a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{5}{8}x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}:\dfrac{5}{8}=\dfrac{3}{2}\cdot\dfrac{8}{5}\)

hay \(x=\dfrac{12}{5}\)

Vậy: \(x=\dfrac{12}{5}\)

b) Ta có: \(y:\dfrac{1}{6}=\dfrac{3}{5}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y=\dfrac{3}{5}\cdot\dfrac{1}{6}=\dfrac{3}{30}\)

hay \(y=\dfrac{1}{10}\)

Vậy: \(y=\dfrac{1}{10}\)

a,\(\dfrac{5}{8}\cdot y=\dfrac{3}{2}\\ y=\dfrac{3}{2}:\dfrac{5}{8}\\ y=\dfrac{12}{5}\)

\(b,y:\dfrac{1}{6}=\dfrac{3}{5}\\ y=\dfrac{3}{5}\cdot\dfrac{1}{6}\\ y=\dfrac{1}{10}\)

Giải:

a) \(\dfrac{-5}{8}=\dfrac{x}{16}\) 

\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{16.-5}{8}=-10\) 

\(\dfrac{3x}{9}=\dfrac{2}{6}\) 

\(\Rightarrow3x=\dfrac{2.9}{6}=3\) 

\(\Rightarrow x=1\)

b) \(\dfrac{x+3}{15}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)  

\(\Rightarrow x+3=\dfrac{1.15}{3}=5\) 

\(\Rightarrow x=2\)

\(\dfrac{6}{2x+1}=\dfrac{2}{7}\) 

\(\Rightarrow2x+1=\dfrac{6.7}{2}=21\) 

\(\Rightarrow x=10\)

c) \(\dfrac{4}{x-6}=\dfrac{y}{24}=\dfrac{-12}{18}\) 

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{4}{x-6}=\dfrac{-12}{18}\) 

\(\Rightarrow x-6=\dfrac{18.4}{-12}=-6\) 

\(\Rightarrow x=0\) 

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{24}=\dfrac{-12}{18}\) 

\(\Rightarrow y=\dfrac{-12.24}{18}=-16\) 

 \(\dfrac{3-x}{-12}=\dfrac{16}{y+1}=\dfrac{192}{-72}\) 

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3-x}{-12}=\dfrac{192}{-72}\) 

\(\Rightarrow3-x=\dfrac{192.-12}{-72}=32\) 

\(\Rightarrow x=-29\) 

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{16}{y+1}=\dfrac{192}{-72}\) 

\(\Rightarrow y+1=\dfrac{16.-72}{192}=-6\) 

d) \(\dfrac{-2}{3}< \dfrac{x}{5}< \dfrac{-1}{6}\) 

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{-20}{30}< \dfrac{6x}{30}< \dfrac{-5}{30}\) 

\(\Rightarrow6x\in\left\{-18;-12;-6\right\}\) 

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-3;-2;-1\right\}\) 

\(\dfrac{-1}{5}\le\dfrac{x}{8}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\) 

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{-8}{40}\le\dfrac{5x}{40}\le\dfrac{10}{40}\) 

\(\Rightarrow5x\in\left\{-5;0;5;10\right\}\) 

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-1;0;1;2\right\}\) 

e) \(\dfrac{x+46}{20}=x\dfrac{2}{5}\) 

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+46}{20}=x+\dfrac{2}{5}\) 

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+46}{20}=\dfrac{5x+2}{5}\) 

\(\Rightarrow5.\left(x+46\right)=20.\left(5x+2\right)\) 

\(\Rightarrow5x+230=100x+40\) 

\(\Rightarrow5x-100x=40-230\) 

\(\Rightarrow-95x=-190\) 

\(\Rightarrow x=-190:-95\) 

\(\Rightarrow x=2\) 

\(y\dfrac{5}{y}=\dfrac{86}{y}\) 

\(\Rightarrow y+\dfrac{5}{y}=\dfrac{86}{y}\) 

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{y^2+5}{y}=\dfrac{86}{y}\) 

\(\Rightarrow y^2+5=86\) 

\(\Rightarrow y^2=86-5\) 

\(\Rightarrow y^2=81\) 

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=9\\y=-9\end{matrix}\right.\) 

Chúc bạn học tốt!

