câu này quen ha

cái này giả sử x+1>=y-5, rồi cho chúng = nhau

hoặc liên hợp cũng được (PT1)

1) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}=5\\2\sqrt{x}+3\sqrt{y}=18\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}9\sqrt{x}-3\sqrt{y}=15\\2\sqrt{x}+3\sqrt{y}=18\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}11\sqrt{x}=33\\3\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=3\\\sqrt{y}=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=9\\y=16\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: Hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất là \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=9\\y=16\end{matrix}\right.\)

2) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+3}-2\sqrt{y+1}=2\\2\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{y+1}=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-2\sqrt{x+3}+4\sqrt{y+1}=-4\\2\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{y+1}=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5\sqrt{y+1}=0\\\sqrt{x+3}-2\sqrt{y+1}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{y+1}=0\\\sqrt{x+3}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y+1=0\\x+3=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-1\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: Hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất là \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

4. Đk: \(x,y\ge0\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y+1}=1\\\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x+1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\left(1\right)\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y+1}\ge0+1=1\\\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x+1}\ge0+1=1\end{matrix}\right.\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=0,\sqrt{x+1}=1\\\sqrt{y}=0,\sqrt{y+1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)<tmđk>

Vậy hệ pt có nghiệm \(\left(x,y\right)=\left(0;0\right)\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{y-3}=5\\3\sqrt{x}=5+\dfrac{1}{y-3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{y-3}=5\\3\sqrt{x}-\dfrac{1}{y-3}=5\end{matrix}\right.\) 

ĐK: \(x\ge0;y\ge3\).

Đặt \(\sqrt{x}=a;\dfrac{1}{y-3}=b\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a+b=5\\3a-b=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\b=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Trả ẩn: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=2\\\dfrac{1}{y-3}=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy hệ pt có nghiệm: \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(4;4\right)\).

Bài 1:

Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}S=x+y\\P=xy\end{cases}}\) hpt thành:

\(\hept{\begin{cases}S^2-P=3\\S+P=9\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S^2-P=3\\S=9-P\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\left(9-P\right)^2-P=3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}P=6\Rightarrow S=3\\P=13\Rightarrow S=-4\end{cases}}\).Thay 2 trường hợp S và P vào ta tìm dc

\(\hept{\begin{cases}x=3\\y=0\end{cases}}\)và\(\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\y=3\end{cases}}\)

Câu 3: ĐK: \(x\ge0\)

Ta thấy \(x-\sqrt{x-1}=0\Rightarrow x=\sqrt{x-1}\Rightarrow x^2-x+1=0\) (Vô lý), vì thế \(x-\sqrt{x-1}\ne0.\)

Khi đó \(pt\Leftrightarrow\frac{3\left[x^2-\left(x-1\right)\right]}{x+\sqrt{x-1}}=x+\sqrt{x-1}\Rightarrow3\left(x-\sqrt{x-1}\right)=x+\sqrt{x-1}\)

\(\Rightarrow2x-4\sqrt{x-1}=0\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{x-1}=t\Rightarrow x=t^2+1\Rightarrow2\left(t^2+1\right)-4t=0\Rightarrow t=1\Rightarrow x=2\left(tm\right)\)

Câu 3 :

ĐKXĐ : \(x\ge1\)

\(3\left(x^2-x+1\right)=\left(x+\sqrt{x-1}\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left[x^2-\left(x-1\right)\right]=\left(x+\sqrt{x-1}\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x-\sqrt{x-1}\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x-1}\right)=\left(x+\sqrt{x-1}\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\sqrt{x-1}\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x-1}-3x+3\sqrt{x-1}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x-1}\right)\left(4\sqrt{x-1}-2x\right)=0\)

Tới đây thì dễ rồi ^^

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x+y}}-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x-y}}=4\\\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x+y}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x-y}}=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đặt: \(t=\sqrt{x+y}\) và \(k=\sqrt{x-y}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{t}-\dfrac{2}{k}=4\\\dfrac{2}{t}+\dfrac{1}{k}=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta lại đặt: \(a=\dfrac{1}{t}\) và \(u=\dfrac{1}{k}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a-2u=4\\2a+u=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a-2u=4\\4a+2u=10\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a-2u=4\\7a=14\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6-2u=4\\a=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=1\\a=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mà: 

\(u=1\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{k}=1\Rightarrow k=1\)

\(a=2\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{t}=2\Rightarrow t=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Ta lại có:

\(k=1\Rightarrow\sqrt{x+y}=1\)

\(t=\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-y}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Ta có hệ:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-y}=1\\\sqrt{x+y}=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=1\\x+y=\dfrac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=1\\2x=\dfrac{5}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{5}{8}-y=1\\x=\dfrac{5}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-\dfrac{3}{8}\\x=\dfrac{5}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(x-\dfrac{5}{8};y=-\dfrac{3}{8}\)

Đặt 1/căn x+y=a; 1/căn x-y=b

Theo đề, ta có hệ:

3a-2b=4 và 2a+b=5

=>a=2 và b=1

=>x+y=1/4 và x-y=1

=>x=5/8 và y=-3/8

Bài 2: 

Ta có: \(A=\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}+\sqrt{7-3\sqrt{5}}-\sqrt{2}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}}+\sqrt{14-6\sqrt{5}}-2}{\sqrt{2}}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}+1+3-\sqrt{5}-2}{\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{2}\)

Ta có: \(\sqrt{8x-y+5}+\sqrt{x+y-1}=3\sqrt{x}+2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow8x-y+5+x+y-1+2\sqrt{\left(8x-y+5\right)\left(x+y-1\right)}=9x+12\sqrt{x}+4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow9x+4+2\sqrt{8x^2-y^2+7xy-3x+6y-5}=9x+4+12\sqrt{x}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{8x^2-y^2+7xy-3x+6y-5}=6\sqrt{x}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow8x^2-y^2+7xy-3x+6y-5=36x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow8x^2-y^2+7xy-39x+6y-5=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(8x^2+8xy-40x\right)-y^2-xy-5+x+6y=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow8x\left(x+y-5\right)-\left(y^2+xy-5y\right)+\left(x+y-5\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-5\right)\left(8x-y+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}y=5-x\\y=8x+1\end{cases}}\)

Thay vào pt dưới ta có:

\(\sqrt{xy}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}=\sqrt{8x-y+5}\left(1\right)\)

+) với y=5-x (1) thành:

\(\sqrt{x\left(5-x\right)}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}=\sqrt{8x-\left(5-x\right)+5}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{5x-x^2}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}=\sqrt{9x}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{5x^2-x^3}+1=3x\)\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{5x^2-x^3}=3x-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge\frac{1}{3}\\5x^2-x^3=9x^2-6x+1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge\frac{1}{3}\\x^3+4x^2-6x+1=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge\frac{1}{3}\\x=1\left(tm\right)\end{cases}}}\)

Với x=1=>y=4