\(u_2=\sqrt{2}\left(2+3\right)-3=5\sqrt{2}-3\)

\(u_3=\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{2}}.5\sqrt{2}-3=5\sqrt{3}-3\)

\(u_4=\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{3}}.5\sqrt{3}-3=5\sqrt{4}-3\)

....

\(\Rightarrow u_n=5\sqrt{n}-3\)

\(\Rightarrow\lim\limits\dfrac{u_n}{\sqrt{n}}=\lim\limits\dfrac{5\sqrt{n}-3}{\sqrt{n}}=5\)

Từ công thức truy hồi ta được:

\(u_n=sin1+\dfrac{sin2}{2^2}+\dfrac{sin3}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{sinn}{n^2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left|u_n\right|=\left|sin1+\dfrac{sin2}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{sinn}{n^2}\right|\le\left|sin1\right|+\left|\dfrac{sin2}{2^2}\right|+...+\left|\dfrac{sinn}{n^2}\right|\)

\(\Rightarrow\left|u_n\right|< \left|1\right|+\left|\dfrac{1}{2^2}\right|+\left|\dfrac{1}{3^2}\right|+...+\left|\dfrac{1}{n^2}\right|=1+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}\)

Lại có:

\(1+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}< 1+\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}=2-\dfrac{1}{n}< 2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left|u_n\right|< 2\Rightarrow u_n\) là dãy bị chặn

Ta có: \(u_n>2020\) với mọi \(n\in N\text{*}\) \(\left(\text{*}\right)\)

Thật vậy, dễ thấy \(u_1=2021>2020\)

Giả sử \(\left(\text{*}\right)\) đúng với \(n=k\left(k\ge1\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow u_k>2020\)\(\Rightarrow u_{k+1}=\left[1-\dfrac{1}{\left(k+1\right)^2}\right]u_k+\dfrac{2020}{\left(k+1\right)^2}\)

\(>\left[1-\dfrac{1}{\left(k+1\right)^2}\right].2020+\dfrac{2020}{\left(k+1\right)^2}=2020\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\text{*}\right)\) đúng với \(n=k+1\)

Do đó theo nguyên lý quy nạp ta có đpcm.

Lại có:

\(u_{n+1}-u_n=\dfrac{2020}{\left(n+1\right)^2}-\dfrac{u_n}{\left(n+1\right)^2}< 0\) với mọi \(n\in N\text{*}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(u_n\right)\) là dãy giảm

\(\left(u_n\right)\) là dãy giảm và bị chặn nên \(\left(u_n\right)\) là dãy hội tụ

Đặt \(limu_n=L\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2020\le L\le2021\\L=\left[1-\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)^2}\right].L+\dfrac{2020}{\left(n+1\right)^2}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow L=2020\left(tm\right)\)

Vậy \(limu_n=2020\)

Ta có: \(u_n>2020\) với mọi \(n\in N\text{*}\) \(\left(\text{*}\right)\)

Thật vậy, dễ thấy \(u_1=2021>2020\)

Giả sử \(\left(\text{*}\right)\) đúng với \(n=k\left(k\ge1\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow u_k>2020\)\(\Rightarrow u_{k+1}=\left[1-\dfrac{1}{\left(k+1\right)^2}\right]u_k+\dfrac{2020}{\left(k+1\right)^2}\)

\(>\left[1-\dfrac{1}{\left(k+1\right)^2}\right].2020+\dfrac{2020}{\left(k+1\right)^2}=2020\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\text{*}\right)\) đúng với \(n=k+1\)

Do đó theo nguyên lý quy nạp ta có đpcm.

Lại có:

\(u_{n+1}-u_n=\dfrac{2020}{\left(n+1\right)^2}-\dfrac{u_n}{\left(n+1\right)^2}< 0\) với mọi \(n\in N\text{*}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(u_n\right)\) là dãy giảm

\(\left(u_n\right)\) là dãy giảm và bị chặn nên \(\left(u_n\right)\) là dãy hội tụ

Đặt \(limu_n=L\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2020\le L\le2021\\L=\left[1-\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)^2}\right].L+\dfrac{2020}{\left(n+1\right)^2}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow L=2020\left(tm\right)\)

Vậy \(limu_n=2020\)

Đặt \(\dfrac{u_n}{n+1}=v_n\)

\(GT\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v_1=\dfrac{u_1}{1+1}=1\\v_{n+1}=\dfrac{1}{4}v_n,\forall n\in N\text{*}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow v_n=\dfrac{1}{4}^{n-1},\forall n\in N\text{*}\)

\(\Rightarrow u_n=\left(n+1\right).\dfrac{1}{4}^{n-1},\forall n\in N\text{*}\)

\(U_n=\dfrac{\left(n^2-1\right)}{n\left(n+2\right)}U_{n-1}\Rightarrow n\left(n+2\right).U_n=\left(n-1\right)\left(n+1\right).U_{n-1}\)

Đặt \(n\left(n+2\right).U_n=V_n\Rightarrow V_{n-1}=\left(n-1\right)\left(n+2-1\right).U_{n-1}=\left(n-1\right).\left(n+1\right)U_{n-1}\)

\(\Rightarrow V_n=V_{n-1}\)

\(\Rightarrow V_n=V_{n-1}=V_{n-2}=...=V_1\)

Có \(V_1=1.\left(1+2\right).U_1=1\)

\(\Rightarrow V_n=1\)

\(\Rightarrow U_n=\dfrac{V_n}{n\left(n+2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{n\left(n+2\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{1.3}+\dfrac{1}{2.4}+\dfrac{1}{3.5}+...+\dfrac{1}{2015.2017}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{2015}-\dfrac{1}{2017}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2016}-\dfrac{1}{2017}\right)\)

\(=...\)

2:

a: \(u_1=\dfrac{2-1}{1+1}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(u_2=\dfrac{2\cdot2-1}{2+1}=1\)

\(u_3=\dfrac{2\cdot3-1}{3+1}=\dfrac{5}{4}\)

\(u_4=\dfrac{2\cdot4-1}{4+1}=\dfrac{7}{5}\)

b: Đặt \(\dfrac{2n-1}{n+1}=\dfrac{13}{7}\)

=>7(2n-1)=13(n+1)

=>14n-7=13n+13

=>n=20

=>13/7 là số hạng thứ 20 trong dãy

1:

a: u1=1^2-1=0

u2=2^2-1=3

u3=3^2-1=8

u4=4^2-1=15

b: 99=n^2-1

=>n^2=100

mà n>=0

nên n=10

=>99 là số thứ 10 trong dãy

1:

a:

u1=1^2+1=2

u2=2^2+1=5

u3=3^2+1=10

u4=4^2+1=17

b: Đặt 101=n^2+1

=>n^2=100

=>n=10

=>101 là số hạng thứ 10

2:

a: \(u1=\dfrac{1+1}{2-1}=2\)

\(u2=\dfrac{2+1}{2\cdot2-1}=\dfrac{3}{3}=1\)

\(u_3=\dfrac{3+1}{2\cdot3-1}=\dfrac{4}{5}\)

\(u_4=\dfrac{4+1}{2\cdot4-1}=\dfrac{5}{7}\)

b: Đặt \(\dfrac{n+1}{2n-1}=\dfrac{31}{59}\)

=>59(n+1)=31(2n-1)

=>62n-31=59n+59

=>3n=90

=>n=30

=>31/59 là số hạng thứ 30 trong dãy