PTHH : CaCO₃ → CaO + CO₂

Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khối lượng : mCaCO₃  = mCaO + mCO₂

=> 100 = 56 + mCO₂ 

=> mCO₂ = 100 - 56 = 44 gam

1) \(m_{CO_2}=m_{rắn\left(trcpư\right)}-m_{rắn\left(saupư\right)}=100-64,8=35,2\left(g\right)\)

=> \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{35,2}{44}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(V_{CO_2}=0,8.22,4=17,92\left(l\right)\)

2) 

PTHH: CaCO₃ --t^o--> CaO + CO₂

               0,8<---------0,8<---0,8

=> \(m_{CaCO_3\left(pư\right)}=0,8.100=80\left(g\right)\)

3) 

\(m_{CaCO_3\left(bd\right)}=\dfrac{100.90}{100}=90\left(g\right)\)

=> Rắn sau pư chứa CaCO₃, CaO, tạp chất

\(m_{tạp.chất}=100-90=10\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{CaCO_3\left(saupư\right)}=90-80=10\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{CaO}=0,8.56=44,8\left(g\right)\)

\(1,n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{90\%.100}{100}=0,9\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:CaCO_3\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CaO+CO_2\\ Đặt:n_{CaCO_3\left(p.ứ\right)}=a\left(mol\right)\left(a>0\right)\\ Ta.có:m_{rắn}=64,8\left(g\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow10+\left(90-100a\right)+56a=64,8\\ \Leftrightarrow a=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ n_{CO_2}=n_{CaO}=n_{CaCO_3\left(p.ứ\right)}=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ V_{CO_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,8.22,4=17,92\left(l\right)\\ 2,m_{CaCO_3\left(p.ứ\right)}=0,8.100=80\left(g\right)\\ 3,Rắn.sau.nung:m_{tạp.chất}=10\%.100=10\left(g\right)\\ m_{CaO}=0,8.56=44,8\left(g\right)\\ m_{CaCO_3\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,9-0,8\right).100=10\left(g\right)\)

1) Trong 100 g đá vôi có 90 g CaCO3 (0,9 mol).

Gọi x là số mol CO2, theo pt ta có: 64,8 = 56x + 90 - 100x hay x = 0,572 mol.

V = 0,572.22,4 = 12,829 lít.

2) m = 100x = 57,2 g.

3) mCaCO3 = 90 - 100x = 32,8 g; mCaO = 64,8 - 32,8 = 32g.

Theo ĐLBT KL, có: m_CaCO3 = m_CaO + m_CO2

⇒ m_CO2 = 10 - 5,6 = 4,4 (tấn)

\(a.\)

\(m_{CaCO_3}=150\cdot80\%=120\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{120}{100}=1.2\left(mol\right)\)

\(CaCO_3\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}CaO+CO_2\)

\(1.2...........1.2\)

\(m_{CaO=}=1.2\cdot56=67.2\left(g\right)\)

\(b.\)

\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{27.6}{24}=1.15\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{CaCO_3}=1.15\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{CaCO_3}=1.15\cdot100=115\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{TC}=115\cdot20\%=23\left(g\right)\)

a, - Khối lượng CaCO3 trong 150g đá là : 120g

=> \(n_{CaCO3}=\dfrac{m}{M}=1,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(PTHH:CaCO_3\rightarrow CaO+CO_2\)

Theo PTHH : \(n_{CaO}=1,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{vs}=m_{CaO}=n.M=67,2\left(g\right)\)

b, \(n_{CO2}=\dfrac{V}{24}=1,15\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PTHH : \(n_{CaCO3}=1,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{CaCO3}=n.M=115\left(g\right)\)

=> %Tạp chất là : \(\left(1-\dfrac{115}{150}\right).100\%=\dfrac{70}{3}\%\)

Vậy ...

\(m_{CaCO_3}=400\cdot90\%=360\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{trơ}=400-360=40\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{360}{100}=3.6\left(mol\right)\)

\(a.\)

\(n_{CaCO_3\left(pư\right)}=3.6\cdot75\%=2.7\left(mol\right)\)

\(CaCO_3\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}CaO+CO_2\)

\(2.7........2.7...........2.7\)

\(m_X=m_{CaO}+m_{CaCO_3\left(dư\right)}+m_{trơ}=2.7\cdot56+\left(3.6-2.7\right)\cdot100+40=281.2\left(g\right)\)

\(b.\)

\(\%CaO=\dfrac{2.7\cdot56}{281.2}\cdot100\%=53.77\%\)

\(V_{CO_2}=2.7\cdot22.4=60.48\left(l\right)\)

mCaCO3 = 300*0.8 = 240 (kg) 

nCaCO3 = 240*1000/100 = 2400 (mol) 

CaCO3 -to-> CaO + CO2 

2400_______2400___2400 

mCaO = 2400*72 = 172800 (g) = 172.8 (kg) 

VCO2 = 2400*22.4 = 53760 (l) 

\(m_{CO_2} = m_{giảm} = 50.22\% = 11(gam)\\ CaCO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} CaO + CO_2\\ n_{CaCO_3\ pư} =n_{CO_2} = \dfrac{11}{44} = 0,25(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CaCO_3\ bị\ phân\ hủy} = 0,25.100 = 25(gam)\)

a) Công thức về khối lượng phản ứng:

m_CaCO3 = m_CaO + m_CO2

b) m_CaCO3 = 280 + 110 = 390 kg

=> %CaCO₃

= \(\frac{390}{560}\) = 69,7%