Bài 1: 

b) Ta có: \(\left(2n-3\right)\left(2n+3\right)-4n\left(n-9\right)\)

\(=4n^2-9-4n^2+36n\)

\(=36n-9⋮9\)

\(n^4+2n^3+2n^2+2n+1=\left(n^4+2n^3+n^2\right)+\left(n^2+2n+1\right)=\left(n^2+1\right)\left(n+1\right)^2\)

Voi n=0 

=>n⁴+2n³+2n²+2n+1=1=1²

Em xin mạn phép sửa đề: Chứng minh với mọi số nguyên n thì A (là cái biểu thức bên trên) luôn không âm.

Ta có: \(A=n^2\left(n+1\right)^2+\left(n+1\right)^2=\left(n+1\right)^2\left(n^2+1\right)\ge0\)

Suy ra đpcm.

Câu hỏi của Nghĩa Nguyễn - Toán lớp 9 - Học toán với OnlineMath

giúp mình nhanh lên các bạn ơi

Lời giải:

Ta có: \(4+(2n-1)^4=[(2n-1)^2+2]^2-[2(2n-1)]^2\)

\(=[(2n-1)^2+2-2(2n-1)][(2n-1)^2+2+2(2n-1)]\)

\(\Rightarrow \frac{2n-1}{4+(2n-1)^4}=\frac{2n-1}{[(2n-1)^2+2-2(2n-1)][(2n-1)^2+2+2(2n-1)]}\)

\(=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{(2n-1)^2+2-2(2n-1)}-\frac{1}{(2n-1)^2+2+2(2n-1)}\right)\)

Do đó:

\(\frac{1}{4+1^4}=\frac{1}{4}(1-\frac{1}{5})\)

\(\frac{3}{4+3^4}=\frac{1}{4}(\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{17})\)

\(\frac{5}{4+5^4}=\frac{1}{4}(\frac{1}{17}-\frac{1}{37})\)

......

Do đó:

\(\frac{1}{4+1^4}+\frac{3}{4+3^4}+...+\frac{2n-1}{4+(2n-1)^4}=\frac{1}{4}(1-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{17}+...+\frac{1}{(2n-1)^2+2-2(2n-1)}-\frac{1}{(2n-1)^2+2+2(2n-1)})\)

\(=\frac{1}{4}(1-\frac{1}{(2n-1)^2+2+2(2n-1)})=\frac{1}{4}(1-\frac{1}{(2n-1+1)^2+1})\)

\(=\frac{1}{4}(1-\frac{1}{4n^2+1})=\frac{n^2}{4n^2+1}\)

Ta có đpcm.

n=1 ; \(\dfrac{1}{4+1^4}=\dfrac{1}{5}=\dfrac{1^2}{4.^2+1}=\dfrac{1}{5};dung\)

giả sử n =k đúng \(\Leftrightarrow S=\dfrac{1}{4+1^4}+...+\dfrac{2k-1}{4+\left(2k-1\right)^4}=\dfrac{k^2}{4k^2+1}\) (*)

cần c/m đúng n =k+1 ;

c/m

với n=k+1

\(S=\left(\dfrac{1}{4+1^4}+...+\dfrac{2k-1}{4+\left(2k-1\right)^4}\right)+\dfrac{2\left(k+1\right)-1}{4+\left(2\left(k+1\right)-1\right)^4}\)

từ (*) =>\(S=\dfrac{k^2}{4k^2+1}+\dfrac{2\left(k+1\right)-1}{4+\left(2\left(k+1\right)-1\right)^4}\)

\(k+1=t\Leftrightarrow k=t-1\)

\(S=\dfrac{t^2-2t+1}{4\left(t^2-2t+1\right)+1}+\dfrac{2t-1}{4+\left(2t-1\right)^4}\)

