Bài này anh giúp rồi mà em. Em không hiểu chỗ nào nhỉ? 

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{16,2}{27}=0,6mol\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6mol\)

\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)

0,6       0,6

Theo pt: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{0,6}{4}=0,15< \dfrac{0,6}{3}=0,2=n_{O_2}\)

\(\Rightarrow O_2\) dư và dư \(0,6-\dfrac{0,6}{4}\cdot3=0,15mol\)

\(n_{Al_2O_3}=n_{Al}=0,15mol\)

\(m_{Al_2O_3}=0,15\cdot102=15,3g\)

nAl=0,5mol

nO2=0,3mol

PTHH: 4Al+3O2=>2Al2O3

             0,5mol:0,3mol

ta thấy nAl dư theo nO2

p/ư:         0,4mol<-0,3mol->0,2mol

=> số gam chất phản ứng dư:27.(0.5-0.4)=2.7g

b) mAl2O3=0,2.102=20,2g

4Al   +    3O₂ ----t⁰-->      2Al₂O₃

4mol        3mol                    2 mol

nAl = 13,5/ 27  = 0,5 mol 

nO2 = 6,72  /  22,4  =  0,3 mol

Tỉ lệ : \(\frac{0,5}{4}\) > \(\frac{0,3}{3}\)

--> nAl dư nên kê mol các chất còn lại theo n O2

4Al  +  3O2   ----to--->    2Al2O3

4mol    3mol                    2mol

0,4mol   0,3mol               0,2 mol

Al là chất còn dư

nAl dư = n_{ban đầu}  - n_{phản ứng} = 0,5-0,4 = 0,1 mol

mAl dư = n_{dư *} M =  0,1  *  27 = 2,7 g

b.  m Al2O3= n*M = 0,3* 102=  20,4 g

\(n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{18.96}{158}=0.12\left(mol\right)\)

\(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^0}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)

\(0.12...........................................0.06\)

\(V_{O_2}=0.06\cdot22.4=1.344\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5.4}{27}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)

\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}2Al_2O_3\)

\(0.08.....0.06.......0.04\)

\(m_{Al\left(dư\right)}=\left(0.2-0.08\right)\cdot27=3.24\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Al_2O_3}=0.04\cdot102=4.08\left(g\right)\)

\(a,n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

b, LTL: \(\dfrac{0,4}{4}>\dfrac{0,6}{3}\) => O₂ dư

Theo pthh: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{4}.0,4=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,4=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> V_{O2 (dư)} = (0,6 - 0,3).22,4 = 6,72 (l)

c, m_Al2O3 = 0,2.102 = 20,4 (g)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{17}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\) 
\(LTL:\dfrac{0,4}{4}< \dfrac{0,6}{3}\) 
=> O2 dư P hết 
\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al_2O_3}=0,2.102=20,4g\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4mol\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6mol\)

    \(4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\)

Xét: \(\dfrac{0,4}{4}\) < \(\dfrac{0,6}{3}\)                  ( mol )

         0,4     0,3            0,2   ( mol )

Chất dư là O₂

\(m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,6-0,3\right).32=9,6g\)

\(m_{Al_2O_3}=0,2.102=20,4g\)

a, PT: \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)

b, Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)

c, Theo PT: \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}=0,1.102=10,2\left(g\right)\)

a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{13,5}{27}=0,5\left(mol\right)\); \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,5}{4}>\dfrac{0,3}{3}\) => Al dư, O₂ hết

PTHH: 4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

             0,4<--0,3------->0,2

m_Al(dư) = 13,5 - 0,4.27 = 2,7 (g)

b) m_Al2O3 = 0,2.102 = 20,4 (g)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{13,5}{27}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\\ LTL:\dfrac{0,5}{4}>\dfrac{0,3}{3}\) 
=> Al dư 
\(n_{Al\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=\dfrac{4}{3}n_{O_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al\left(d\right)}=\left(0,5-0,4\right).27=2,7g\\ n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al_2O_3}=0,25.102=25,5g\)

\(a,PTHH:4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\\ n_{Al}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ Theo.PTHH:n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,4=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al_2O_3}=n.M=0,2.102=20,4\left(g\right)\)

\(b,n_{O_2}=\dfrac{V_{\left(đktc\right)}}{22,4}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ Lập.tỉ.lệ:\dfrac{n_{Al}}{4}>\dfrac{n_{O_2}}{3}\Rightarrow Al.dư\\ Theo.PTHH:n_{Al\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{4}{3}.n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4}{3}.0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Al\left(dư\right)}=n_{Al\left(bđ\right)}-n_{Al\left(pư\right)}=0,4-0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ Theo.PTHH:n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al_2O_3}=n.M=0,1=102=10,2\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{3,24}{27}=0,12mol\)

a)\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\) \(\Rightarrow\) phản ứng hóa hợp.

b)0,12    0,09    0,06

   \(m_{Al_2O_3}=0,06\cdot102=6,12g\)

c)\(V_{O_2}=0,09\cdot22,4=2,016l\)

a) 4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

Tỉ lệ Al : O₂ = 4:3

b) \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)=>m_{O_2}=0,15.32=4,8\left(g\right)\)

Áp dụng ĐLBTKL:

\(m_{Al}+m_{O_2}=m_{Al_2O_3}\)

=> \(m_{Al}=10,2-4,8=5,4\left(g\right)\)

c) \(a=\dfrac{5,4.100}{90}=6\left(g\right)\)