\(ZnO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2O\)

0,1____0,1 _________0,1____________

\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)

0,2 ____0,2______0,2______0,2

\(H_2SO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)

Đổi 50ml=0,05l

\(n_{NaOH}=0,05.4=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{ZnO}=\frac{8,1}{65+16}=0,1\)

\(n_{Zn}=\frac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(C\%_{HCl}=\frac{0,5.36,5}{245}.100\%=7,5\%\)

\(C\%_{ZnSO4}=\frac{0,3.\left(65+32+16.4\right)}{245+8,1+13-0,2.2}.100\%=18,18\%\)

\(C\%_{H2SO4.du}=\frac{0,2.98}{245+13+8,1-0,2.2}.100\%=7,38\%\)

a) \(n_{Na}=\dfrac{11,5}{23}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{8\%.500}{40}=1\left(mol\right)\)

\(Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)

0,5---------------->0,5------->0,25

\(\Sigma n_{NaOH}=0,5+1=1,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{ddsaupu}=11,5+500-0,25.2=511\left(g\right)\)

=> \(C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{1,5.40}{511}.100=11,74\%\)

b) Gọi thể tích dung dịch X cần tìm là V

 \(n_{H^+}=V.1+V.0,5.1=2V\left(mol\right)\)

\(H^++OH^-\rightarrow H_2O\)

Ta có : \(n_{H^+}=n_{OH^-}=1,5\left(mol\right)\)

=> 2V=1,5

=> V=0,75(lít)

\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{18,36}{102}=0,18\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Al}=\dfrac{0,81}{27}=0,03\left(mol\right)\\ Al_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\left(1\right)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\left(2\right)\\ H_2SO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\left(3\right)\\ n_{NaOH}=0,05.4=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,18+0,5.0,03=0,195\left(mol\right)\\ m_{ddsau}=m_{hh}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}\\ =18,36+0,81+300-0,045.2=319,08\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddAl_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{342.0,195}{319,08}.100\approx20,901\%\\ C\%_{ddH_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,1.98}{319,08}.100\approx3,071\%\)

B1:

2NaOH+H₂SO₄\(\rightarrow\)Na₂SO₄+2H₂O

n_NaOH=\(\frac{4}{40}=0.1\)mol

=>n_H2SO4=\(\frac{1}{2}\)n_NaOH=0.05 mol

=>C_M=\(\frac{n_{H2SO42}}{V}\)=\(\frac{0.05}{200}\)=2,5.10^-4 (M)

B2:

Mg+\(\frac{1}{2}\)O₂\(\underrightarrow{t^0}\)MgO                (1)

MgO+2HCl\(\rightarrow\)MgCl₂+H₂O (2)

n_Mg(1)=\(\frac{0,36}{24}=0,015mol\)

=>n_MgO(1)=0,015=n_MgO(2)

n_HCl(2)=2n_MgO(2)=0,03mol

=>C_M(HCl)=\(\frac{n_{HCl}}{V}=\frac{0,03}{100}=3.10^{-4}M\)

Bài 2

Bài 1

a/. Phương trình phản ứng hoá học: 
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2 
b/. nH2 = V/22,4 = 3,36/22,4 = 0,15 (mol) 
....... Fe.....+ 2HCl --> Fecl2 + H2 
TPT 1 mol....2 mol.................1 mol 
TDB x mol....y mol................0,15 mol 
nFe = x = (0,15x1)/1 = 0,15 (mol) 
mFe = n x M = 0,15 x 56 = 8,4 (g) 
c/. nHCl = y = (0,15x2)/1 = 0,3 (mol) 
CMHCl = n/V = 0,3/0,05 = 6 (M) 

\(n_{CO2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(MCO_3+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+CO_2+H_2O|\)

           1              1                 1            1         1

          0,1           0,1                            0,1       0,1

\(n_{MCO3}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Có : \(0,1.\left(M=60\right)=8,4\)

               \(\left(M+60\right)=84\)

              \(M=84-60=24\left(dvc\right)\)

          Vậy kim loại M là magie

\(n_{H2SO4}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{H2SO4}=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{9,8.100}{12,25}=80\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{MgSO4}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{MgSO4}=0,1.120=12\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddspu}=8,4+80=88,4\left(g\right)\)

\(C_{MgSO4}=\dfrac{12.100}{88,4}=13,57\)⁰/₀

 Chúc bạn học tốt

a) CT oxit \(AO\)

\(AO+2HCl\rightarrow ACl_2+H_2\\ n_{HCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_A=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow M_{AO}=A+16=\dfrac{8}{0,2}=40\\ \Rightarrow A=24\left(Mg\right)\)

b)\(n_{MgSO_3}=\dfrac{10,4}{104}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200.24,5\%}{98}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ MgSO_3+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+SO_2+H_2O\\ LTL:\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{1}\\ \Rightarrow H_2SO_4dưsauphảnứng\\ n_{H_2SO_4\left(pứ\right)}=n_{SO_2}=n_{MgSO_4}=n_{MgSO_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,5-0,1=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ m_{ddsaupu}=10,4+200-0,1.64=204\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.120}{204}.100=5,88\%\\ C\%_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,4.98}{204}=19,22\%\)

\(a,n_{AO}=\dfrac{8}{M_A+16}(mol);n_{HCl}=1.0,4=0,4(mol)\\ PTHH:AO+2HCl\to ACl_2+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{AO}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow M_{AO}=\dfrac{8}{0,2}=40(g/mol)\\ \Rightarrow M_{A}=40-16=24(g/mol)\\ \text {Vậy A là magie(Mg) và CTHH oxit là }MgO\\\)

\(b,n_{MgSO_3}=\dfrac{10,4}{104}=0,1(mol)\\ m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200.24,5\%}{100\%}=49(g)\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{49}{98}=0,5(mol)\\ PTHH:MgSO_3+H_2SO_4\to MgSO_4+SO_2\uparrow +H_2O \)

Vì \(\dfrac{n_{MgSO_3}}{1}<\dfrac{n_{H_2SO_4}}{1}\) nên \(H_2SO_4\) dư

\(\Rightarrow n_{MgSO_4}=n_{SO_2}=n_{H_2O}=n_{MgSO_3}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \begin{cases} m_{CT_{MgSO_4}}=0,1.120=12(g)\\ m_{SO_2}=0,1.64=6,4(g)\\ m_{H_2O}=0,1.18=1,8(g) \end{cases}\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{MgSO_4}}=10,4+200-6,4-1,8=202,2(g)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{12}{202,2}.100\%\approx 5,93\%\)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2mol\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,04.1=0,04mol\)

\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)

0,2  >   0,04                              ( mol )

0,04       0,04            0,04     0,04     ( mol )

\(m_{ZnSO_4}=0,04.161=6,44g\)

Câu b ko hiểu lắm bạn ơi!