\(P=x^2+y^2+z^2\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)^3=\dfrac{64}{3}\)

\(P_{min}=\dfrac{64}{3}\) khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{4}{3}\)

Đặt \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(a+1;b+1;c+1\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=1\\a;b;c\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow0\le a;b;c\le1\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2\le a\\b^2\le b\\c^2\le c\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\le a+b+c=1\)

\(P=\left(a+1\right)^2+\left(b+1\right)^2+\left(c+1\right)^2\)

\(P=a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(a+b+c\right)+3=a^2+b^2+c^2+5\le1+5=6\)

\(P_{max}=6\) khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(0;0;1\right)\) và hoán vị hay \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(1;1;2\right)\) và hoán vị

Với y = 0 ta có: \(x^2=\frac{1}{2}\)=> M = 1/2 (1)

Với y khác 0

Ta có: \(M=x^2-xy+y^2=\frac{x^2-xy+y^2}{2x^2-xy+y^2}=\frac{\left(\frac{x}{y}\right)^2-\frac{x}{y}+1}{2\left(\frac{x}{y}\right)^2-\frac{x}{y}+1}\)

Đặt: \(\frac{x}{y}=t\)

Ta có: \(M=\frac{t^2-t+1}{2t^2-t+1}\Leftrightarrow\left(2M-1\right)t^2+\left(1-M\right)t+M-1=0\)(1)

+) Nếu 2M - 1 = 0 <=> M = 1/2 (2) 

khi đó: t = 1

+) Nếu M khác 1/2

(1) có \(\Delta=\left(1-M\right)^2-4\left(2M-1\right)\left(M-1\right)=-7M+10M-3\)

Để (1) có nghiệm thì \(\Delta\ge0\)<=> \(\frac{3}{7}\le M\le1\)(3)

Từ (1); (2); (3) ta có GTNN của M = 3/7 

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> t = 2 hay \(\frac{x}{y}=2\Leftrightarrow x=2y\)

Thay vào \(2x^2-xy+y^2=1.\) ta có: \(8y^2-2y^2+y^2=1.\)

<=> \(y=\pm\frac{1}{\sqrt{7}}\)

Với \(y=\frac{1}{\sqrt{7}}\Rightarrow x=\frac{2}{\sqrt{7}}\)

Với \(y=\frac{-1}{\sqrt{7}}\Rightarrow x=\frac{-2}{\sqrt{7}}\)

Kết luận vậy min M = 1 tại ( x ; y ) \(\in\left\{\left(\frac{2}{\sqrt{7}};\frac{1}{\sqrt{7}}\right);\left(\frac{-2}{\sqrt{7}};\frac{-1}{\sqrt{7}}\right)\right\}\)

We have : \(A=x+y+\dfrac{1}{2x}+\dfrac{2}{y}=\dfrac{x+y}{2}+\left(\dfrac{y}{2}+\dfrac{2}{y}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{2x}+\dfrac{x}{2}\right)\)

\(Applying\) C-S we have : \(\dfrac{y}{2}+\dfrac{2}{y}\ge2;\dfrac{1}{2x}+\dfrac{x}{2}\ge1\)

x + y \(\ge3\)  \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x+y}{2}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)

So : \(A\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+2+1=\dfrac{9}{2}\)

" = " \(\Leftrightarrow x=1;y=2\)

mình làm cho bạn 2 cách nha

Cách 1 )

ta có \(1\le y\le2\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{y^2+1}\ge\frac{1}{2x+3}\)

ta có \(xy+2\ge2y\Leftrightarrow x\ge\frac{2\left(y-1\right)}{y}\ge0\)

ta có \(M=\frac{x^2+4}{y^2+1}=\left(x^2+4\right).\frac{1}{y^2+1}\ge\left(2x+3\right).\frac{1}{2x+3}=1\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=2\end{cases}}\)

zậy \(minM=\frac{x^2+4}{y^2+1}khi\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=2\end{cases}}\)

cách 2)

ta có \(1\le y\le2;xy+2\ge2y\Leftrightarrow4xy+8\ge8y;4x^2+y^2+8\ge4xy+8\)

từ đó ta có

\(4\left(x^2+4\right)\ge-y^2+8+8y=4\left(y^2+1\right)+\left(5y+2\right)\left(2-y\right)\ge4\left(x^2+1\right)\Rightarrow M=1\)

zậy kết luận như cách 1

Tìm min :

Ta có : \(x^2+y^2-xy=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2=4+xy\le4+\frac{x^2+y^2}{2}\) ( vì \(\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) )
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{A}{2}\le4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A\le8\)

Tìm max

\(x^2+y^2-xy=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2=4+xy\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x^2+y^2\right)=8+\left(x+y\right)^2\ge8\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A\ge\frac{8}{3}\)

Há miệng ra và nói: ''PHỞ SÁNG"

\(M=\dfrac{2x+y}{xy}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{3\left(2x+y\right)}{16}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}+\dfrac{5}{16}\left(2x+y\right)\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{16}.3}+\dfrac{5}{16}.2\sqrt{2xy}=\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{11}{4}\).

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = 1; y = 2.

\(M=\dfrac{2x+y}{xy}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\)

\(M=\dfrac{3\left(2x+y\right)}{16}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}+\dfrac{5\left(2x+y\right)}{16}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{9\left(2x+y\right)}{16\left(2x+y\right)}}+\dfrac{5}{16}.2\sqrt{2xy}=\dfrac{11}{4}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;2\right)\)

Ta có: \(M=\dfrac{2x+y}{xy}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\right)+\dfrac{5}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}\)

Có: \(\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}\dfrac{3}{2x+y}}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra <=> \(\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\)

Có: \(\dfrac{5}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}\ge\dfrac{5}{8}\sqrt{2xy}=\dfrac{5}{4}\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra <=> 2x=y và xy=2

\(\Rightarrow M\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{11}{4}\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra <=> x=1, y=2

Vậy GTNN của M là 11/4 <=> x=1;y=2

Ta có:

\(M=\dfrac{2x+y}{xx}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\right)+\dfrac{5}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}\)

Có: \(\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}\dfrac{3}{2x+y}}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\)

Có: \(\dfrac{5}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}\ge\dfrac{5}{8}\sqrt{2xy}=\dfrac{5}{4}\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow2x=y,xy=2\)

\(\Rightarrow M\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{11}{4}\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=1,y=2\)

Vậy GTNN của M là \(\dfrac{11}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=1,y=2\)