Sửa \(\le\) thành \(\ge\) nha bạn

\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=1\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca=abc\)

Ta có \(\dfrac{a^2}{a+bc}=\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+abc}=\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+ab+bc+ca}=\dfrac{a^3}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}\)

Tương tự: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b^2}{b+ca}=\dfrac{b^3}{\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}\\\dfrac{c^2}{c+ba}=\dfrac{c^3}{\left(c+b\right)\left(c+a\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Áp dụng BĐT cosi:

\(\dfrac{a^3}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{a+b}{8}+\dfrac{a+c}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a^3}{64}}=\dfrac{3}{4}a\)

\(\dfrac{b^3}{\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{a+b}{8}+\dfrac{b+c}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{b^3}{64}}=\dfrac{3}{4}b\)

\(\dfrac{c^3}{\left(c+b\right)\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{b+c}{8}+\dfrac{a+c}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{c^3}{64}}=\dfrac{3}{4}c\)

Cộng VTV:

\(\Leftrightarrow VT+\dfrac{a+b}{8}+\dfrac{a+c}{8}+\dfrac{b+c}{8}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{3\left(a+b+c\right)}{4}-\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{8}\\ \Leftrightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{4}\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=3\)

Bài 1:

Dự đoán dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\) ta tính được giá trị là \(9\)

Ta sẽ chứng minh nó là GTLN

Thật vậy ta cần chứng minh

\(\Sigma\dfrac{11a+4b}{4a^2-ab+2b^2}\le\dfrac{3\left(ab+ac+bc\right)}{abc}\)

\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\left(\dfrac{3}{a}-\dfrac{11a+4b}{4a^2-ab+2b^2}\right)\ge0\)

\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-6b\right)}{a\left(4a^2-ab+2b^2\right)}\ge0\)

\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\left(\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-6b\right)}{a\left(4a^2-ab+2b^2\right)}+\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{a}\right)\ge0\)

\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a+b\right)}{ab\left(4a^2-ab+2b^2\right)}\ge0\) (luôn đúng)

Bài 2:

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:

\(\left(a^5+b^2+c^2\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+b^2+c^2\right)\ge\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^5+b^2+c^2}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{a}+b^2+c^2}{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}\)

Tương tự rồi cộng theo vế ta có:

\(Σ\dfrac{1}{a^5+b^2+c^2}\le\dfrac{Σ\dfrac{1}{a}+2Σa^2}{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}\)

Ta chứng minh \(Σ\dfrac{1}{a}+2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\le3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\) - BĐT cuối đúng

Vậy ta có ĐPCM. Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)

Bài 3:

Từ \(a+b+c=3abc\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}=3\)

Đặt \(\left(\dfrac{1}{a};\dfrac{1}{b};\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\rightarrow\left(x;y;z\right)\)\(\Rightarrow xy+yz+xz=3\) và BĐT cần chứng minh là

\(x^3+y^3+z^3\ge3\). Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:

\(x^3+x^3+1\ge3\sqrt[3]{x^3\cdot x^3\cdot1}=3x^2\)

Tương tự có: \(y^3+y^3+1\ge3y^2;z^3+z^3+1\ge3z^2\)

Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có:

\(2\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)+3\ge3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)

Lại có BĐT quen thuộc \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+xz\)

\(\Rightarrow3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge3\left(xy+yz+xz\right)=9\left(xy+yz+xz=3\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow2\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)+3\ge9\Rightarrow2\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)\ge6\)

\(\Rightarrow x^3+y^3+z^3\ge3\). BĐT cuối đúng nên ta có ĐPCM

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)

T/b:Vâng, rất giỏi

lần sau đăng từng câu 1 dc ko bn :)

system errow

dạng này chắc chắc là phải dùng AM-GM ngược dấu rồi :)

Ta có:

\(\dfrac{1+b}{1+4a^2}=1+b-\dfrac{4a^2\left(b+1\right)}{4a^2+1}\ge1+b-\dfrac{4a^2\left(b+1\right)}{4a}=1+b-a\left(b+1\right)\)

Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại ta có:

\(\dfrac{1+c}{1+4b^2}\ge1+c-b\left(c+1\right);\dfrac{1+a}{1+4c^2}\ge1+a-c\left(a+1\right)\)

Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có:

\(VT=\dfrac{1+b}{1+4a^2}+\dfrac{1+c}{1+4b^2}+\dfrac{1+a}{1+c^2}\)

\(\ge3+\left(a+b+c\right)-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-\left(a+b+c\right)\)

\(=3-\dfrac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3-\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot\dfrac{9}{4}=\dfrac{9}{4}=VP\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(VT=\left(\dfrac{a}{1+4c^2}+\dfrac{b}{1+4a^2}+\dfrac{c}{1+4b^2}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{1+4c^2}+\dfrac{1}{1+4a^2}+\dfrac{1}{1+4b^2}\right)\)

