\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=n_{FeSO_4}=n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ a,m_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.98=19,6\left(g\right)\\ b,C\%_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{19,6}{200}.100=9,8\%\\ c,m_{FeSO_4}=152.0,2=30,4\left(g\right)\\ d,V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

* Tóm tắt:

Biết: m_Zn = 6,5 (g)

        C_M(dd.HCl) = 0,5M

Hỏi: a) V_H2 = ?

       b) V_{dd HCl} = ?

a) \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl₂ + H₂

           0,1-->0,2------------->0,1

V_H2 = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 (l)

b) \(V_{\left(dd.HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4\left(l\right)\)

  Tóm tắt:

`m_[Zn]=6,5 g`

`C_[M_[HCl]]=0,5 M`

________________________

`a)V_[H_2]=? l`

`b)V_[dd HCl]= ? l`

       Giải:

`Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl_2 + H_2`

`0,1`    `0,2`                          `0,1`      `(mol)`

`n_[Zn]=[6,5]/65=0,1(mol)`

`a)V_[H_2]=0,1.22,4=2,24(l)`

`b)V_[dd HCl]=[0,2]/[0,5]=0,4(l)`

a, \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)

b, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)

c, \(n_{ZnSO_4}=n_{Zn}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{ZnSO_4}=0,3.161=48,3\left(g\right)\)

d, \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{64}{160}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,4}{1}>\dfrac{0,3}{3}\), ta được Fe₂O₃ dư.

Mà: H% = 30% \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2\left(pư\right)}=0,3.30\%=0,09\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,06\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2}=0,03\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=0,4-0,03=0,37\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow a=m_{Fe}+m_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=62,56\left(g\right)\)

1////          nAl=0,4mol   

2Al     +      6HCl -----> 2AlCl3 + 3H2

0,4mol      1,2mol         0,4mol    0,6 mol

a/ V_H2=0,6.22,4=13,44 l

b/ V=1,2/2=0,6 l

C_AlCl3=0,4/0,6=2/3 M

Zn+2HCl->ZnCl2+H2

0,05-------------------0,05

PbO+H2-to>Pb+H2O

0,05--0,05

n Zn=0,05 mol

=>VH2=0,05.22,4=1,12l

m PbO=0,05.223=11,15g

a) 2Al + 3H₂SO₄ → Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

b) n_Al = \(\frac{40,5}{27}=1,5\left(mol\right)\)

Từ PT \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=2,25\left(mol\right);n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,75\left(mol\right);n_{H_2}=2,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=2,25.98=220,5\left(g\right)\)

c) \(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,75.342=256,5\left(g\right)\)

d) đktc : \(V_{H_2}=22,4.2,25=50,4\left(l\right)\)

a)     2Al + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2  (1)

b) nAl = 40,5 : 27 = 1,5 mol

Từ pt(1) suy ra : nH2SO4 = \(\frac{3}{2}nAl\) = \(\frac{3}{2}.1,5=2,25mol\)

Khối lượng H2SO4 là : mH2SO4 = 2,25 . 98 = 220,5 g

c) Từ pt(1) => nAl2(SO4)3 = \(\frac{1}{2}nAl=\frac{1}{2}.1,5=0,75mol\)

=> mAl2(SO4)3 = 0,75 . 342 = 256,5 g

d) Từ pt(1) => nH2 = nH2SO4 = 2,25 mol

Thể tích khí H2 là : V_H2=2,25 . 22,4 = 50,4 lit

a)

$2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$

n Al = 2,7/27 = 0,1 mol

n HCl =200.7,3%/36,5 = 0,4(mol)

Ta thấy:  

n Al / 2 = 0,05 < n HCl / 6 = 0,067 => HCl dư

n H2 = 3/2 n Al = 0,15(mol)

=> V H2 = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36 lít

b) n HCl pư =  3n Al = 0,3(mol)

=> n HCl dư = 0,4 - 0,3 = 0,1(mol)

m dd sau pư = m Al + m dd HCl - m H2 = 2,7 + 200 - 0,15.2 = 202,4 gam

Vậy :

C% AlCl3 = 0,1.133,5/202,4  .100% = 6,6%

C% HCl dư = 0,1.36,5/202,4  .100% = 1,8%

PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

a) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=\dfrac{200\cdot7,3\%}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{2}< \dfrac{0,4}{6}\) \(\Rightarrow\) HCl còn dư

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,15\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)

b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{AlCl_3}\\n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{Al}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=2,7+200-0,15\cdot2=202,4\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot36,5}{202,4}\cdot100\%\approx1,8\%\\C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot133,5}{202,4}\cdot100\%\approx6,6\%\end{matrix}\right.\) 

\(pt:zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

a,theo đề bài ta có : \(n_{zn}=\frac{13}{65}=0.2\left(mol\right),n_{hcl}=1.0,5=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

ta thấy hcl dư vì: \(\frac{n_{hcl}}{2}>\frac{n_{zn}}{1}\)

theo phương trình \(n_{zncl_2}=n_{zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{zncl_2}=0,2.127=25,4\left(mol\right)\)

b,\(n_{h_2}=n_{zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{hcl}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

c,theo phương trình \(n_{hcl_{pu}}=2n_{zn}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{hcl_{du}}=n_{hcl_{bandau}}-n_{pu}=0,5-0,4=0.1\left(mol\right)\)

\(pt:NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=n_{hcl}=0.1\Rightarrow V_{dd}=\frac{0.1}{0.5}=0.2\left(l\right)\)

\(a,n_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,65}{65}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

          0,01--->0,02---->0,01---->0,01

\(V_{H_2}=0,01.22,4=0,224\left(l\right)\\ b,m_{ZnCl_2}=0,01.136=1,36\left(g\right)\\ V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,02}{2}=0,01\left(l\right)\)