1, Ta có : y = mx - 2m - 1 

<=> m ( x - 2 ) - 1 - y = 0 

<=> m(x - 2) - (y+1) = 0

Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi x = 2 ; y = -1 

Vậy (d) luôn đi qua A(2;-1) 

2, (d) : y = mx - 2m - 1

Cho x = 0 => y = -2m - 1 

=> d cắt Oy tại A(0;-2m-1) 

=> OA = \(\left|-2m-1\right|\)

Cho y = 0 => x = \(\dfrac{2m+1}{m}\)

=> d cắt trục Ox tại B(2m+1/m;0) 

=> OB = \(\left|\dfrac{2m+1}{m}\right|\)

Ta có : \(S_{OAB}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left|\dfrac{2m+1}{m}.\left(-2m-1\right)\right|=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|-\dfrac{\left(2m+1\right)^2}{m}\right|=4\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-\dfrac{\left(2m+1\right)^2}{m}=4\\-\dfrac{\left(2m+1\right)^2}{m}=-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4m^2+8m+1=0\\4m^2+1=0\left(voli\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

<=> m = \(\dfrac{-2\pm\sqrt{3}}{2}\)

a) \(\left(d\right):y=\left(m-2\right)x+m+3\)

Gọi \(A\left(x_o;y_o\right)\) là điểm cố định mà \(\left(d\right)\) đi qua, nên ta có :

\(y_o=\left(m-2\right)x_o+m+3,\forall m\in R\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y_o=mx_o-2x_o+m+3,\forall m\in R\)

\(\Leftrightarrow mx_o+m+2x_o+y_o-3=0,\forall m\in R\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x_o+1\right)m+\left(2x_o+y_o-3\right)=0,\forall m\in R\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_o+1=0\\2x_o+y_o-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_o=-1\\y_o=5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow A\left(-1;5\right)\)

Vậy Với mọi m, đường thẳng \(\left(d\right)\) luôn đi qua điểm cố định \(A\left(-1;5\right)\)

b) Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(d\right)\cap Ox=A\\\left(d\right)\cap Oy=B\end{matrix}\right.\)

Tọa độ điểm \(A\) thỏa mãn

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=0\\y=\left(m-2\right)x+m+3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{m+3}{2-m}\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow A\left(\dfrac{m+3}{2-m};0\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow OA=\sqrt[]{\left(\dfrac{m+3}{2-m}\right)^2}=\left|\dfrac{m+3}{2-m}\right|\)

Tọa độ điểm \(B\) thỏa mãn

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\left(m-2\right)x+m+3\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=m+3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow B\left(0;m+3\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow OB=\sqrt[]{\left(m+3\right)^2}=\left|m+3\right|\)

\(S_{OAB}=2\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}OA.OB=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|\dfrac{m+3}{2-m}\right|.\left|m+3\right|=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(m+3\right)^2=4\left|2-m\right|\left(1\right)\)

\(TH1:2-m>0\Leftrightarrow m< 2\)

\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(m+3\right)^2=4\left(2-m\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow m^2+6m+9=8-4m\)

\(\Leftrightarrow m^2+10m+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}m=-5+2\sqrt[]{6}\left(tm\right)\\m=-5-2\sqrt[]{6}\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(TH2:2-m< 0\Leftrightarrow m>2\)

\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(m+3\right)^2=4\left(m-2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow m^2+6m+9=4m-8\)

\(\Leftrightarrow m^2+2m+17=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) Phương trình vô nghiệm

Vậy \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}m=-5+2\sqrt[]{6}\\m=-5-2\sqrt[]{6}\end{matrix}\right.\) thỏa mãn đề bài

2: Tọa độ điểm A là:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y_A=0\\mx=2m+1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow A\left(\dfrac{2m+1}{m};0\right)\)

Tọa độ điểm B là:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=-2m-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow B\left(-2m-1;0\right)\)

Theo đề, ta có: \(\left|\dfrac{4m^2+4m+1}{m}\right|=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4m^2+4m+1=4m\\4m^2+4m+1=-4m\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow4m^2+8m+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4m^2+8m+4m-3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2m+2\right)^2=3\)

hay \(m\in\left\{\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-2}{2};\dfrac{-\sqrt{3}-2}{2}\right\}\)

\(a,\) Gọi \(A\left(x_0;y_0\right)\) là điểm cố định mà (d) đi qua với mọi m

\(\Leftrightarrow y_0=\left(m+2\right)x_0+m\\ \Leftrightarrow mx_0+m+2x_0-y=0\\ \Leftrightarrow m\left(x_0+1\right)+\left(2x_0-y_0\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_0+1=0\\2x_0-y_0=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_0=-1\\y_0=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow A\left(-1;-2\right)\)

Vậy \(A\left(-1;-2\right)\) là điểm cố định mà (d) đi qua với mọi m

\(b,\) PT giao Ox tại A và Oy tại B: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=0\Rightarrow\left(m+2\right)x=-m\Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{m}{m+2}\Rightarrow A\left(-\dfrac{m}{m+2};0\right)\Rightarrow OA=\left|-\dfrac{m}{m+2}\right|\\x=0\Rightarrow y=m\Rightarrow B\left(0;m\right)\Rightarrow OB=\left|m\right|\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(S_{OAB}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}OA\cdot OB=\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow\left|-\dfrac{m}{m+2}\right|\left|m\right|=1\\ \Leftrightarrow\left|-\dfrac{m^2}{m+2}\right|=1\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-\dfrac{m^2}{m+2}=1\\\dfrac{m^2}{m+2}=1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-m^2=m+2\\m^2=m+2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}m^2+m+2=0\left(vô.n_0\right)\\m^2-m-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}m=2\\m=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy ...