Lời giải:
1.

\(\lim\limits_{x\to -1}\frac{x^{2019}+1}{x^2+x}=\lim\limits_{x\to -1}\frac{(x+1)(x^{2018}-x^{2017}+x^{2016}-....-x+1)}{x(x+1)}=\lim\limits_{x\to -1}\frac{x^{2018}-x^{2017}+x^{2016}-....-x+1}{x}\)

\(=\frac{(-1)^{2018}-(-1)^{2017}+(-1)^{2016}+....-(-1)+1}{-1}\)

\(=\frac{\underbrace{1+1+....+1+1}_{2019}}{-1}=\frac{2019}{-1}=-2019\)

2.

\(\lim\limits_{x\to 1}\frac{(x-1)+(x^2-1)+(x^3-1)+....+(x^n-1)}{x-1}\\ =\lim\limits_{x\to 1}\frac{(x-1)+(x-1)(x+1)+(x-1)(x^2+x+1)+....+(x-1)(x^{n-1}+x^{n-2}+...+x+1)}{x-1}\)

$\lim\limits_{x\to 1}[1+(x+1)+(x^2+x+1)+....+(x^{n-1}+x^{n-2}+...+x+1)]$

$=1+2+3+....+n=n(n+1):2$

\(\)

a) \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow-2}\dfrac{2x^2+x-6}{x^3+8}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow-2}\dfrac{\left(2x-3\right)\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right)}\\ =\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow-2}\dfrac{2x-3}{x^2-2x+4}=-\dfrac{7}{12}\).

b) \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow3}\dfrac{x^4-x^2-72}{x^2-2x-3}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow3}\dfrac{\left(x^2+8\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+1\right)}\\ =\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow3}\dfrac{\left(x^2+8\right)\left(x+3\right)}{x+1}=\dfrac{51}{2}\).

c) \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow-1}\dfrac{x^5+1}{x^3+1}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow-1}\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^4-x^3+x^2-x+1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}\\ =\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow-1}\dfrac{x^4-x^3+x^2-x+1}{x^2-x+1}=\dfrac{5}{3}\).

d) \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\left(\dfrac{2}{x^2-1}-\dfrac{1}{x-1}\right)=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\left(\dfrac{2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}-\dfrac{x+1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\right)\\ =\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\dfrac{1-x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\dfrac{-1}{x+1}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\).

a) lim (6n⁴ - n + 1) 

= lim n⁴(6 - 1/n³ + 1/n⁴) = + \(\infty\)

+ lim n⁴ = + \(\infty\)

+ lim (6 - 1/n³ + 1/n⁴) = 6

b) lim (2 - 3n + 7n²)

= lim n²(2/n² - 3/n + 7) = + \(\infty\)

+ lim n² = + \(\infty\)

+ lim (2/n² - 3/n + 7) = 7

\(a,lim\dfrac{2n+1}{-3n+2}\)

\(=lim\dfrac{2+\dfrac{1}{n}}{-3+\dfrac{2}{n}}=-\dfrac{2}{3}\)

\(b,lim\dfrac{5n^3-2n+1}{n-2n^3}\)

\(=lim\dfrac{5-\dfrac{2}{n^2}+\dfrac{1}{n^3}}{\dfrac{1}{n^2}-2}=\dfrac{5}{-2}\)

\(b,lim\dfrac{2n^2+1}{3n^3-3n+3}\)

\(=lim\dfrac{2n+\dfrac{1}{n^3}}{3-\dfrac{3}{n^2}+\dfrac{3}{n^3}}\)

\(=n\times\dfrac{2}{3}=\)+∞

A, 7.b dương vô cực

\(a,lim\dfrac{7n^2-3n}{n^2+2}\)

\(=lim\dfrac{7-\dfrac{3}{n}}{1+\dfrac{2}{n^2}}\)

\(=\dfrac{7-0}{1+0}=\dfrac{7}{1}=7\)

\(=lim_{x->0}\left(\dfrac{1+x^2-1}{x^2\left(\sqrt[3]{\left(1+x^2\right)^2}+\sqrt[3]{1+x^2}+1\right)}\right)\)

\(=lim_{x->0}1=1\)

a. ĐKXĐ: \(n\ge0\)

\(lim_{n\rightarrow0}\dfrac{\sqrt{2n+1}}{\sqrt{8n}+1}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2.0+1}}{\sqrt{8.0}+1}=1\)

\(lim_{n\rightarrow+\infty}\dfrac{\sqrt{2n+1}}{\sqrt{8n}+1}=lim_{n\rightarrow+\infty}\dfrac{\sqrt{2+\dfrac{1}{n}}}{\sqrt{8}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

b. ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n\ne0\\n\le\dfrac{-1-\sqrt{21}}{2}\\n\ge\dfrac{-1+\sqrt{21}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(lim_{n\rightarrow+\infty}\dfrac{3n+\sqrt{n^2+n-5}}{-2n}=\)\(lim_{n\rightarrow+\infty}\dfrac{3+\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{5}{n^2}}}{-2}=-2\)

\(lim_{n\rightarrow-\infty}\dfrac{3n+\sqrt{n^2+n-5}}{-2n}=\)\(lim_{n\rightarrow-\infty}\dfrac{3+\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{5}{n^2}}}{-2}=-1\)

a, \(lim\dfrac{\sqrt{2n+1}}{\sqrt{8n}+1}=lim\dfrac{\sqrt{n}.\sqrt{2+\dfrac{1}{n}}}{\sqrt{n}\left(\sqrt{8}+\dfrac{1}{n}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{8}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

b, \(lim\dfrac{3n+\sqrt{n^2+n-5}}{-2n}\)

\(=lim\left(\dfrac{3}{2}-\dfrac{\sqrt{n^2+n-5}}{2n}\right)\)

\(=lim\left(\dfrac{3}{2}-\dfrac{n\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{5}{n^2}}}{2n}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}=1\)

\(\lim\dfrac{\sqrt{2n+1}}{\sqrt{8n}+1}=\lim\dfrac{\sqrt{n}.\sqrt{2+\dfrac{1}{n}}}{\sqrt{n}\left(\sqrt{8}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}\right)}=\lim\dfrac{\sqrt{2+\dfrac{1}{n}}}{\sqrt{8}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{8}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\lim\dfrac{3n+\sqrt{n^2+n-5}}{-2n}=\lim\dfrac{n\left(3+\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{5}{n^2}}\right)}{-2n}=\lim\dfrac{3+\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{5}{n^2}}}{-2}=\dfrac{3+1}{-2}=-2\)