2:

a: 5/x-y/3=1/6

=>\(\dfrac{15-xy}{3x}=\dfrac{1}{6}\)

=>\(\dfrac{30-2xy}{6x}=\dfrac{x}{6x}\)

=>30-2xy=x

=>x(2y+1)=30

=>(x;2y+1) thuộc {(30;1); (-30;-1); (10;3); (-10;-3); (6;5); (-6;-5)}

=>(x,y) thuộc {(30;0); (-30;-1); (10;1); (-10;-2); (6;2); (-6;-3)}

b: x/6-2/y=1/30

=>\(\dfrac{xy-12}{6y}=\dfrac{1}{30}\)

=>\(\dfrac{5xy-60}{30y}=\dfrac{y}{30y}\)

=>5xy-60=y

=>y(5x-1)=60

=>(5x-1;y) thuộc {(-1;-60); (4;15); (-6;-10)}(Vì x,y là số nguyên)

=>(x,y) thuộc {(0;-60); (1;15); (-1;-10)}

\(\left(x+2\right)^2-6\left(y-1\right)^2+xy=24\Leftrightarrow x^2+4x-6y^2+12y+xy=26\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2xy+4x\right)+\left(3xy-6y^2+12y\right)=26\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-2y+4\right)+3y\left(x-2x+4\right)=26\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2y+4\right)\left(x+3y\right)=26\)

Vì x,y nguyên dương nên có các TH sau:

\(\hept{\begin{cases}x+3y=1\\x-2y+4=26\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+3y=1\\x-2y=22\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{68}{5}\\y=\frac{-21}{5}\end{cases}\left(loai\right)}}\)

\(\hept{\begin{cases}x+3y=26\\x-2y+4=1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+3y=26\\x-2y=-3\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{43}{5}\\y=\frac{29}{5}\end{cases}\left(loai\right)}}\)

\(\hept{\begin{cases}x+3y=2\\x-2y+4=13\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+3y=2\\x-2y=9\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{31}{5}\\y=\frac{-7}{5}\end{cases}\left(loai\right)}}\)

\(\hept{\begin{cases}x+3y=13\\x-2y+4=2\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+3y=13\\x-2y=-2\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=4\\y=3\end{cases}\left(chon\right)}}}\)

Vậy (x;y)=(4,3)

1) Ta có: 6n-1=2(3n+2)-5

Để 6n-1 chia hết cho 3n+2 thì 2(3n+2)-5 phải chia hết cho 3n+2

=> -5 phải chia hết cho 3n+2 vì 2(3n+2) chia hết cho 3n+2
Vì \(n\inℤ\Rightarrow3n+2\inℤ\Rightarrow3n+2\inƯ\left(-5\right)=\left\{-5;-1;1;5\right\}\)

Ta có bảng giá trị

Đối chiếu điều kiện \(x\inℤ\)
Vậy n=\(\pm1\)

\(\frac{5}{x}-\frac{y}{3}=\frac{1}{6}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{6}+\frac{y}{3}=\frac{5}{x}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{6}+\frac{2y}{6}=\frac{5}{x}\)

\(\Rightarrow x\left(1+2y\right)=30\)

\(\Rightarrow x;1+2y\inƯ\left(30\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm3;\pm5;\pm6;\pm10\pm30\right\}\)

Vì 2y là số chẵn => 1+2y là số lẻ

=> 1+2y là ước lẻ của 30

Ta có bảng:

=> x;y \(\in\varnothing\)

Bài 2:

a: -2*(-27)=54

6*9=54

=>Hai phân số này bằng nhau

b: -1/-5=1/5=5/25<>4/25

Bài 3:

a: =>16/x=-4/5

=>x=-20

b: =>(x+7)/15=-2/3

=>x+7=-10

=>x=-17

a) \(\dfrac{-2}{9}\) và \(\dfrac{6}{-27}\)

\(\dfrac{6}{-27}=\dfrac{6:\left(-3\right)}{\left(-27\right):\left(-3\right)}=\dfrac{-2}{9}\)

Vậy \(\dfrac{-2}{9}=\dfrac{6}{-27}\)

b) \(\dfrac{-1}{-5}\) và \(\dfrac{4}{25}\)

\(\dfrac{-1}{-5}=\dfrac{\left(-1\right).\left(-5\right)}{\left(-5\right).\left(-5\right)}=\dfrac{5}{25}\)

Do \(5\ne4\Rightarrow\dfrac{5}{25}\ne\dfrac{4}{25}\)

Vậy \(\dfrac{-1}{-5}\ne\dfrac{4}{25}\)

Bài 3

a) \(\dfrac{-28}{35}=\dfrac{16}{x}\)

\(x=\dfrac{35.16}{-28}\)

\(x=-20\)

b) \(\dfrac{x+7}{15}=\dfrac{-24}{36}\)

\(\left(x+7\right).36=15.\left(-24\right)\)

\(36x+252=-360\)

\(36x=-360-252\)

\(36x=-612\)

\(x=\dfrac{-612}{36}\)

\(x=-17\)

a) x = 0

b) x = -1

c) x  = -2