\(2M+O_2\to 2MO\\ n_{O_2}=\frac{8,4}{22,4}=0,375mol\\ n_M=2n_{O_2}=2.0,375=0,75mol\\ m_M=\frac{18}{0,75}=24 (g/mol)\\ \Rightarrow M: Mg( Magie)\)

a, PT: \(4M+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2M_2O_3\)

Ta có: \(n_M=\dfrac{10,8}{M_M}\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{M_2O_3}=\dfrac{20,4}{2M_M+16.3}\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_M=2n_{M_2O_3}\Rightarrow\dfrac{10,8}{M_M}=2.\dfrac{20,4}{2M_M+16.3}\)

\(\Rightarrow M_M=27\left(g/mol\right)\)

→ M là Nhôm (Al)

b, Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{kk}=\dfrac{V_{O_2}}{20\%}=33,6\left(l\right)\)

c, PT: \(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)

\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=6n_{Al_2O_3}=1,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1,2}{2}=0,6\left(l\right)\)

d, PT: \(Al_2O_3+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaAlO_2+H_2O\)

Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{Al_2O_3}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=0,4.40=16\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{16}{25\%}=64\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{64}{1,25}=51,2\left(ml\right)\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1.68}{22.4}=0.075\left(mol\right)\)

\(2A+O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2AO\)

\(0.15.....0.075\)

\(M_A=\dfrac{8.4}{0.15}=56\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)

\(A:Sắt\left(Fe\right)\)

\(n_{Cl_2}=a\left(mol\right),n_{O_2}=b\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{hh}=a+b=0.25\left(mol\right)\left(1\right)\)

BTKL : 

\(m_{khí}=23-7.2=15.8\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow71a+32b=15.8\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.2,b=0.05\)

\(2M+nCl_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2MCl_n\)

\(4M+nO_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2M_2O_n\)

\(n_M=\dfrac{0.4}{n}+\dfrac{0.2}{n}=\dfrac{0.6}{n}\left(mol\right)\)

\(M_M=\dfrac{7.2}{\dfrac{0.6}{n}}=12n\)

\(n=2\Rightarrow M=24\)

\(M:Mg\)

Gọi $n_{Cl_2} = a ; n_{O_2} = b \Rightarrow a + b = 0,25(1)$
Bảo toàn khối lượng :

$7,2 + 71a + 32b = 23(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,2 ; b = 0,05

Gọi n là hóa trị M

$2M + nCl_2 \to 2MCl_n$
$4M + nO_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2M_2O_n$

Theo PTHH : 

$n_M = \dfrac{2}{n}n_{Cl_2} + \dfrac{4}{n}n_{O_2} = \dfrac{0,6}{n}$

$\Rightarrow \dfrac{0,6}{n}.M = 7,2$
$\Rightarrow M = 12n$

Với n = 2 thì $M = 24(Magie)$

4Al+3O₂-to>2Al₂O₃

0,04---0,03------0,02 mol

n _Al=\(\dfrac{1,08}{27}\)=0,04 mol

=>V_O2=0,03.22,4=0,672l

b)

2A+O₂-to>2AO

0,06--0,03 mol

=>\(\dfrac{3,84}{A}=0,06\)

=>A=64 :=>Al là Đồng

Tham khảo:

Gọi công thức của oxit là RO

PTHH: RO + H2 t0→→t0 R + H2O

Gọi CTHH là RO

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH : RO + H₂ -t^o-> R + H₂O

            0,1      0,1

\(\Rightarrow\left(R+16\right).0,1=8\\ \Rightarrow R+16=80\\ \Rightarrow R=80-16\\ \Rightarrow R=64\)

R là kim loại Cu

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