a) 2x = 16 <=>x=8

b) 3x+1 = 9x <=>9x-3x=1

<=>6x=1 <=>x=1/6

c) 23x+2 = 4x+5 <=>23x-4x=5-2

<=>19x=3 <=>x=3/19

d) 32x-1 = 243 <=>32x=244

<=>x=61/8

a/ 2x=16

x=8

b/ 3x+1=9x

3x-9x=-1

-6x=-1

x=1/6

c/ 23x+2=4x

23x-4x=-2

19x=-2

x=-2/19

d/ 32x-1=243

32x=244

x=61/8

\(1,\\ a,2^x=16=2^4\Rightarrow x=4\\ b,3^{x+1}=9^x=3^{2x}\\ \Rightarrow x+1=2x\Rightarrow x=1\\ c,2^{3x+2}=4^{x+5}=2^{2\left(x+5\right)}\\ \Rightarrow3x+2=2x+10\Rightarrow x=8\\ d,3^{2x-1}=243=3^5\\ \Rightarrow2x-1=5\Rightarrow x=3\\ 2,\\ a,2^{225}=8^{75}< 9^{75}=3^{150}\\ b,2^{91}=\left(2^{13}\right)^7=8192^7>3125^7=\left(5^5\right)^7=5^{35}\\ c,99^{20}=\left(99^2\right)^{10}< \left(99\cdot101\right)^{10}=9999^{10}\\ 3,\\ a,12^8\cdot9^{12}=2^{16}\cdot3^8\cdot3^{24}=2^{16}\cdot3^{32}=\left(2\cdot3^2\right)^{16}=18^{16}\\ b,75^{20}=\left(3\cdot5^2\right)^{20}=3^{20}\cdot5^{40}=\left(3^{20}\cdot5^{10}\right)\cdot5^{30}=\left(3^2\cdot5\right)^{10}\cdot5^{30}=45^{10}\cdot5^{30}\)

Bài 1:

a) \(\Rightarrow2^x=2^4\Rightarrow x=4\)

b) \(\Rightarrow3^{x+1}=3^{2x}\Rightarrow x+1=2x\Rightarrow x=1\)

c) \(\Rightarrow2^{3x+2}=2^{2x+10}\Rightarrow3x+2=2x+10\Rightarrow x=8\)

d) \(\Rightarrow3^{2x-1}=3^5\Rightarrow2x-1=5\Rightarrow x=3\)

Bài 2:

a) \(2^{225}=\left(2^3\right)^{75}=8^{75}< 9^{75}=\left(3^2\right)^{75}=3^{150}\)

b) \(2^{91}=\left(2^{13}\right)^7=8192^7>3125^7=\left(5^5\right)^7=5^{35}\)

c) \(99^{20}=\left(99^2\right)^{10}=9801^{10}< 9999^{10}\)

Bài 3:

a) \(12^8.9^{12}=\left(4.3\right)^8.9^{12}=4^8.3^8.9^{12}=2^{16}.9^4.9^{12}=2^{16}.9^{16}=\left(2.9\right)^{16}=18^{16}\)

b) \(75^{20}=\left(75^2\right)^{10}=5625^{10}=\left(45.125\right)^{10}=45^{10}.125^{10}=45^{10}.5^{30}\)

cho c xl nha em :( c ko bt em la ai thật 

.

\(a,\Rightarrow\left(4x-1\right)^2=25=5^2=\left(-5\right)^2\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4x-1=5\\4x-1=-5\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3}{2}\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\\ b,\Rightarrow2^x\left(1+2^3\right)=144\\ \Rightarrow2^x=144:9=16=2^4\Rightarrow x=4\\ c,\Rightarrow3^{2x+3}=3^{2\left(x+3\right)}\\ \Rightarrow2x+3=2x+6\Rightarrow0x=3\left(vô.lí\right)\\ \Rightarrow x\in\varnothing\)

a) \(2^x\cdot4=16\)

\(\Rightarrow2^x=16:4\)

\(\Rightarrow2^x=4\)

\(\Rightarrow2^x=2^2\)

\(\Rightarrow x=2\)

b) \(3^x\cdot3=243\)

\(\Rightarrow3^x=243:3\)

\(\Rightarrow3^x=81\)

\(\Rightarrow3^x=3^4\)

\(\Rightarrow x=4\)

b) Ta có: \(B=x^2+2x+y^2-4y+6\)

\(=x^2+2x+1+y^2-4y+4+1\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+1\ge1\forall x,y\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: \(B_{min}=1\) khi (x,y)=(-1;2)

c) Ta có: \(C=4x^2+4x+9y^2-6y-5\)

\(=4x^2+4x+1+9y^2-6y+1-7\)

