a. PTHH:

\(Ca+2H_2O--->Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\left(1\right)\)

\(CaO+H_2O--->Ca\left(OH\right)_2\left(2\right)\)

b. Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT₍₁₎: \(n_{Ca}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Ca}=0,1.40=4\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\%_{m_{Ca}}=\dfrac{4}{9,6}.100\%=41,7\%\)

\(\%_{m_{CaO}}=100\%-41,7\%=58,3\%\)

c. Ta có: \(n_{CaO}=\dfrac{9,6-4}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Ta có: \(n_{hh}=0,1+0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT_(1,2): \(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{hh}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2.74=14,8\left(g\right)\)

a)  Ca+2H₂O→Ca(OH)₂+H₂

      0,1                  0,1       0,1         mol

     CaO+H₂O→Ca(OH)₂

        0,1               0,1                mol

b)nH₂=2,24/22,4=0,1 mol

mCa=0,1.40=4 g

%mCa=4/9,6 .100%=41,6 %

%mCaO=100%-41,6%=58,4%

c)mCaO=9,6-4=5,6 g

nCaO=5,6/56= 0,1 mol

mCa(OH)₂=0,1.148=14,8 g

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\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:

Ca + 2H₂O ---> Ca(OH)₂ + H₂

0,1<-------------0,1<---------0,1

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Ca}=0,1.40=4\left(g\right)\\m_{CaO}=9,6-4=5,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Ca}=\dfrac{4}{9,6}.100\%=41,67\%\\\%m_{CaO}=100\%-41,67\%=58,33\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{CaO}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: CaO + H₂O ---> Ca(OH)₂

          0,1------------------>0,1

=> \(m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=\left(0,1+0,1\right).74=14,8\left(g\right)\)

\(\text{Đặt }n_{Al}=x(mol);n_{Fe}=y(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 27x+56y=13,9(1)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35(mol)\\ a,PTHH:2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2(1)\\ Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2(2)\\ b,\text{Từ 2 PT: }1,5x+y=0,35(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=0,1(mol);y=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7(g)\\ m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2(g)\)

\(c,n_{HCl(1)}=3n_{Al}=0,3(mol);n_{AlCl_3}=0,1(mol);n_{H_2(1)}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl(1)}}=\dfrac{0,3.36,5}{14,6\%}=75(g)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,1.133,5}{2,7+75-0,15.2}.100\%=17,25\%\)

\(n_{HCl(2)}=2n_{Fe}=0,4(mol);n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2(2)}=n_{Fe}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m{dd_{HCl(2)}}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{14,6\%}=100(g)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.127}{11,2+100-0,2.2}.100\%=22,92\%\)

a) 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

b) Gọi số mol Al, Fe lần lượt là a,b 

=> 27a + 56b = 13,9

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)

2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

a----->3a--------->a------->1,5a______(mol)

Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

b------>2b-------->b----->b__________(mol)

=> 1,5a + b = 0,35

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1=>m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\\b=0,2=>m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) n_HCl = 3a + 2b = 0,7 (mol)

=> m_HCl = 0,7.36,5 = 25,55(g)

=> \(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{25,55.100}{14,6}=175\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{dd\left(saupu\right)}=13,9+175-2.0,35=188,2\left(g\right)\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_2}=0,2.127=25,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%\left(AlCl_3\right)=\dfrac{13,35}{188,2}.100\%=7,1\%\\C\%\left(FeCl_2\right)=\dfrac{25,4}{188,2}.100\%=13,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bài 14: 

a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{12,395}{24,79}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Ca + 2H₂O --> Ca(OH)₂ + H₂

            0,5<--------------0,5<----0,5

=> m_Ca = 0,5.40 = 20 (g)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Ca}=\dfrac{20}{34}.100\%=58,82\%\\\%m_{CaO}=100\%-58,82\%=41,18\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) b phải là khối lượng bazo thu được chứ nhỉ..., sao tính đc m dung dịch

 \(n_{CaO}=\dfrac{34-20}{56}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: CaO + H₂O --> Ca(OH)₂ 

            0,25---------->0,25

=> m_Ca(OH)2 = (0,5 + 0,25).74 = 55,5 (g)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{12,395}{24,79}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(Ca+2H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\)

0,5                           0,5               0,5  ( mol )

( \(CaO+H_2O\) không giải phóng \(H_2\) )

\(m_{Ca}=0,5.40=20g\)

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Ca}=\dfrac{20}{34}.100=58,82\%\\\%m_{CaO}=100\%-58,82\%=41,18\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{CaO}=\dfrac{34-20}{56}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(CaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2\)

0,25                       0,25       ( mol )

\(m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=\left(0,5+0,25\right).74=55,5g\)

tk

Ca (2479/4480 mol) + 2H₂O \(\rightarrow\) Ca(OH)₂ (2479/4480 mol) + H₂ (2479/4480 mol).

CaO (1329/6272 mol) + H₂O \(\rightarrow\) Ca(OH)₂ (1329/6272 mol).

a) Số mol khí H₂ thoát ra là 12,395:22,4=2479/4480 (mol).

%m_Ca=2479/4480.40/34\(\approx\)65,1%, %m_CaO\(\approx\)100%-65,1%\(\approx\)34,9%.

b) Số mol CaO là (34-2479/4480.40):56=1329/6272 (mol).

Khối lượng dung dịch base thu được là (2479/4480+1329/6272).74\(\approx\)56,63 (g).

a)

Dung dịch X gồm $Ca(OH)_2,Ba(OH)_2$ làm đổi màu quỳ tím chuyển màu xanh.

b)

$Ca + 2H_2O \to Ca(OH)_2 + H_2$
$Ba + 2H_2O \to Ba(OH)_2 + H_2$

Gọi $n_{Ca} = a ; n_{Ba} = b$

Ta có :

$m_{hh} = 40a + 137b = 17,7(gam)$
$n_{H_2} = a + b = 0,2(mol)$

Suy ra a = b = 0,1

$\%m_{Ca} = \dfrac{0,1.40}{17,7}.100\% = 22,6\%$
$\%m_{Ba} = 100\%-22,6\% = 77,4\%$

c)

$n_{Ca(OH)_2} = n_{Ba(OH)_2} = a = b = 0,1(mol)$
$m_{Ca(OH)_2} = 0,1.74 = 7,4(gam)$
$m_{Ba(OH)_2} = 0,1.171 = 17,1(gam)$