\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{3}{4}y=0,2\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1,4\\y=-\dfrac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đến đây thì ra số mol âm, bạn xem lại đề nhé.

Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{14,4}{24}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

a, PT: \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)

_____0,6____________________0,6 (mol)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)

b, Ta có: \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{32}{160}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}=\dfrac{0,6}{3}\), ta được pư hết.

Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,4.56=22,4\left(g\right)\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

1)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 3H₂SO₄ --> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

____0,1----->0,15

=> m_H2SO4 = 0,15.98 = 14,7(g)

=> \(C\%=\dfrac{14,7}{250}.100\%=5,88\%\)

2)

\(n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{21,2}{106}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Na₂CO₃ + 2HCl --> 2NaCl + CO₂ + H₂O

_______0,2------------------------------>0,2

=> V_CO2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48(l)

3)

\(n_A=\dfrac{18,4}{M_A}\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2A + Cl₂ --t^o--> 2ACl

____\(\dfrac{18,4}{M_A}\)---------->\(\dfrac{18,4}{M_A}\)

=> \(\dfrac{18,4}{M_A}\left(M_A+35,5\right)=46,8=>M_A=23\left(Na\right)\)

4)

n_HCl = 0,2.3 = 0,6(mol)

PTHH: M + 2HCl --> MCl₂ + H₂

____0,3<-----0,6

=> \(M_M=\dfrac{7,2}{0,3}=24\left(Mg\right)\)

Vkk = 33,6

Đáp án B

BTNT "H" ta có: nHCl = 2nH2 mol.

Đặt nH2 = x mol => nHCl = 2x mol

BTKL: m KL + mHCl = m muối + mH2

=> 5 + 2x.36,5 = 5,71 + 2x => x = 0,01

=> V_H2 = 0,01.22,4 = 0,224 lit