a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\); \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{200.14,6\%}{36,5}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,8}{6}\) => Al hết, HCl dư

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

            0,2-->0,6---->0,2----->0,3

=> V_H2 = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72 (l)

b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\\m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,8-0,6\right).36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> m_{chất tan} = 26,7 + 7,3 = 34 (g)

c) m_{dd sau pư} = 5,4 + 200 - 0,3.2 = 204,8 (g)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{26,7}{204,8}.100\%=13,04\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{7,3}{204,8}.100\%=3,56\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\) 
           0,2                       0,2       0,3 
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72L\\ m_{AlCl_3}=133,5.0,2=26,7g\\ m_{\text{dd}}=5,4+200-\left(0,3.2\right)=204,8g\\ C\%=\dfrac{26,7}{204,8}.100\%=13\%\)

\(n_{FeO}=\dfrac{14,4}{72}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{ct}=\dfrac{10,95.200}{100}=21,9\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(FeO+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2O|\)

         1           2             1            1

        0,2       0,6            0,2

a) Lập tỉ số so sánh : \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,6}{2}\)

             ⇒ FeO phản ứng hết , HCl dư

             ⇒ Tính toán dựa vào số mol của FeO

\(n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,6-\left(0,2.2\right)=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)

b) \(n_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{FeCl2}=0,2.127=25,4\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddspu}=14,4+200=214,4\left(g\right)\)

\(C_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{25,4.100}{214,4}=11,85\)⁰/₀

\(C_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{7,3.100}{214,4}=3,4\)⁰/₀

 Chúc bạn học tốt

a,\(n_{FeO}=\dfrac{14,4}{72}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

 \(m_{HCl}=10,95\%.200=21,9\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: FeO + 2HCl → FeCl₂ + H₂O

Mol:      0,2      0,4         0,2

Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,6}{2}\) ⇒ FeO pứ hết ,HCl dư

m_{HCl dư} = (0,6-0,4).36,5 = 7,3 (g)

b, \(m_{FeCl_2}=0,2.127=25,4\left(g\right)\)

c, m_{dd sau pứ} = 14,4+200 = 214,4 (g)

\(C\%_{ddFeCl_2}=\dfrac{25,4.100\%}{214,4}=11,847\%\)

\(C\%_{ddHCldư}=\dfrac{7,3.100\%}{214,4}=3,4\%\)

nCa= 0,2 mol

Ca+ 2H2O \(\rightarrow\) Ca(OH)2+ H2

\(\rightarrow\)nCa(OH)2= nH2= 0,2 mol

m dd spu= 8+200- 0,2.2= 207,6g

C% Ca(OH)2= \(\frac{\text{0,2.74.100}}{207,6}\)= 7,13%

\(n_{CaO}=\dfrac{14}{56}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{ct}=\dfrac{10,95.200}{100}=21,9\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(CaO+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O|\)

          1           2             1            1

         0,25     0,3          0,15

a) Lập tỉ số so sánh : \(\dfrac{0,25}{1}>\dfrac{0,3}{2}\)

                  ⇒ CaO dư , HCl phản ứng hết

                 ⇒ Tính toán dựa vào số mol của HCl

\(n_{CaCl2}=\dfrac{0,3.1}{2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{CaCl2}=0,15.111=16,65\left(g\right)\)

b) \(m_{ddspu}=14+200=214\left(g\right)\)

\(C_{CaCl2}=\dfrac{16,65.100}{214}=7,78\)⁰/₀

 Chúc bạn học tốt

\(a,n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2(mol)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{HCl}=0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{14,6\%}=100(g)\\ b,n_{H_2}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)\\ c,n_{FeCl_2}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.127}{11,2+100-0,2.2}.100\%\approx 22,93\%\)

1.

n_Al=\(\dfrac{5,4}{27}\)=0,2 mol

m_HCl=\(\dfrac{175.14,6}{100}\)=25,55g

n_HCl=\(\dfrac{25,55}{36,5}\)=0,7

                     2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂↑

n trước pứ    0,2     0,7  

n pứ              0,2 →0,6  →    0,2  →  0,3  mol

n sau pứ       hết   dư 0,1

Sau pứ HCl dư.

m_HCl (dư)= 36,5.0,1=3,65g

m_{các chất sau pư}= 5,4 +175 - 0,3.2= 179,8g

m_AlCl3= 133,5.0,2=26,7g

C%_ddHCl (dư)= \(\dfrac{3,65.100}{179,8}=2,03%\)%

C%_ddAlCl3 = \(\dfrac{26,7.100}{179,8}\)= 14,85%

2.

           200ml= 0,2l

m_Mg= \(\dfrac{4,2}{24}=0,175mol\)

    Mg + 2HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂↑

0,175→ 0,35 → 0,175→0,175 mol

a) V_H2= 0,175.22,4=3,92l.

b)C%_dHCl= \(\dfrac{0,35}{0,2}=1,75\)M

Câu 1 : 

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{8.4}{24}=0.35\left(mol\right)\)

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

\(0.35.......0.7.........0.35..........0.35\)

\(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0.7\cdot36.5}{146}\cdot100\%=17.5\%\)

\(m_{\text{dung dịch sau phản ứng}}=8.4+146-0.35\cdot2=153.7\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0.35\cdot95}{153.7}\cdot100\%=21.6\%\)

Câu 2 :

\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{10}{100}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{114.1\cdot8\%}{36.5}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)

\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)

\(1................2\)

\(0.1.............0.25\)

\(LTL:\dfrac{0.1}{1}< \dfrac{0.25}{2}\Rightarrow HCldư\)

\(m_{\text{dung dịch sau phản ứng}}=10+114.1-0.1\cdot44=119.7\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{\left(0.25-0.2\right)\cdot36.5}{119.7}\cdot100\%=1.52\%\)

\(C\%_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{0.2\cdot111}{119.7}\cdot100\%=18.54\%\)

Câu 3 : 

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6.72}{22.4}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(0.3.......0.6......................0.3\)

\(m_{Fe}=0.3\cdot56=16.8\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{dd_{HCl}}=150\cdot1.2=180\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0.6\cdot36.5}{180}\cdot100\%=12.16\%\)

\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.6}{0.15}=4\left(M\right)\)

Ta có: \(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{20}{100}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)

______0,2_______0,4_____0,2____0,2 (mol)

a, \(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{14,6\%}=100\left(g\right)\)

b, \(V_{CO_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

c, m _{dd sau pư} = 20 + 100 - 0,2.44 = 111,2 (g)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.111}{111,2}.100\%\approx19,96\%\)

a, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{HCl}=200.14,6\%=29,2\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{29,2}{36,5}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,3}{1}< \dfrac{0,8}{2}\), ta được HCl dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)

b, \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,3.136=40,8\left(g\right)\)

c, \(n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=2n_{Zn}=0,6\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = 19,5 + 200 - 0,3.2 = 218,9 (g)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{218,9}.100\%\approx3,33\%\\C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{40,8}{218,9}.100\%\approx18,64\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(a)n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3mol\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{200.14,6}{100.36,5}=0,8mol\\ Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{0,3}{1}< \dfrac{0,8}{2}\Rightarrow HCl.dư\\ n_{H_2}=n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,3mol\\ V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72l\\ b)m_{ZnCl_2}=0,3.136=40,8g\\ c)n_{HCl.pư}=0,3.2=0,6mol\\ C_{\%ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{40,8}{200+19,5-0,3.2}\cdot100=18,64\%\\ C_{\%HCl.dư}=\dfrac{\left(0,8-0,6\right).36,5}{200+19,5-0,3.2}\cdot100=3,33\%\)