Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử:
a) x^2 +4x +4
b)4x^2 - 4x +1
c)c(x+1) - y(x+1)
d)x^3 - 3x^2 +3x - 1 +27y^3
e) 4(x-y) - 25(x+y)^2
Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử:
a, \(x^3+3x^2+3x+1-27z^3\)
b, \(x^2-2xy+y^2-xz+yz\)
c, \(x^4+4x^2-5\)
a.
\(=\left(x+1\right)^3-\left(3z\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x+1+3z\right)\left[\left(x+1\right)^2+3z\left(x+1\right)+9z^2\right]\)
\(=\left(x+3z+1\right)\left(x^2+2x+1+3zx+3z+9z^2\right)\)
b.
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2-z\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-y-z\right)\)
c.
\(=x^4-1+4x^2-4\)
\(=\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)+4\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+5\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+5\right)\)
a) Ta có: \(x^3+3x^2+3x+1-27z^3\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^3-\left(3z\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x+1-3z\right)\left(x^2+2x+1+3xz+3z+9z^2\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(x^2-2xy+y^2-zx+yz\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2-z\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-y-z\right)\)
c) Ta có: \(x^4+4x^2-5\)
\(=x^4+4x^2+4-9\)
\(=\left(x^2+2\right)^2-3^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+5\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+5\right)\)
Bài 1: (5đ) Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử.
a) 4x^3 - x^2
b) 6x - 4 + x(2 - 3x)
c) xy + 1 - x - y
d) y^2 - 4x^2 + 4y + 4
e) x^2 - 3x + 2
\(a,=x\left(4x^2-1\right)=x\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)\\ b,=2\left(3x-2\right)-x\left(3x-2\right)=\left(2-x\right)\left(3x-2\right)\\ c,=x\left(y-1\right)-\left(y-1\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)\\ d,=\left(y+2\right)^2-4x^2=\left(y+2-2x\right)\left(y+2+2x\right)\\ e,=x^2-x-2x+2=\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
a) \(4x^3-x^2=x^2\left(4x-1\right)\)
b) \(6x-4+x\left(2-3x\right)=2\left(3x-2\right)-x\left(3x-2\right)=\left(2-x\right)\left(3x-2\right)\)
c) \(xy+1-x-y=\left(xy-x\right)-\left(y-1\right)=x\left(y-1\right)-\left(y-1\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)\)
d) \(y^2-4x^2+4y+4=\left(y^2+4y+4\right)-4x^2=\left(y+2\right)^2-\left(2x\right)^2=\left(y-2x+2\right)\left(y+2x+2\right)\)
e) \(x^2-3x+2=\left(x^2-x\right)-\left(2x-2\right)=x\left(x-1\right)-2\left(x-1\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử:
a) x^3 - x^2 + 8x - 8
b) 8x^3 - 8x^2y + 2xy^2
c) (x^2 + y^2 - z^2)^2 - 4x^2y^2
d) (x^2 - y^2 - 5)^2 - 4(x^2y^2 + 4xy + 4)
e) x^3 - y^3 - 3x^2 + 3x - 1
a) (x3-x2)+(8x-8)=x(x-1)+8(x-1)=(x2+8)(x-1)
b) 8x3-8x2y+2xy2=2x(4x2-4xy+y2)
c) (x2+y2-z2)2 - 4x2y2=(x2+y2-z2)2 - (2xy)2=(x2+y2-z2-2xy)(x2+y2-z2+2xy)
Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử
a) \(^{ }3xy-6xy^2\)
b) \(^{ }3x^3+6x^2+3x\)
c) \(^{ }x^3-x^2+2\)
d) \(^{ }x^2+4x+4-y^2\)
e) \(^{ }x^3+4x^2+4x\)
f) \(^{ }x^2+2x+1-9y^2\)
g) \(^{ }6x^2-12x\)
h) \(^{ }x^3+2x^2-x\)
i) \(^{ }x^2-2xy+y^2-9\)
j) \(^{ }x^2+x-6\)
k) \(^{ }2x^3+2x^2y-4xy^2\)
l) \(^{ }x^3-4x^2-12x+27\)
a) \(3xy-6xy^2=3xy\left(1-2y\right)\)
