a. (3x - 1)² - (x + 3)² = 0

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x-1+x+3\right)\left(3x-1-x-3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x+2\right)\left(2x-4\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x+2=0\)  hoặc  \(2x-4=0\)

1. \(4x+2=0\Leftrightarrow4x=-2\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

2. \(2x-4=0\Leftrightarrow2x=4\Leftrightarrow x=2\)

S=\(\left\{-\dfrac{1}{2};2\right\}\)

b. \(x^3=\dfrac{x}{49}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow49x^3=x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow49x^3-x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(49x^2-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(7x+1\right)\left(7x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=0\) hoặc  \(7x+1=0\) hoặc \(7x-1=0\)

1. x=0

2. \(7x+1=0\Leftrightarrow7x=-1\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{7}\)

3. \(7x-1=0\Leftrightarrow7x=1\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{7}\)

*Cách khác:

a) Ta có: \(\left(3x-1\right)^2-\left(x+3\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x-1\right)^2=\left(x+3\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-1=-x-3\\3x-1=x+3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4x=-2\\2x=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: \(S=\left\{-\dfrac{1}{2};2\right\}\)

(x – 1)(x2 + 3x – 2) – (x3 – 1) = 0

⇔ (x – 1)(x2 + 3x - 2) - (x - 1)(x2 + x + 1) = 0

⇔ (x – 1)[(x2 + 3x - 2) - (x2 + x + 1)] = 0

⇔ (x – 1). (x2 + 3x - 2 - x2 - x - 1) = 0

⇔ (x – 1)(2x - 3) = 0

⇔ x - 1 = 0 hoặc 2x - 3 = 0

+) Nếu x - 1 = 0 ⇔x = 1

+) Nếu 2x - 3 = 0 ⇔x = 3/2

Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình là S = {1;3/2}

x3 – 3x2 + 3x - 1 = 0

⇔ (x – 1)3 = 0 (Hằng đẳng thức)

⇔ x – 1 = 0

⇔ x = 1.

Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình là S={1}.

4) Ta có: \(\dfrac{2x-5}{5}-\dfrac{x+3}{3}=\dfrac{2-3x}{2}-x-2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{6\left(2x-5\right)}{30}-\dfrac{10\left(x+3\right)}{30}=\dfrac{15\left(2-3x\right)}{30}-\dfrac{30\left(x+2\right)}{30}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow12x-30-10x-30=30-45x-30x-60\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-22x-60=-75x-30\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-22x+75x=-30+60\)

\(\Leftrightarrow53x=30\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{30}{53}\)

Vậy: \(S=\left\{\dfrac{30}{53}\right\}\)

5) Ta có: \(\dfrac{5x-3}{6}-\dfrac{7x-1}{4}=5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2\left(5x-3\right)}{12}-\dfrac{3\left(7x-1\right)}{12}=\dfrac{60}{12}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow10x-6-21x+3=60\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-11x-3=60\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-11x=63\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{63}{11}\)

Vậy: \(S=\left\{-\dfrac{63}{11}\right\}\)

`9,x^3+x^2-2=0`

`x^3-x^2+2x^2-2=0`

`<=>x^2(x-1)+2(x-1)(x+1)=0`

`<=>(x-1)(x^2+2x+2)=0`

`<=>x=1`

`14,x^2-2x+1=0`

`<=>(x-1)^2=0`

`<=>x-1=0`

`<=>x=1`

`15,x^3+3x^2+3x+1=0`

`<=>(x+1)^3=0`

`<=>x+1=0`

`<=>x=-1`

Bài 6: 

1) Ta có: \(2x\left(x-5\right)-\left(x+3\right)^2=3x-x\left(5-x\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-10x-\left(x^2+6x+9\right)=3x-5x+x^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-10x-x^2-6x-9-3x+5x-x^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-14x-9=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-14x=9\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{9}{14}\)

Vậy: \(S=\left\{-\dfrac{9}{14}\right\}\)

`1)2x(x-5)-(x+3)^2=3x-x(5-x)`

`<=>2x^2-10x-x^2-6x-9=3x-5x+x^2`

`<=>x^2-16x-9=x^2-2x`

`<=>14x=-9`

`<=>x=-9/14`

a: =>2x^2+9x-6x-27=0

=>x(2x+9)-3(2x+9)=0

=>(2x+9)(x-3)=0

=>x=3 hoặc x=-9/2

b: =>-10x^2+6x-5x+3=0

=>-2x(5x-3)-(5x-3)=0

=>(5x-3)(-2x-1)=0

=>x=-1/2 hoặc x=5/3

c: =>-x^3+2x^2-x^2+4=0

=>-x^2(x-2)-(x-2)(x+2)=0

=>(x-2)(-x^2-x-2)=0

=>x-2=0

=>x=2

d: =>(x^3+8)-4x(x+2)=0

=>(x+2)(x^2-2x+4)-4x(x+2)=0

=>(x+2)(x^2-6x+4)=0

=>x=-2 hoặc \(x=3\pm\sqrt{5}\)

\(a.x^2-11x+15=-15.\Leftrightarrow x^2-11x+30=0.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-6\right)\left(x-5\right)=0.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=6.\\x=5.\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(b.2x-3x+10=x.\Leftrightarrow-2x+10=0.\Leftrightarrow x=5.\)

\(c.x^3-4=4.\Leftrightarrow x^3=8.\Leftrightarrow x^3=2^3.\Rightarrow x=2.\)

\(d.x^4+x^3-x^2-x=0.\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x^2+x\right)-\left(x^2+x\right)=0.\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+x\right)=0.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)x\left(x+1\right)=0.\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)^2x=0.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0.\\x+1=0.\\x=0.\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1.\\x=-1.\\x=0.\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) Không, vì ẩn x nằm trong dấu giá trị tuyệt đối.

b) Không, vì dấu "=" thể hiện đó là phương trình.

c) Không, vì ẩn x nằm ở mẫu số.

d) Có.