\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2+\left(3y-1\right)^2-7\ge-7\forall x,y\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: \(C_{min}=-7\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(A=2x^2+x=2\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{2}x\right)=2\left(x^2+2.\dfrac{1}{4}x+\dfrac{1}{16}-\dfrac{1}{16}\right)\)

\(=2\left[\left(x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{16}\right]\ge-\dfrac{1}{8}\) dấu"=' xảy ra<=>x=\(-\dfrac{1}{4}\)

\(B=x^2+2x+y^2-4y+6\)

\(=x^2+2x+1+y^2-4y+4+1=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+1\)

\(\ge1\) dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=-1;y=2

\(C=4x^2+4x+9y^2-6y-5\)

\(=4x^2+4x+1+9y^2-6y+1-7\)

\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2+\left(3y-1\right)^2-7\ge-7\)

dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=\(-\dfrac{1}{2},y=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

\(D=\left(2+x\right)\left(x+4\right)-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)^2\)

=\(x^2+6x+8-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)^2\)

\(=\left(x+3\right)^2-1-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)^2\)

\(=\left(x+3\right)^2\left(2-x\right)-1\ge-1\)

dấu"=" xảy ra\(< =>\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

a: \(B=\dfrac{3x\left(2x-3\right)-4\left(2x+3\right)-4x^2+23x+12}{\left(2x-3\right)\left(2x+3\right)}\cdot\dfrac{2x+3}{x+3}\)

\(=\dfrac{6x^2-9x-8x-12-4x^2+23x+12}{2x-3}\cdot\dfrac{1}{x+3}\)

\(=\dfrac{2x^2+6x}{\left(2x-3\right)}\cdot\dfrac{1}{x+3}=\dfrac{2x}{2x-3}\)

b: 2x^2+7x+3=0

=>(2x+3)(x+2)=0

=>x=-3/2(loại) hoặc x=-2(nhận)

Khi x=-2 thì \(A=\dfrac{2\cdot\left(-2\right)}{-2-3}=\dfrac{-4}{-7}=\dfrac{4}{7}\)

d: |B|<1

=>B>-1 và B<1

=>B+1>0 và B-1<0

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2x+2x-3}{2x-3}>0\\\dfrac{2x-2x+3}{2x-3}< 0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-3< 0\\\dfrac{4x-3}{2x-3}>0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x< \dfrac{3}{4}\)

Lời giải:

a) 

$3^{2x+1}.7^y=9.21^x=3^2.(3.7)^x=3^{2+x}.7^x$

Vì $x,y$ là số tự nhiên nên suy ra $2x+1=2+x$ và $y=x$

$\Rightarrow x=y=1$

b) \(\frac{27^x}{3^{2x-y}}=\frac{3^{3x}}{3^{2x-y}}=3^{x+y}=243=3^5\Rightarrow x+y=5(1)\)

\(\frac{25^x}{5^{x+y}}=\frac{5^{2x}}{5^{x+y}}=5^{x-y}=125=5^3\Rightarrow x-y=3\) $(2)$

Từ $(1);(2)\Rightarrow x=4; y=1$

a) \(\left(2x-3\right)\left(x+2\right)-\left(4x-2\right)\left(x-5\right)=-16\)

\(\Rightarrow2x^2+x-6-4x^2+22x-10=-16\)

\(\Rightarrow2x^2-23x=0\Rightarrow x\left(2x-23\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{23}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(7x^2-7=x^2-2x+1\)

\(\Rightarrow7\left(x^2-1\right)-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow7\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)-\left(x-1\right)^2=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(7x+7-x+1\right)=0\Rightarrow2\left(x-1\right)\left(3x+4\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-\dfrac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) \(\left(2x-3\right)\left(x+2\right)-\left(4x-2\right)\left(x-5\right)=-16\)

 \(2x^2+x-6-4x^2+22x-10=-16\)

 \(-2x^2+23x-16=-16\)

\(23x-2x^2=0\)

\(x\left(23-2x\right)=0\)

⇔ \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{23}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(7x^2-7=x^2-2x+1\)

\(7\left(x^2-1\right)=\left(x-1\right)^2\)

\(7\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)-\left(x-1\right)^2=0\)

\(\left(7x+7\right)\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)^2=0\)

\(\left(x-1\right)\left(7x+7-x+1\right)=0\)

\(\left(x-1\right)\left(6x+8\right)=0\)

⇔ \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-\dfrac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bài 3: 

a: \(x^2-16=\left(x-4\right)\cdot\left(x+4\right)\)

b: \(x^2+2x+1-y^2=\left(x+1+y\right)\left(x+1-y\right)\)

c: \(=\left(x-y\right)^2-4=\left(x-y-2\right)\left(x-y+2\right)\)