\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3(mol)\\ 2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{Al}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4(g)\\ b,m_{hh}=5,4+12,8=18,2(g)\\ c,n_{HCl}=0,6(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,3}=2M\)

a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

_____0,2<----0,6<---------------0,3

=> m_Al = 0,2.27 = 5,4(g)

b) m_hh = 5,4 + 12,8 = 18,2(g)

c) \(C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,3}=2M\)

a, \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

\(m_{HCl}=730.10\%=73\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{73}{36,5}=2\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{17,92}{22,4}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

→ n_HCl > 2n_H2 ⇒ HCl dư.

Ta có: 27n_Al + 65n_Zn = 23,8 (1)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Zn}=0,8\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,4.27}{23,8}.100\%\approx45,4\%\\\%m_{Zn}\approx54,6\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=2n_{H_2}=1,6\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=2-1,6=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = 23,8 + 730 - 0,8.2 = 752,2 (g)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,4.133,5}{752,2}.100\%\approx7,1\%\\C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.136}{752,2}.100\%\approx3,62\%\\C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{752,2}.100\%\approx1,94\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{hh}=56a+24b=10.16\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5.6}{22.4}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

\(n_{H_2}=a+b=0.25\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.13,b=0.12\)

\(m_{Fe}=0.13\cdot56=7.28\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Mg}=0.12\cdot24=2.88\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=2\cdot n_{H_2}=2\cdot0.25=0.5\left(mol\right)\)

\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.5}{0.5}=1\left(M\right)\)

nH2 = 13,44/22,4 = 0,6 (mol)

PTHH: Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + H2

nHCl = 0,6 . 2 = 1,2 (mol)

mHCl = 1,2 . 36,5 = 43,8 (g)

nMg = 0,6 (mol)

mMg = 0,6 . 24 = 14,4 (g)

Không thấy mhh để tính%

nH2 = 13,44/22,4 = 0,6 (mol)

PTHH: Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + H2

Cu không tác dụng với HCl bạn nhé

nMg = 0,6 (mol)

mMg = 0,6 . 24 = 14,4 (g)

%mMg = 14,4/20 = 72%

%mCu = 100% - 72% = 28%

nHCl = 0,6 . 2 = 1,2 (mol)

mHCl = 1,2 . 36,5 = 43,8 (g)

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{200.14,6\%}{36,5}=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ Đặt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ Tacó:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65x+24y=12,5\\x+y=0,35\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn}=6,5\left(g\right);m_{Mg}=6\left(g\right)\\ b.Tacó:BTNT\left(H\right):n_{HCl}.1>n_{H_2}.2\\ \Rightarrow HCldưsauphảnứng\\ Dungdịchsauphảnứnggồm:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ZnCl_2:0,1\left(mol\right)\\MgCl_2:0,25\left(mol\right)\\HCl_{dư}:0,8-0,7=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ m_{ddsaupu}=200+12,5-0,35.2=212,8\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.136}{212,8}.100=6,39\%;C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,25.95}{212,8}.100=11,16\%;C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,1.36,5}{212,8}.100=1,72\%\)

\(a)n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,55}{22,4}=\dfrac{151}{448}mol\\ n_{Mg}=n_{Zn}=a;n_{Fe}=c\\ Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\\ a.....a\\ Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\\ a.....a\\ Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\\ b.....b\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+65a+56b=16\\2a+b=\dfrac{151}{448}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow a=0,125;b=\dfrac{39}{448}\\ \%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{24.0,125}{16}\cdot100=18,75\%\\ \%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{65.0,125}{16}\cdot100=50,78\%\\ \%m_{Fe}=100-18,75-50,78=30,47\%\\ b)V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,125.2+\dfrac{39}{448}}{1}\approx0,337l\)