\(VT=\dfrac{3}{2}-\left(\dfrac{4c^2a}{1+4c^2}+\dfrac{4a^2b}{1+4a^2}+\dfrac{4b^2c}{1+4b^2}\right)+3-\left(\dfrac{4c^2}{1+4c^2}+\dfrac{4a^2}{1+4a^2}+\dfrac{4b^2}{1+4b^2}\right)\)

Xét \(\dfrac{3}{2}-\left(\dfrac{4c^2a}{1+4c^2}+\dfrac{4a^2b}{1+4a^2}+\dfrac{4b^2c}{1+4b^2}\right)\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1+4c^2\ge2\sqrt{4c^2}=4c\\1+4a^2\ge2\sqrt{4a^2}=4a\\1+4b^2\ge2\sqrt{4b^2}=4b\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{4c^2a}{1+4c^2}\le\dfrac{4c^2a}{4c}=ca\\\dfrac{4a^2b}{1+4a^2}\le\dfrac{4a^2b}{4a}=ab\\\dfrac{4b^2c}{1+4b^2}\le\dfrac{4b^2c}{4b}=bc\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{2}-\left(\dfrac{4c^2a}{1+4c^2}+\dfrac{4a^2b}{1+4a^2}+\dfrac{4b^2c}{1+4b^2}\right)\ge\dfrac{3}{2}-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\) (1)

Xét \(3-\left(\dfrac{4c^2}{1+4c^2}+\dfrac{4a^2}{1+4a^2}+\dfrac{4b^2}{1+4b^2}\right)\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1+4c^2\ge2\sqrt{4c^2}=4c\\1+4a^2\ge2\sqrt{4a^2}=4a\\1+4b^2\ge2\sqrt{4b^2}=4b\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{4c^2}{1+4c^2}\le\dfrac{4c^2}{4c}=c\\\dfrac{4a^2}{1+4a^2}\le\dfrac{4a^2}{4a}=a\\\dfrac{4b^2}{1+4b^2}\le\dfrac{4b^2}{4b}=b\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow3-\left(\dfrac{4c^2}{1+4c^2}+\dfrac{4a^2}{1+4a^2}+\dfrac{4b^2}{1+4b^2}\right)\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\) (2)

Từ (1) và (2)

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{3}{2}-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+\dfrac{3}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge3-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\) (3)

Theo hệ quả của bất đẳng thức Cauchy

\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{4}\ge ab+bc+ca\)

\(\Rightarrow3-\dfrac{3}{4}\le3-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{9}{4}\le3-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\) (4)

Từ (3) và (4)

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{9}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1+b}{1+4a^2}+\dfrac{1+c}{1+4b^2}+\dfrac{1+a}{1+4c^2}\ge\dfrac{9}{4}\) (đpcm)

Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

A = \(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\)

A = \(\dfrac{a^2}{a\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{b^2}{b\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{c^2}{c\left(a+b\right)}\)

Áp dụng BĐT Cô - Si dạng Engel vào bài toán , ta có :
\(\dfrac{a^2}{a\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{b^2}{b\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{c^2}{c\left(a+b\right)}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\) ( * )

Ta lại có BĐT : x² + y² + z² ≥ xy + yz + zx

⇒ a² + b² + c² ≥ ab + bc + ac

⇔ ( a + b + c)² ≥ 3( ab + bc + ac)

⇔ \(\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{ab+bc+ac}\) ≥ 3 ( **)

Từ ( *;**) ⇒ \(\dfrac{a^2}{a\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{b^2}{b\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{c^2}{c\left(a+b\right)}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{3}{2}\)

⇒ \(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Đời về cơ bản là buồn... cười!!!Phùng Khánh LinhHong Ra Onchú tuổi gìNguyễn Ngô Minh TríNhã Doanh, và nhiều bạn khác...

áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz dạng phân thức

\(\Rightarrow VT=\dfrac{a^4}{ab}+\dfrac{b^4}{bc}+\dfrac{c^4}{ca}\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}\)

Cần chứng minh rằng \(\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)

áp dụng bđt Cauchy - Schwarz

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2+b^2\ge2ab\\b^2+c^2\ge2bc\\c^2+a^2\ge2ca\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\) ( đpcm )

Vậy \(\dfrac{a^3}{b}+\dfrac{b^3}{c}+\dfrac{c^3}{a}\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\)( đpcm )

\(\dfrac{a^3}{b}+\dfrac{b^3}{c}+\dfrac{c^3}{a}=\dfrac{a^4}{ab}+\dfrac{b^4}{bc}+\dfrac{c^4}{ca}\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}=\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{ab+bc+ca}\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\)

