a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{2}=\dfrac{b}{3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{8}=\dfrac{b}{12}\)(1)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{b}{4}=\dfrac{c}{5}\)

nên \(\dfrac{b}{12}=\dfrac{c}{15}\)(2)

Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(\dfrac{a}{8}=\dfrac{b}{12}=\dfrac{c}{15}\)

mà a+b+c=2 

nên Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:

\(\dfrac{a}{8}=\dfrac{b}{12}=\dfrac{c}{15}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{8+12+15}=\dfrac{2}{35}\)

Do đó: 

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{8}=\dfrac{2}{35}\\\dfrac{b}{12}=\dfrac{2}{35}\\\dfrac{c}{15}=\dfrac{2}{35}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{16}{35}\\b=\dfrac{24}{35}\\c=\dfrac{30}{35}=\dfrac{6}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: \(a=\dfrac{16}{35}\); \(b=\dfrac{24}{35}\); \(c=\dfrac{6}{7}\)

b) Ta có: 2a=3b=5c

nên \(\dfrac{a}{\dfrac{1}{2}}=\dfrac{b}{\dfrac{1}{3}}=\dfrac{c}{\dfrac{1}{5}}\)

mà a+b-c=3

nên Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được: 

\(\dfrac{a}{\dfrac{1}{2}}=\dfrac{b}{\dfrac{1}{3}}=\dfrac{c}{\dfrac{1}{5}}=\dfrac{a+b-c}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}}=\dfrac{3}{\dfrac{19}{30}}=\dfrac{90}{19}\)

Do đó: 

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a=\dfrac{90}{19}\\3b=\dfrac{90}{19}\\5c=\dfrac{90}{19}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{45}{19}\\b=\dfrac{30}{19}\\c=\dfrac{18}{19}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: \(a=\dfrac{45}{19}\); \(b=\dfrac{30}{19}\); \(c=\dfrac{18}{19}\)

Bài 1: 

c) ĐKXĐ: \(x\notin\left\{\dfrac{1}{4};-\dfrac{1}{4}\right\}\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{3}{1-4x}=\dfrac{2}{4x+1}-\dfrac{8+6x}{16x^2-1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-3\left(4x+1\right)}{\left(4x-1\right)\left(4x+1\right)}=\dfrac{2\left(4x-1\right)}{\left(4x+1\right)\left(4x-1\right)}-\dfrac{6x+8}{\left(4x-1\right)\left(4x+1\right)}\)

Suy ra: \(-12x-3=8x-2-6x-8\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-12x-3-2x+10=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-14x+7=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-14x=-7\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)(nhận)

Vậy: \(S=\left\{\dfrac{1}{2}\right\}\)

a: =>x^2-25-x^2-3x=10

=>-3x=35

=>x=-35/3

b: =>4x^2-9-4(x^2+4x+4)=5

=>4x^2-9-4x^2-16x-16-5=0

=>-16x-30=0

=>x=-15/8

c: =>9x^2+45x-9x^2+4=7

=>45x=3

=>x=1/15

d: =>x^3+3x^2+3x+1-x^3-3x^2+5x=8

=>8x=7

=>x=7/8

`a) x(x + 5)(x – 5) – (x + 2)(x^2 – 2x + 4) = 3`
`<=>x(x^2-25)-(x^3-8)=3`
`<=>x^3-25x-x^3+8=3`
`<=>-25x=-5`
`<=>x=1/5`
`b) (x – 3)^3 – (x – 3)(x^2 + 3x + 9) + 9(x + 1)^2 = 15`
`<=>x^3-9x^2+27x-27-(x^3-27)+9(x^2+2x+1)=15`
`<=>-9x^2+27x+9x^2+18x+9=15`
`<=>45x+9=15`
`<=>45x=6`
`<=>x=6/45=2/15`

