2:

a: =>2x^2-4x-2=x^2-x-2

=>x^2-3x=0

=>x=0(loại) hoặc x=3

b: =>(x+1)(x+4)<0

=>-4<x<-1

d: =>x^2-2x-7=-x^2+6x-4

=>2x^2-8x-3=0

=>\(x=\dfrac{4\pm\sqrt{22}}{2}\)

\(\sqrt{x^2+2x+2}+\sqrt{x^2+4x+8}=\sqrt{10}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2+4x+8}=\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{x^2+2x+2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{x^2+4x+8}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{x^2+2x+2}\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+4x+8=2\sqrt{10\left(x^2+2x+2\right)}+x^2+2x+12\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x-4=2\sqrt{10\left(x^2+2x+2\right)}\Leftrightarrow x-2=\sqrt{10x^2+20x+20}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{10x^2+20x+20}\right)^2\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+4=10x^2+20x+20\)

\(\Leftrightarrow9x^2+24x+16=0\Leftrightarrow\left(3x+4\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow3x+4=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{4}{3}\)

Thử lại thấy x=-4/3 thỏa mãn là nghiệm của pt

Đk: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2-1\ge0\\3x^2+4x+1\ge0\\x+1\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\ge0\\3\left(x+\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\left(x+1\right)\ge0\\x\ge-1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\ge1\\x\le-1\end{matrix}\right.\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-\dfrac{1}{3}\\x\le-1\end{matrix}\right.\\x\ge-1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow x=-1\)

Thay x=-1 vào pt thấy thỏa mãn

Vậy pt có nghiệm duy nhất x=-1

Bài làm sai rồi.

\(x=5\) vẫn thỏa mãn.

b: Ta có: \(\sqrt{4x+8}+\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt{9x+18}=3\sqrt{\dfrac{x+2}{4}}+\sqrt{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x+2}+\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot3\sqrt{x+2}-\dfrac{3}{2}\sqrt{x+2}=\sqrt{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+2}\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}=\sqrt{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+2}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}}{3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+2=\dfrac{8}{9}\)

hay \(x=-\dfrac{10}{9}\)

a.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge3\)

(Tốt nhất bạn kiểm tra lại đề cái căn đầu tiên của \(\sqrt{x-3}\) là căn bậc 2 hay căn bậc 3). Vì nhìn ĐKXĐ thì thấy căn bậc 2 là không hợp lý rồi đó

Pt tương đương:

\(\sqrt{x-3}+\sqrt[3]{x^2+1}+\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\)

Do \(x\ge3\Rightarrow x-2>0\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)>0\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-3}+\sqrt[3]{x^2+1}+\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)>0\)

Pt vô nghiệm

b.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Pt: \(2x+3-\sqrt{2x+3}-\left(4x^2-6x+2\right)=0\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{2x+3}=t\ge0\) ta được:

\(t^2-t-\left(4x^2-6x+2\right)=0\)

\(\Delta=1+4\left(4x^2-6x+2\right)=\left(4x-3\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t_1=\dfrac{1+4x-3}{2}=2x-1\\t_2=\dfrac{1-4x+3}{2}=2-2x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{2x+3}=2x-1\left(x\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\\\sqrt{2x+3}=2-2x\left(x\le1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+3=4x^2-4x+1\left(x\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\\2x+3=4x^2-8x+4\left(x\le1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3+\sqrt{17}}{4}\\x=\dfrac{5-\sqrt{21}}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)

c.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+2\left(x+1\right)-5\left(x-2\right)\sqrt{x+1}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x-2\right)^2-5\left(x-2\right)\sqrt{x+1}+2\left(x+1\right)=0\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2=a\\\sqrt{x+1}=b\end{matrix}\right.\) ta được:

\(2a^2-5ab+2b^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2b\right)\left(2a-b\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=2b\\2a=b\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2\sqrt{x+1}=x-2\left(x\ge2\right)\\\sqrt{x+1}=2x-4\left(x\ge2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4x+4=x^2-4x+4\\x+1=4x^2-16x+16\end{matrix}\right.\) (\(x\ge2\))

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=8\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\) (đã loại nghiệm)