\(S=\dfrac{t^2-2t+2}{4t^2-8t+5}+\dfrac{2t-1}{\left(4t^2+1\right)\left(4t^2-8t+5\right)}=\dfrac{\left(t^2-2t+1\right)\left(4t^2+1\right)+2t-1}{\left(4t^2+1\right)\left(4t^2-8t+5\right)}\)\(S=\dfrac{t^2\left(4t^2-8t+5\right)}{\left(4t^2+1\right)\left(4t^2-8t+5\right)}=\dfrac{t^2}{\left(4t^2+1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)^2}{4\left(k+1\right)^2+1}\)

Vậy tổng trên đúng với k +1

theo Quy nạp ta có dpcm

Bài 2:

\(\left(2n+3\right)^2-9\)

\(\rightarrow4n^2+12n+9-9\)

\(\rightarrow4n^2=12n\)

\(\rightarrow4n.\left(n+3\right)\)

\(\rightarrow4⋮4\)

\(\rightarrow4n⋮4\)

\(\rightarrow4n.\left(n+3\right)⋮4\)

\(\rightarrow\left(2n+3\right)^2-9⋮4\)

Gọi d là ước chung lớn nhất của 2 số. Nhiệm vụ của ta là chứng minh d=1.

a) 2n+3, n+2 \(⋮d\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(2n+3\right)-\left(n+2\right)⋮d\)

\(\Rightarrow1⋮d\)

b) n+1, 3n+4

\(\Rightarrow\left(3n+4\right)-3\left(n+1\right)⋮d\)

\(\Rightarrow1⋮d\)

c) 2n+3, 3n+4

\(\Rightarrow3\left(2n+3\right)-2\left(3n+4\right)⋮d\)

\(\Rightarrow1⋮d\)

𝓪, 𝓖𝓸̣𝓲 𝓤̛𝓒𝓛𝓝\(\left(2n+3,n+2\right)=d\)

\(\Rightarrow2n+3⋮d\)  

\(\Rightarrow n+2⋮d\Rightarrow2.\left(n+2\right)⋮d\Rightarrow2n+4⋮d\)

\(\Rightarrow2n+4-2n+3⋮d\Rightarrow1⋮d\Rightarrow d=1\)

\(\Rightarrow\)𝓤̛𝓒𝓛𝓝\(\left(2n+3,n +2\right)=1\)

𝓥𝓪̣̂𝔂 \(2n+3,n+2\) 𝓵𝓪̀ 𝓱𝓪𝓲 𝓼𝓸̂́ 𝓷𝓰𝓾𝔂𝓮̂𝓷 𝓽𝓸̂́ 𝓬𝓾̀𝓷𝓰 𝓷𝓱𝓪𝓾

𝓫, 𝓖𝓸̣𝓲 𝓤̛𝓒𝓛𝓝\(\left(n+1,3n+4\right)=d\)

\(\Rightarrow3n+4⋮d\)

\(\Rightarrow n+1⋮d\Rightarrow3\left(n+1\right)⋮d\Rightarrow3n+3⋮d\)

\(\Rightarrow3n+4-\left(3n+3\right)⋮d\Rightarrow1⋮d\Rightarrow d=1\)

\(\Rightarrow\)𝓤̛𝓒𝓛𝓝\(\left(n+1,3n+4\right)=1\)

𝓥𝓪̣̂𝔂 \(n+1,3n+4\) 𝓵𝓪̀ 𝓱𝓪𝓲 𝓼𝓸̂́ 𝓷𝓰𝓾𝔂𝓮̂𝓷 𝓽𝓸̂́ 𝓬𝓾̀𝓷𝓰 𝓷𝓱𝓪𝓾

𝓑𝓪̣𝓷 𝓸̛𝓲, 𝓬𝓱𝓸 𝓶𝓲̀𝓷𝓱 𝓼𝓾̛̉𝓪 𝓵𝓪̣𝓲 𝓸̛̉ 𝓬𝓪̂𝓾 𝓪 𝓷𝓱𝓪, 𝓬𝓱𝓸̂̃ 2𝓷+4-(2𝓷+3) 𝓹𝓱𝓪̉𝓲 𝓽𝓱𝓮̂𝓶 𝓷𝓰𝓸𝓪̣̆𝓬 𝓸̛̉ 2𝓷+3 𝓷𝓱𝓪!