Đặt \(a=\dfrac{yz}{x^2};b=\dfrac{zx}{y^2};c=\dfrac{xy}{z^2}\)

Áp dụng BĐT BSC:

\(\dfrac{1}{a^2+a+1}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+b+1}+\dfrac{1}{c^2+c+1}\)

\(=\dfrac{x^4}{x^4+x^2yz+y^2z^2}+\dfrac{y^4}{y^4+y^2zx+z^2x^2}+\dfrac{z^4}{z^4+z^2xy+x^2y^2}\)

\(\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{x^4+y^4+z^4+x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2+xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}\)

Ta cần chứng minh: 

\(\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{x^4+y^4+z^4+x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2+xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}\ge1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2\ge x^4+y^4+z^4+x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2+xyz\left(x+y+z\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2-xy.yz-yz.zx-zx.xy\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(xy-yz\right)^2+\left(yz-zx\right)^2+\left(zx-xy\right)^2\ge0,\forall x,y,z\)

\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)

Bài 1:

Ta có:

\(\text{VT}=\frac{a^2}{a+2b^2}+\frac{b^2}{b+2c^2}+\frac{c^2}{c+2a^2}\)

\(=a-\frac{2ab^2}{a+2b^2}+b-\frac{2bc^2}{b+2c^2}+c-\frac{2ca^2}{c+2a^2}=(a+b+c)-2\left(\frac{ab^2}{a+2b^2}+\frac{bc^2}{b+2c^2}+\frac{ca^2}{c+2a^2}\right)\)

\(=3-2M(*)\)

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy ta có:

\(M=\frac{ab^2}{a+b^2+b^2}+\frac{bc^2}{b+c^2+c^2}+\frac{ca^2}{c+a^2+a^2}\leq \frac{ab^2}{3\sqrt[3]{ab^4}}+\frac{bc^2}{3\sqrt[3]{bc^4}}+\frac{ca^2}{3\sqrt[3]{ca^4}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow M\leq \frac{1}{3}(\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2}+\sqrt[3]{b^2c^2}+\sqrt[3]{c^2a^2})\)

Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT Cauchy:

\(\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2}+\sqrt[3]{b^2c^2}+\sqrt[3]{c^2a^2}\leq \frac{ab+ab+1}{3}+\frac{bc+bc+1}{3}+\frac{ca+ca+1}{3}=\frac{2(ab+bc+ac)+3}{3}\)

Mà \(ab+bc+ac\leq \frac{(a+b+c)^2}{3}=3\) (quen thuộc)

\(\Rightarrow M\leq \frac{1}{3}.\frac{2.3+3}{3}=1(**)\)

Từ \((*);(**)\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq 3-2.1=1\)

(đpcm)

Dấu bằng xảy ra khi $a=b=c=1$

Bài 2:

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy -Schwarz:

\(\text{VT}=\frac{a^3}{a^2+a^2b^2}+\frac{b^3}{b^2+b^2c^2}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+a^2c^2}\geq \frac{(a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}+c\sqrt{c})^2}{a^2+a^2b^2+b^2+b^2c^2+c^2+c^2a^2}\)

hay:

\(\text{VT}\geq \frac{(a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}+c\sqrt{c})^2}{1+a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2}(*)\)

Mặt khác, theo BĐT Cauchy ta dễ thấy:

\(a^4+b^4+c^4\geq a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\)

\(\Rightarrow (a^2+b^2+c^2)^2\geq 3(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow 1\geq 3(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)\Rightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\leq \frac{1}{3}(**)\)

Từ \((*);(**)\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{(a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}+c\sqrt{c})^2}{1+\frac{1}{3}}=\frac{3}{4}(a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}+c\sqrt{c})^2\)

Ta có đpcm

Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)

Bài 3: Đề sai.

Từ \(a+b+c=1\Rightarrow2\left(a+b+c\right)=2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)+\left(c+a\right)=2\)

Và BĐT trên tương đương với

\(VT=\dfrac{c+ab}{a+b}+\dfrac{a+bc}{b+c}+\dfrac{b+ac}{a+c}\)

\(=\dfrac{c\left(a+b+c\right)+ab}{a+b}+\dfrac{a\left(a+b+c\right)+bc}{b+c}+\dfrac{b\left(a+b+c\right)+ac}{a+c}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}{a+b}+\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{b+c}+\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}{a+c}\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=x\\b+c=y\\c+a=z\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\left(x,y,z>0\right)\) thì ta có:

\(\dfrac{yz}{x}+\dfrac{xz}{y}+\dfrac{xy}{z}\ge2\)\(\forall\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x,y,z>0\\x+y+z=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đúng theo BĐT AM-GM