?3 rút gọn biểu thức sau :
a) \(\dfrac{\text{x² - 3}}{\text{x}+\sqrt{3}}\)
b) \(\dfrac{\text{1}-a\sqrt{\text{a }}}{1-\sqrt{a}}\)với a ≥ 0 và a ≠ 1
1 a..Rút gọn biểu thức A = \(\dfrac{\text{ x 2 − 4 x + 4}}{\text{x 3 − 2 x 2 − ( 4 x − 8 ) }}\)
b. Rút gọn biểu thức B = \(\left(\dfrac{x+2}{\text{x }\sqrt{\text{x }}+1}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\text{x}}+1}\right).\dfrac{\text{4 }\sqrt{x}}{3}\)
a.\(A=\dfrac{x^2-4x+4}{x^3-2x^2-\left(4x-8\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)^2}{x^2\left(x-2\right)-4\left(x-2\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)^2}{\left(x^2-4\right)\left(x-2\right)}=\dfrac{x-2}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x+2}\)
\(A=\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)^2}{x^2\left(x-2\right)-4\left(x-2\right)}\left(x\ne\pm2\right)\\ A=\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)^2}{\left(x-2\right)^2\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x+2}\\ B=\dfrac{x+2-x+\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(x-\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{4\sqrt{x}}{3}\left(x>0\right)\\ B=\dfrac{4\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{3\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(x-\sqrt{x}+1\right)}=\dfrac{4\sqrt{x}}{3\left(x-\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
2 a. rút gọn biểu C = \(\dfrac{2x^{\text{2}}-x}{\text{x }-1}+\dfrac{x+1}{1-x}+\dfrac{2-x^2}{x-1}\)
b. Rút gọn biểu thức D = \(\left(\dfrac{1}{a-\sqrt{a}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\text{a}}-1}\right):\dfrac{\sqrt{\text{a}}+1}{a-2\sqrt{a}+1}\)
Vậy khi rút gọn một biểu thức hửu tỉ và một biểu thức chứa căn có tìm điều kiện xác định không?
\(a,C=\dfrac{2x^2-x-x-1+2-x^2}{x-1}\left(x\ne1\right)\\ C=\dfrac{x^2-2x+1}{x-1}=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)^2}{x-1}=x-1\\ b,D=\dfrac{1+\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)^2}{\sqrt{a}+1}\left(a>0;a\ne1\right)\\ D=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-1}{\sqrt{a}}\)
Có
\(\left(\dfrac{\text{√}x}{\text{√}x+2}+\dfrac{8\text{√}x+8}{x+2\text{√}x}-\dfrac{\text{√}x+2}{\text{√}x}\right):\left(\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}+3}{x+2\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\right)\)
a) rút gọn P
b)CMR: P≤1
b) (4√x + 4)/(x + 2√x + 5) ≥ 1
⇔ (4√x + 4)/(x + 2√x + 5) - 1 ≤ 0
Do x ≥ 0 ⇒ x + 2√x + 5 > 0
⇒ (4√x + 4)/(x + 2√x + 5) - 1 ≤ 0
⇔ (4√x + 4) - (x + 2√x + 5) ≤ 0
⇔ 4√x + 4 - x - 2√x - 5 ≤ 0
⇔ -x + 2√x - 1 ≤ 0
⇔ -(x - 2√x + 1) ≤ 0
⇔ -(√x - 1)² ≤ 0 (luôn đúng)
Vậy (4√x + 4)/(x + 2√x + 5) ≤ 1 với mọi x ≥ 0
a: \(P=\dfrac{x+8\sqrt{x}+8-x-4\sqrt{x}-4}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}:\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}+3+\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{x+2\sqrt{x}+5}\)
b: 4(căn x+1)>=4
x+2căn x+5>=5
=>P<=4/5<1
Cho biểu thức
A= \(\text{[}1-\frac{\sqrt{x}}{1+\sqrt{x}}\text{]}:\text{[}\frac{\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}+2}+\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{3-\sqrt{x}}+\frac{\sqrt{x}+2}{x-5\sqrt{x}+6}\)
a, Rút gọn A
b, Tìm x để A<0
a: \(A=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}+1}:\left(\dfrac{x-9-x+4+\sqrt{x}+2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\cdot\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)
b: Để A<0 thì \(\sqrt{x}-2< 0\)
hay 0<x<4
\(\text{Cho biểu thức :B= ( \dfrac{15-\sqrt{x}}{x-25}+ \dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+5})\times(\dfrac{\sqrt{x\:-5}}{\sqrt{x\:+1}}) (với x\ge0;x\ne25 ) a) Rút gọn biểu thức b) Tìm giá trị của để }\)
1, P=(\(\dfrac{\text{x-1}}{\text{x+3}\sqrt{\text{x-4}}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{\text{x}}+1}{1-\sqrt{\text{x}}}\)) : \(\dfrac{\text{x}+2\sqrt{\text{x}}+1}{x-1}\)+1
a, Rút gọn P
b, Tìm x để P<0
1. Rút gọn biểu thức A = \(\dfrac{\text{√ x + 1}}{\text{√ x − 1 }}-\dfrac{\text{√ x − 1}}{\text{√ x + 1}}+\dfrac{\text{8 √ x}}{\text{1 − x }}\)
2. Rút gọn biểu thức B = \(\dfrac{\text{√ x − x − 3}}{\text{x − 1 }}-\dfrac{\text{1}}{\text{√ x − 1 }}\) với x ≥ 0, x ≠ 1
Bài 1: Cho biểu thức \(A=\dfrac{x+2\text{√}x-10}{x-\text{√}x-6}-\dfrac{1}{\text{√}x+2}-\dfrac{\text{√}x-2}{\text{√}x-3}\) với x ≥ 0 và x ≠ 9
a) Rút gọn A
b) Tính giá trị của A khi x = 9-4√5
c) Tìm giá trị của x để A = \(\dfrac{1}{3}\)
(Đề thi tuyển sinh vào 10 - chuyên Thái Bình)
Cho biểu thức
\(A=\left(\dfrac{1}{x-1}+\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}+5}{x\sqrt{x}-x-\sqrt{x}+1}\right)\left[\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}{4\sqrt{x}}-1\right]\) với \(x>0,\text{ }x\ne1\).
