a)

$K_2SO_4 + BaCl_2 \to BaSO_4 + 2KCl$

b)

$n_{K_2SO_4} = 0,2.2 = 0,4(mol)$
$n_{BaCl_2} = 0,3.1 = 0,3(mol)$

Ta thấy : 

$n_{K_2SO_4} : 1 > n_{BaCl_2} : 1$ nên $K_2SO_4$ dư

$n_{BaSO_4} = n_{BaCl_2} = 0,3(mol)$
$m_{BaSO_4} = 0,3.233 = 69,9(gam)$

c) $n_{K_2SO_4} = 0,4 - 0,3 = 0,1(mol)$

$V_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 0,2 + 0,3 = 0,5(lít)$

$C_{M_{K_2SO_4} } = \dfrac{0,1}{0,5} = 0,2M$
$C_{M_{KCl}} = \dfrac{0,6}{0,5} = 1,2M$

1/ nNaCl=5,85/58,5=0,1 mol. 
nAgNO3=34/170=0,2 mol. 
PTPU: NaCl+AgNO3=>AgCl+NaNO3 
vì NaCl và AgNO3 phan ung theo ti le 1:1 (nAgNO3 p.u=nNaCl=0,1 mol) 
=>AgNO3 du 
nAgNO3 du= 0,2-0,1=0,1 mol. 
Ta tinh luong san pham theo chat p.u het la NaCl 
sau p.u co: AgNO3 du:0,1 mol; AgCl ket tua va NaCl: nAgCl=nNaNO3=nNaCl=0,1 mol.V(dd)=300+200=500ml=0,5 ()l 
=>khoi lg ket tua: mAgCl=0,1.143,5=14,35 g 
C(M)AgNO3=C(M)NaNO3=n/V=0,1/0,5=0,2 M

a, PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

\(MgCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Mg\left(OH\right)_{2\downarrow}\)

\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}MgO+H_2O\)

b, Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{9,6}{24}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,8}{0,2}=4\left(M\right)\)

c, Theo PT: \(n_{MgO}=n_{Mg}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{MgO}=0,4.40=16\left(g\right)\)

Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{BaSO_4}=\dfrac{11,65}{233}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(Mg+CuSO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+Cu\)

x------>x--------->x------------>x

\(2Al+3CuSO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3Cu\)

y------>1,5y-------->0,5y-------->1,5y

Có hệ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+27y=0,78\\x+1,5y=\dfrac{2,56}{64}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,01\\y=0,02\end{matrix}\right.\)

Giả sử \(CuSO_4\) phản ứng hết, dung dịch C có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgSO_4}=x=0,01\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,5y=0,5.0,02=0,01\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(MgSO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow MgCl_2+BaSO_4\) (1)

0,01-------------------------------->0,01

\(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3BaCl_2\rightarrow3BaSO_4+2AlCl_3\) (2)

0,01------------------------>0,03

Từ PTHH (1), (2) có: \(\Sigma n_{BaSO_4}=0,01+0,03=0,04\left(mol\right)< 0,05\left(mol\right)_{theo.đề}\)

=> Giả sử sai, \(CuSO_4\) dư 

\(CuSO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_4+CuCl_2\)

0,01<-----------------0,01

\(CM_{CuSO_4}=a=\dfrac{x+1,5y+0,01}{0,2}=\dfrac{0,01+1,5.0,02+0,01}{0,2}=0,25\left(M\right)\)

Trong A:

\(n_{Al}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Mg}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{AgNO3}=0,3\cdot1=0,3\) (mol)

n_HCl =0,5 . 0,5= 0,25 (mol)

_{AgNO3 + HCl -----> \(AgCl\downarrow+HNO3\)}

0,25<--- 0,25--->0,25---->0,25

=>\(n_{AgCl}=0,25\) (mol)

m_AgCl =0,25 . 143,5=35,875(g)

b)\(m_{dd_{ }sau_{ }pứ}\)=300 +500=800(ml)

m_HNO3 =0,25 . 63 =15,75(g)

C_%HNO3= \(\dfrac{15,75}{800}\cdot100\%=1,96\%\)

n_{AgNO3 dư} =0,3 - 0,25 =0,05 (mol)

m_{AgNO3 dư} =0,05 . 143,5=7,175(g)

\(C_{\%AgNO3_{ }dư}\)=\(\dfrac{7,175}{800}\cdot100\%=0,897\%\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=1.0,2=0,2(mol)\\ H_2SO_4+BaCl_2\to BaSO_4\downarrow+2HCl\\ \Rightarrow n_{BaSO_4}=n_{BaCl_2}=0,2(mol)\\ a,m_{BaSO_4}=0,2.233=46,6(g)\\ b,V_{dd_{BaCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{1,5}\approx 0,13(l)\\ c,n_{HCl}=0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,2+0,13}\approx 1,21M\)

\(d,\) Dd sau p/ứ là HCl nên làm quỳ tím hóa đỏ

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ H_2SO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_4+2HCl\\ n_{BaCl_2}=n_{BaSO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=2.0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ a,m_{\downarrow}=m_{BaSO_4}=0,2.233=46,6\left(g\right)\\ b,V_{\text{dd}BaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{1,5}=\dfrac{2}{15}\left(l\right)\\ c,C_{M\text{dd}HCl}=\dfrac{0,4}{\dfrac{2}{15}+0,2}=1,2\left(M\right)\\ d,V\text{ì}.c\text{ó}.\text{dd}.HCl\Rightarrow Qu\text{ỳ}.ho\text{á}.\text{đ}\text{ỏ}\)

200ml = 0,2l

\(n_{H2SO4}=1.0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(BaCl_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4+2HCl|\)

           1           1                  1              2

          0,2        0,2               0,2           0,4

a) \(n_{BaSO4}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{BaSO4}=0,2.233=46,6\left(g\right)\)

b) \(n_{BaCl2}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{ddBaCl2}=\dfrac{0,2}{1,5}=\dfrac{2}{15}\left(l\right)=133,33\left(ml\right)\)

c) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,2.2}{1}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{ddspu}=0,2+\dfrac{2}{15}=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(l\right)\)

\(C_{M_{ddHCl}}=\dfrac{0,4}{\dfrac{1}{3}}=1,2\left(M\right)\)

d) Cho quỳ tím vào dung dịch sau phản ứng , quỳ tím hóa đỏ. Vì dung dịch thu được sau phản ứng có HCl là axit

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