`c) (x+5)(x^2 –5x +25) – (x – 7) = x^3`
`<=>x^3-125-x+7=x^3`
`<=>x^3-x-118=x^3`
`<=>-x-118=0`
`<=>-x=118<=>x=-118`
`d) (x+2)(x^2 – 2x + 4) – x(x^2 + 2) = 4 `
`<=>x^3+8-x^3-2x=4`
`<=>8-2x=4`
`<=>2x=4<=>x=2`

\(2x^3+x^2-4x-12\)

\(=2x^3+5x^2+6x-4x^2-10x-12\)

\(=\left(2x^3+5x^2+6x\right)-\left(4x^2+10x+12\right)\)

\(=x\left(2x^2+5x+6\right)-2\left(2x^2+5x+6\right)\)

\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(2x^2+5x+6\right)\)

\(a,2x^3+x^2-4x-12=\left(2x^3-4x^2\right)+\left(5x^2-10x\right)+\left(6x-12\right)=2x^2\left(x-2\right)+5x\left(x-2\right)+6\left(x-2\right)=\left(x-2\right)\left(2x^2+5x+6\right)\)

\(b,x^5-xy^4+x^4y-y^5=x\left(x^4-y^4\right)+y\left(x^4-y^4\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^4-y^4\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)=\left(x+y\right)^2\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)

\(c,\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+5\right)\left(x+7\right)-9=\left[\left(x+1\right)\left(x+7\right)\right]\left[\left(x+3\right)\left(x+5\right)\right]-9=\left(x^2+8x+7\right)\left(x^2+8x+15\right)-9\)

đặt \(x^2+8x+11=y\)

\(\left(x^2+8x+7\right)\left(x^2+8x+15\right)-9=\left(y-4\right)\left(y+4\right)-9=y^2-16-9=y^2-25=\left(y-5\right)\left(y+5\right)=\left(x^2+8x+11-5\right)\left(x^2+8x+11+5\right)=\left(x^2+8x+6\right)\left(x^2+8x+16\right)=\left(x^2+8x+6\right)\left(x+4\right)^2\)

a: \(\Leftrightarrow\left|x\cdot\dfrac{7}{3}-\dfrac{3}{4}\right|=1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{2}{3}=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\cdot\dfrac{7}{3}-\dfrac{3}{4}=2\\x\cdot\dfrac{7}{3}-\dfrac{3}{4}=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{33}{28}\\x=-\dfrac{15}{28}\end{matrix}\right.\)

b: \(\Leftrightarrow\left|x\cdot\dfrac{2}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3}\right|=\dfrac{6}{5}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\cdot\dfrac{2}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3}=-\dfrac{6}{5}\\x\cdot\dfrac{2}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{6}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-13}{10}\\x=\dfrac{23}{10}\end{matrix}\right.\)

b: \(\dfrac{5}{7}-\dfrac{2}{3}\cdot x=\dfrac{4}{5}\)

=>\(\dfrac{2}{3}x=\dfrac{5}{7}-\dfrac{4}{5}=\dfrac{25-28}{35}=\dfrac{-3}{35}\)

=>\(x=-\dfrac{3}{35}:\dfrac{2}{3}=\dfrac{-3}{35}\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}=-\dfrac{9}{70}\)
c: \(\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{3}{5}x=-\dfrac{2}{3}\)

=>\(x\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{3}{5}\right)=-\dfrac{2}{3}\)

=>\(x\cdot\dfrac{5+6}{10}=\dfrac{-2}{3}\)

=>\(x\cdot\dfrac{11}{10}=-\dfrac{2}{3}\)

=>\(x=-\dfrac{2}{3}:\dfrac{11}{10}=-\dfrac{2}{3}\cdot\dfrac{10}{11}=\dfrac{-20}{33}\)

d: \(\dfrac{4}{7}\cdot x-x=-\dfrac{9}{14}\)

=>\(\dfrac{-3}{7}\cdot x=\dfrac{-9}{14}\)

=>\(\dfrac{3}{7}\cdot x=\dfrac{9}{14}\)

=>\(x=\dfrac{9}{14}:\dfrac{3}{7}=\dfrac{9}{14}\cdot\dfrac{7}{3}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)