a: x/2=-5/y

=>xy=-10

=>\(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(1;-10\right);\left(-10;1\right);\left(-1;10\right);\left(10;-1\right);\left(2;-5\right);\left(-5;2\right);\left(-2;5\right);\left(5;-2\right)\right\}\)

b: =>xy=12

mà x>y>0

nên \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(12;1\right);\left(6;2\right);\left(4;3\right)\right\}\)

c: =>(x-1)(y+1)=3

=>\(\left(x-1;y+1\right)\in\left\{\left(1;3\right);\left(3;1\right);\left(-1;-3\right);\left(-3;-1\right)\right\}\)

=>\(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(2;2\right);\left(4;0\right);\left(0;-4\right);\left(-2;-2\right)\right\}\)

d: =>y(x+2)=5

=>\(\left(x+2;y\right)\in\left\{\left(1;5\right);\left(5;1\right);\left(-1;-5\right);\left(-5;-1\right)\right\}\)

=>\(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(-1;5\right);\left(3;1\right);\left(-3;-5\right);\left(-7;-1\right)\right\}\)

\(\left|x-3\right|+\left|x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right|=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\x-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)( vô lý)

Vậy \(S=\varnothing\)

b: \(\left|x-3\right|+\left|x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right|\ge0\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x\in\varnothing\)

\(a,\Rightarrow4x\left(x^2-9\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow4x\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=3\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\\ b,\Rightarrow\left(3x-5-x-1\right)\left(3x-5+x+1\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left(2x-6\right)\left(4x-4\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow2\left(x-3\right)4\left(x-1\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) \(\Rightarrow4x\left(x^2-9\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow4x\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=3\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(\Rightarrow\left(3x-5-x-1\right)\left(3x-5+x+1\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(2x-6\right)\left(4x-4\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow8\left(x-3\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Phương trình <=> x⁴+x²+1/4 + y²+y+1/4 + 10-2/4=0

<=> (x²+1/2)²+(y+1/2)² + 19/2 =0

Ta nhận thấy: vế trái là 3 số dương, nên tổng của chúng >0 với mọi x,y.

Đs: không có giá trị của x, y thỏa mãn 

Lời giải:
a.

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:

\(\frac{x}{2}=\frac{y}{\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{z}{\frac{4}{3}}=\frac{x-y}{2-\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{15}{\frac{1}{2}}=30\)

\(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x=60\\ y=45\\ z=40\end{matrix}\right.\)

b)

Từ đkđb suy ra \(\frac{10x}{1}=\frac{5y}{\frac{1}{3}}=\frac{z}{\frac{1}{6}}=\frac{10x-5y+z}{1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{6}}=\frac{25}{\frac{5}{6}}=30\)

\(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x=3\\ y=2\\ z=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y\left(x+1\right)+2\left(x+1\right)+9=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(y+2\right)=-9\)

Để x;y nguyên thì:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=3\\y+2=-3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=-3\\y+2=3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=1\\y+2=-9\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=-11\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=-9\\y+2=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-10\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=-1\\y+2=9\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=7\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=9\\y+2=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=8\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(x\left(y+2\right)+y+2=-9\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(y+2\right)=-9\)

\(\Rightarrow x+1;y+2\inƯ\left(-9\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm3;\pm9\right\}\)