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Bài 1:

a, \(\dfrac{2}{3}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{5}\). \(\dfrac{10}{7}\)

= \(\dfrac{2}{3}\) + \(\dfrac{2}{7}\) 

= \(\dfrac{20}{21}\)

b, \(\dfrac{7}{12}\) - \(\dfrac{27}{7}\). \(\dfrac{1}{18}\)

= \(\dfrac{7}{12}\) - \(\dfrac{3}{14}\)

= \(\dfrac{31}{84}\)

c, \(\dfrac{3}{10}\). \(\dfrac{-5}{6}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{8}\)

= - \(\dfrac{1}{4}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{8}\)

= - \(\dfrac{3}{8}\)

d, - \(\dfrac{4}{9}\): \(\dfrac{8}{3}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{18}\)

= - \(\dfrac{1}{6}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{18}\)

= - \(\dfrac{1}{9}\)

e,  {[(\(\dfrac{1}{2}\) - \(\dfrac{2}{3}\))² : 2 ] - 1}. \(\dfrac{4}{5}\)

= {[ (-\(\dfrac{1}{6}\))² : 2] - 1}. \(\dfrac{4}{5}\)

= { [\(\dfrac{1}{36}\) : 2] - 1}. \(\dfrac{4}{5}\)

= { \(\dfrac{1}{72}\) - 1}. \(\dfrac{4}{5}\)

=- \(\dfrac{71}{72}\).\(\dfrac{4}{5}\)

= -\(\dfrac{71}{90}\)

g, [(\(\dfrac{32}{25}\) +1): \(\dfrac{2}{3}\)].(\(\dfrac{3}{4}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{8}\))²

= [ \(\dfrac{57}{25}\) : \(\dfrac{2}{3}\)].(\(\dfrac{5}{8}\))²

= \(\dfrac{171}{50}\). \(\dfrac{25}{64}\)

= \(\dfrac{171}{28}\)

a) \(\dfrac{A}{x-2}=\dfrac{x^2+3x+2}{x^2-4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{A}{x-2}=\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{A}{x-2}=\dfrac{x+1}{x-2}\Leftrightarrow A=x+1\)

b) \(\dfrac{M}{x-1}=\dfrac{x^2+3x+2}{x+1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{M}{x-1}=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}{x+1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{M}{x-1}=x+2\Leftrightarrow M=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)=x^2+x-2\)

\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)

=>\(\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc=0\)

=>\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)

=>\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2-3ab\right)=0\)

=>\(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc=0\)

=>\(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2ac-2bc=0\)

=>\(\left(a^2-2ba+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2cb+c^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)=0\)

=>\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2=0\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\a-c=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)

\(A=\dfrac{a^{2023}}{b^{2023}}+\dfrac{b^{2023}}{c^{2023}}+\dfrac{c^{2023}}{a^{2023}}\)

\(=\dfrac{a^{2023}}{a^{2023}}+\dfrac{b^{2023}}{b^{2023}}+\dfrac{c^{2023}}{c^{2023}}\)

=1+1+1

=3

a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-7>0.\\5x+1>0.\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x>7.\\5x>-1.\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>\dfrac{7}{2}.\\x>\dfrac{-1}{5}.\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow x>\dfrac{7}{2}.\) \(\Rightarrow x\in\left(\dfrac{7}{2};+\infty\right).\)

Kết luận: Tập nghiệm của hệ bất phương trình trên là \(x\in\left(\dfrac{7}{2};+\infty\right).\)

b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(2x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)>0.\\7x-5< 0.\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\text{​​}\text{​​}\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(2x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)>0.\left(1\right)\\x< \dfrac{5}{7}.\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Xét (1): 

 \(2x+3=0.\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-3}{2}.\\ x-1=0.\Leftrightarrow x=1.\)

Bảng xét dấu:

\(x\)                           \(-\infty\)             \(\dfrac{-3}{2}\)                \(1\)               \(+\infty\)          

\(2x+3\)                             -          \(0\)       +          |       +

\(x-1\)                               -          |         -          \(0\)      +

\(\left(2x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)\)              +         \(0\)         -          \(0\)      +

Vậy \(\left(2x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)>0.\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-3}{2}< x< 1.\)

Kết hợp với (2).

\(\Rightarrow\) \(\dfrac{-3}{2}< x< \dfrac{5}{7}.\)

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left(\dfrac{-3}{2};\dfrac{5}{7}\right).\)

Kết luận: Tập nghiệm của hệ bất phương trình trên là \(x\in\left(\dfrac{-3}{2};\dfrac{5}{7}\right).\)