a) Rút gọn $A$.
b) Cho \(B=\left(x-\sqrt{x}+1\right).A\) . Chứng minh rằng \(B>1.\)
a) - Với \(x>0,x\ne1\), ta có:
\(A=\left(\frac{1}{x-1}+\frac{3\sqrt{x}+5}{x\sqrt{x}-x-\sqrt{x}+1}\right)\left[\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}{4\sqrt{x}}-1\right]\)
\(A=\left[\frac{1}{x-1}+\frac{3\sqrt{x}+5}{\sqrt{x}\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)}\right]\left[\frac{x+2\sqrt{x}+1}{4\sqrt{x}}-\frac{4\sqrt{x}}{4\sqrt{x}}\right]\)
\(A=\left[\frac{1}{x-1}+\frac{3\sqrt{x}+5}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x-1\right)}\right]\left[\frac{x+2\sqrt{x}-4\sqrt{x}+1}{4\sqrt{x}}\right]\)
\(A=\left[\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}+\frac{3\sqrt{x}+5}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x-1\right)}\right]\left[\frac{x^2-2\sqrt{x}+1}{4\sqrt{x}}\right]\)
\(A=\frac{\sqrt{x}+3\sqrt{x}-1+5}{\left(x-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}.\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}{4\sqrt{x}}\)
\(A=\frac{4+4\sqrt{x}}{\left(x-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}.\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}{4\sqrt{x}}\)
\(A=\frac{4\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}.\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}{4\sqrt{x}}\)
\(A=\frac{4\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{4\left(x-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right).\sqrt{x}}\)
\(A=\frac{4\left(x-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{4\left(x-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right).\sqrt{x}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\)
Vậy với \(x>0,x\ne1\)thì \(A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\)
\(A=\left(\frac{1}{x-1}+\frac{3\sqrt{x}+5}{x\sqrt{x}-x-\sqrt{x}+1}\right)\left[\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}{4\sqrt{x}}-1\right]\)
\(=\left[\frac{1}{x-1}+\frac{3\sqrt{x}+5}{\sqrt{x}\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)}\right]\left[\frac{x+2\sqrt{x}+1}{4\sqrt{x}}-\frac{4\sqrt{x}}{4\sqrt{x}}\right]\)
\(=\left[\frac{1}{x-1}+\frac{3\sqrt{x}+5}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x-1\right)}\right]\left[\frac{x+2\sqrt{x}-4\sqrt{x}+1}{4\sqrt{x}}\right]\)
\(=\left[\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}+\frac{3\sqrt{x}+5}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x-1\right)}\right]\left[\frac{x^2-2\sqrt{x}+1}{4\sqrt{x}}\right]\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}+3\sqrt{x}-1+5}{\left(x-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}.\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}{4\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\frac{4+4\sqrt{x}}{\left(x-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}.\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}{4\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\frac{4\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}.\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}{4\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\frac{4\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{4\left(x-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right).\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\frac{4\left(x-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{4\left(x-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right).\sqrt{x}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\)
b) \(B=\left(x-\sqrt{x}+1\right)\cdot A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\left(x-\sqrt{x}+1\right)=\frac{x}{\sqrt{x}}-\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\sqrt{x}-1\)
Xét hiệu B - 1 ta có : \(B-1=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\sqrt{x}-2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{x}{\sqrt{x}}-\frac{2\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}{\sqrt{x}}\)
Dễ thấy \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x}>0\forall x>0\\\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\ge0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}{\sqrt{x}}\ge0\forall x>0\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x = 1 ( ktm ĐKXĐ )
Vậy đẳng thức không xảy ra , hay chỉ có B - 1 > 0 <=> B > 1 ( đpcm )
b) \(B=\left(x-\sqrt{x}+1\right).A\)
Với \(x>0.x\ne1\)thì \(B=\left(x-\sqrt{x}+1\right).\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}=\frac{x-\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}}=\sqrt{x}-1+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\)
\(B=\left(\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}-2\frac{\sqrt[4]{x}}{\sqrt[4]{x}}\right)+2\frac{\sqrt[4]{x}}{\sqrt[4]{x}}-1=\left(\sqrt[4]{x}-\frac{1}{\sqrt[4]{x}}\right)^2+2-1\)
\(B=\left(\sqrt[4]{x}-\frac{1}{\sqrt[4]{x}}\right)^2+1\)
Ta có:
\(\left(\sqrt[4]{x}-\frac{1}{\sqrt[4]{x}}\right)^2\ge0\forall x>0\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[4]{x}-\frac{1}{\sqrt[4]{x}}=0\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[4]{x}=\frac{1}{\sqrt[4]{x}}\Leftrightarrow x=1\)(thỏa mãn điều kiện x>0)
Mà theo đề bài, \(x\ne1\)nên dấu bằng không xảy ra
Do đó : \(\left(\sqrt[4]{x}-\frac{1}{\sqrt[4]{x}}\right)^2>0\forall x\left(x>0;x\ne1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt[4]{x}-\frac{1}{\sqrt[4]{x}}\right)^2+1>1\forall x\left(x>0;x\ne1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B>1\forall x\left(x>0;x\ne1\right)\)
Vậy với \(x>0;x\ne1\)thì \(B>1\)