a.

\(\dfrac{x^3}{x-1}-\dfrac{x^2}{x+1}-\dfrac{1}{x-1}+\dfrac{1}{x+1}=\dfrac{x^3-1}{x-1}-\dfrac{x^2-1}{x+1}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{x-1}-\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x+1}\)

\(=x^2+x+1-\left(x-1\right)=x^2+2\)

b.

\(\dfrac{x+y}{2\left(x-y\right)}-\dfrac{x-y}{2\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{2y^2}{x^2-y^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}-\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{2\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{4y^2}{2\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)^2+4y^2}{2\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{4xy+4y^2}{2\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{4y\left(x+y\right)}{2\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{2y}{x-y}\)

c.

\(\dfrac{x+5}{2x-4}.\dfrac{4-2x}{x+2}=\dfrac{x+5}{2x-4}.\dfrac{-\left(2x-4\right)}{x+2}=-\dfrac{x+5}{x+2}\)

d.

\(\dfrac{8}{x^2+2x-3}+\dfrac{2}{x+3}+\dfrac{1}{x-1}=\dfrac{8}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}+\dfrac{2\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}+\dfrac{x+3}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{8+2\left(x-1\right)+x+3}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{3x+9}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{3\left(x+3\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{3}{x-1}\)

a: \(=\dfrac{x^2+xy-x^2-y^2}{x+y}\cdot\dfrac{x-y+2y}{y\left(x-y\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{y\left(x-y\right)}{x+y}\cdot\dfrac{x+y}{y\left(x-y\right)}=1\)

b: \(\left(\dfrac{2}{x^2-1}+\dfrac{x^2-3}{3x^2-1}\right):\left[\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{2x\left(x^2-3\right)}{\left(x^2-1\right)\left(3x^2-1\right)}\right]\)

\(=\dfrac{6x^2-2+x^4-4x^2+3}{\left(x^2-1\right)\left(3x^2-1\right)}:\dfrac{\left(x^2-1\right)\left(3x^2-3\right)-2x^2\left(x^2-3\right)}{x\left(x^2-1\right)\left(3x^2-1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x^4+2x^2+1}{\left(x^2-1\right)\left(3x^2-1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{x\left(x^2-1\right)\left(3x^2-1\right)}{3x^4-6x^2+3-2x^4+6x^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{x\left(x^2+1\right)^2}{x^4+3}\)

a, \(\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{4\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{2xy}{4\left(x+y\right)}\)=\(\dfrac{x^2+2xy+y^2}{4\left(x+y\right)}\)   = \(\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4\left(x+y\right)}\)  =\(\dfrac{x+y}{4}\) 

a. \(\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{4\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{2xy}{4\left(x+y\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x^2+2xy+y^2}{4\left(x+y\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4\left(x+y\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x+y}{4}\)

b. \(\dfrac{x+5}{2x-2}-\dfrac{4}{x^2-1}:\dfrac{2}{x+1}\)

\(=\dfrac{x+5}{2\left(x-1\right)}-\dfrac{4}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)}:\dfrac{2}{x+1}\)

\(=\dfrac{x+5}{2\left(x-1\right)}-\dfrac{2}{x-1}\)

\(=\dfrac{x+5}{2\left(x-1\right)}-\dfrac{4}{2\left(x-1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x+1}{2\left(x-1\right)}\)

a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{4\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{2xy}{4\left(x+y\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x^2+2xy+y^2}{4\left(x+y\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4\left(x+y\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x+y}{4}\)

b) Ta có: \(\dfrac{x+5}{2x-2}-\dfrac{4}{x^2-1}:\dfrac{2}{x+1}\)

\(=\dfrac{x+5}{2\left(x-1\right)}-\dfrac{4}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{x+1}{2}\)

\(=\dfrac{x+5}{2\left(x-1\right)}-\dfrac{2}{x-1}\)

\(=\dfrac{x+5}{2\left(x-1\right)}-\dfrac{4}{2\left(x-1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x+5-4}{2\left(x-1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x+1}{2x-2}\)

a: \(=\dfrac{1}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)}-\dfrac{1}{\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}-\dfrac{1}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x-z-x+y-y+z}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}=0\)

b: \(=\dfrac{1}{x\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}-\dfrac{1}{y\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)}+\dfrac{1}{z\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{yz\left(y-z\right)-xz\left(x-z\right)+xy\left(x-y\right)}{xyz\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{y^2z-yz^2-x^2z+xz^2+xy\left(x-y\right)}{xyz\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{z\left(y^2-x^2\right)-z^2\left(y-x\right)-xy\left(y-x\right)}{xyz\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left[-z\left(x+y\right)+z^2+xy\right]}{xyz\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{-zx-zy+z^2+xy}{xyz\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{z\left(z-x\right)-y\left(z-x\right)}{xyz\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}=\dfrac{1}{xyz}\)

\(\dfrac{x+y-2017z}{z}=\dfrac{y+z-2017x}{x}=\dfrac{z+x-2017y}{y}\)

<=> \(\dfrac{x+y}{z}-2017=\dfrac{z+y}{x}-2017=\dfrac{z+x}{y}-2017\)

<=> \(\dfrac{x+y}{z}=\dfrac{z+y}{x}=\dfrac{z+x}{y}\)

đặt x+y+z = t 

=> \(\dfrac{t-z}{z}=\dfrac{t-x}{x}=\dfrac{t-y}{y}< =>\dfrac{t}{z}-1=\dfrac{t}{x}-1=\dfrac{t}{y}-1\) \(< =>\dfrac{t}{z}=\dfrac{t}{y}=\dfrac{t}{x}\)

=> x=y=z 

ta lại có 

\(P=\left(1+\dfrac{y}{x}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{x}{z}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{z}{y}\right)\)

vì x=y=z  => P = \(\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)=8\)

a: \(\dfrac{y}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)}-\dfrac{z}{\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}-\dfrac{x}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{xy-yz-xz+yz-xy+xz}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)

=0

c: \(=\dfrac{1}{x\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}-\dfrac{1}{y\left(y-z\right)\left(x-y\right)}+\dfrac{1}{z\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{zy\left(y-z\right)-xz\left(x-z\right)+xy\left(x-y\right)}{xyz\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{zy^2-z^2y-x^2z+xz^2+xy\left(x-y\right)}{xyz\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{xyz}\)