\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}mx+y=m\\mx+m^2y=m\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}mx+y=m\\\left(m^2-1\right)y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

Hệ đã cho có nghiệm duy nhất \(\Leftrightarrow m^2-1\ne0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow m\ne\pm1\)

Để hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất thì \(\dfrac{1}{m}\ne\dfrac{m}{1}\)

=>\(m^2\ne1\)

=>\(m\notin\left\{1;-1\right\}\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+my=m+1\\mx+y=3m-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}mx+m^2y=m^2+m\\mx+y=3m-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y\left(m^2-1\right)=m^2+m-3m+1\\x+my=m+1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{m^2-2m+1}{\left(m-1\right)\left(m+1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(m-1\right)^2}{\left(m-1\right)\cdot\left(m+1\right)}=\dfrac{m-1}{m+1}\\x=m+1-my\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{m-1}{m+1}\\x=m+1-\dfrac{m^2-m}{m+1}=\dfrac{m^2+2m+1-m^2+m}{m+1}=\dfrac{3m+1}{m+1}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Để x,y đều là số nguyên thì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m-1⋮m+1\\3m+1⋮m+1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m+1-2⋮m+1\\3m+3-2⋮m+1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-2⋮m+1\\-2⋮m+1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(m+1\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2\right\}\)

=>\(m\in\left\{0;-2;1;-3\right\}\)

mà \(m\notin\left\{1;-1\right\}\)

nên \(m\in\left\{0;-2;-3\right\}\)

a: Thay m=-2 vào hệ phương trình, ta được:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2y=-2+1=-1\\-2x+y=3\cdot\left(-2\right)-1=-7\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-4y=-2\\-2x+y=-7\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-3y=-9\\x-2y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=3\\x=2y-1=2\cdot3-1=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

b: Để hệ có nghiệm duy nhất thì \(\dfrac{1}{m}\ne\dfrac{m}{1}\)

=>\(m^2\ne1\)

=>\(m\notin\left\{1;-1\right\}\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+my=m+1\\mx+y=3m-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=m+1-my\\m\left(m+1-my\right)+y=3m-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=m+1-my\\m^2+m-m^2y+y=3m-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=m+1-my\\y\left(-m^2+1\right)=3m-1-m^2-m=-m^2+2m-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=m+1-my\\y\left(m-1\right)\left(m+1\right)=\left(m-1\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{m-1}{m+1}\\x=m+1-m\cdot\dfrac{m-1}{m+1}=\left(m+1\right)-\dfrac{m^2-m}{m+1}\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{m-1}{m+1}\\x=\dfrac{m^2+2m+1-m^2+m}{m+1}=\dfrac{3m+1}{m+1}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(x^2-y^2=4\)

=>\(\dfrac{\left(3m+1\right)^2-\left(m-1\right)^2}{\left(m+1\right)^2}=4\)

=>\(\dfrac{9m^2+6m+1-m^2+2m+1}{\left(m+1\right)^2}=4\)

=>\(8m^2+8m+2=4\left(m+1\right)^2\)

=>\(8m^2+8m+2-4m^2-8m-4=0\)

=>\(4m^2-2=0\)

=>\(m^2=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

=>\(m=\pm\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)

Hệ pt : \(\begin{cases}x+my=m+1\\mx+y=3m-1\end{cases}\)

Xét pt đầu : \(x+my=m+1\Leftrightarrow x=m+1-my\) thay vào pt còn lại :

\(m\left(m+1-my\right)+y=3m-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y\left(1-m^2\right)=-m^2+2m-1\)

Nếu \(m=1\) thì pt có dạng 0.y = 0 => Vô số nghiệm.

Nếu m = -1 thì pt có dạng 0.x = -4 => vô nghiệm.

Xét với \(m\ne1\) và \(m\ne-1\) thì pt có nghiệm \(y=\frac{-\left(m-1\right)^2}{\left(1-m\right)\left(1+m\right)}=\frac{m-1}{m+1}\)

\(\Rightarrow x=m+1-m\left(\frac{m-1}{m+1}\right)=m+1-\frac{m^2-m}{m+1}=\frac{m^2+2m+1-m^2+m}{m+1}=\frac{3m+1}{m+1}\)

Xét \(xy=\frac{\left(m-1\right)\left(3m+1\right)}{\left(m+1\right)^2}=\frac{3m^2-2m-1}{\left(m+1\right)^2}\)

Đặt \(t=m+1\) thì \(m=t-1\) thay vào biểu thức trên được

\(\frac{3\left(t-1\right)^2-2\left(t-1\right)-1}{t^2}=\frac{3t^2-8t+4}{t^2}=\frac{4}{t^2}-\frac{8}{t}+3\)

Lại đặt \(a=\frac{1}{t}\) thì : \(4a^2-8a+3=4\left(a-1\right)^2-1\ge-1\)

Suy ra \(xy\ge-1\) . Dấu đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=1\Leftrightarrow t=1\Leftrightarrow m=0\)

Vậy với m = 0 thì xy đạt giá trị nhỏ nhất bằng -1

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}mx-y=2\\x+my=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+m\left(mx-2\right)=1\\y=mx-2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow x\left(m^2+1\right)=2m+1\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{2m+1}{m^2+1}\\ \Leftrightarrow y=\dfrac{m\left(2m+1\right)}{m^2+1}-2=\dfrac{2m^2+m-2m^2-2}{m^2+1}=\dfrac{m-2}{m^2+1}\)

Ta có \(x+y=1\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2m+1+m-2}{m^2+1}=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3m-1=m^2+1\\ \Leftrightarrow m^2-3m+2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}m=1\\m=2\end{matrix}\right.\)