b) \(3x^3+6x^2+3x=3x\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=3x\left(x+1\right)^2\)
c) \(x^3-x^2+2\)
d) \(x^2+4x+4-y^2=\left(x^2+4x+4\right)-y^2=\left(x+2\right)^2-y^2=\left(x-y+2\right)\left(x+y+2\right)\)
e) \(x^3+4x^2+4x=x\left(x^2+4x+4\right)=x\left(x+2\right)^2\)
f) \(x^2+2x+1-9y^2=\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(3y\right)^2=\left(x-3y+1\right)\left(x+3y+1\right)\)
g) \(6x^2-12x=6x\left(x-2\right)\)
h) \(x^3-2x^2+x=x\left(x^2-2x+1\right)=x\left(x-1\right)^2\)
i) \(x^2-2xy+y^2-9=\left(x-y\right)^2-3^2=\left(x-y-3\right)\left(x-y+3\right)\)
k) \(2x^3+2x^2y-4xy^2=2x\left(x^2+xy-2y^2\right)\)
l) \(x^3-7x^2+9x+3x^2-21x+27=x\left(x^2-7x+9\right)+3\left(x^2-7x+9\right)=\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-7x+9\right)\)
Phân tích đa thức thành các nhân tử:
a)x^2-(a+b)x+ab
b)7x^3-3xyz-21x^2+9z
c)4x+4y-x^2(x+y)
d)y^2+y-x^2+x
e)4x^2-2x-y^2-y
f)9x^2-25y^2-6x+10y
Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
a)(5x-4)(4x-5)-(x-3)(x-2)-(5x-4)(3x-2)
b)(5x-4)(4x-5)+(5x-1)(x+4)+3(3x-2)(4-5x)
c)(5x-4)^2+(16-25x^2)+(5x-4)(3x+2)
d)x^4-x^3-x+1
e)x^6-x^4+2x^3+2x^2
a)x^2-(a+b)x+ab
= x^2 - ax - bx + ab
= (x^2 - ax) - (bx - ab)
= x(x-a) - b(x-a)
= (x-b)(x-a)
b)7x^3-3xyz-21x^2+9z
=
c)4x+4y-x^2(x+y)
= 4(x + y) - x^2(x+y)
= (4-x^2) (x+y)
= (2-x)(2+x)(x+y)
d) y^2+y-x^2+x
= (y^2 - x^2) + (x+y)
= (y-x)(y+x)+ (x+y)
= (y-x+1) (x+y)
e)4x^2-2x-y^2-y
= [(2x)^2 - y^2] - (2x +y)
= (2x-y)(2x+y) - (2x+y)
= (2x -y -1)(2x+y)
f)9x^2-25y^2-6x+10y
=
Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử:
a) x - 2y + x^2- 4y^2
b) x^2 - 4x^2y^2 + y^2 + 2xy
c) x^6 - x^4 +2x^3 + 2x^2
d) x^3 + 3x^2 + 3x +1 - 8y^3
a) Ta có: \(x-2y+x^2-4y^2\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)+\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y+1\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(x^2+2xy+y^2-4x^2y^2\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(2xy\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+y+2xy\right)\left(x+y-2xy\right)\)
c) Ta có: \(x^6-x^4+2x^3+2x^2\)
\(=x^4\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)+2x^2\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left[x^4\left(x-1\right)+2x^2\right]\)
\(=x^2\left(x+1\right)\left[x^2\left(x-1\right)+2\right]\)
\(=x^2\left(x+1\right)\cdot\left(x^3-x^2+2\right)\)
d) Ta có: \(x^3+3x^2+3x+1-8y^3\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^3-\left(2y\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x+1-2y\right)\left[\left(x+1\right)^2+2y\left(x+1\right)+4y^2\right]\)
\(=\left(x-2y+1\right)\left(x^2+2x+1+2xy+2y+4y^2\right)\)
Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử:
a) x - 2y + x^2 - 4y^2
b) x^2 - 4x^2y^2 + y^2 + 2xy
c) x^6 - x^4 + 2x^3 + 2x^2
d) x^3 + 3x^2 + 3x + 1 - 8y^3
a, \(x-2y+x^2-4y^2=\left(x-2y\right)+\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)=\left(x-2y\right)\left(1+x+2y\right)\)
b, \(x^2-4x^2y^2+y^2+2xy=\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(2xy\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+y-2xy\right)\left(x+y+2xy\right)\)
c, \(x^6-x^4+2x^3+2x^2=x^6+2x^3+1-x^4+2x^2-1\)
\(=\left(x^3+1\right)^2-\left(x^2-1\right)^2=\left(x^3-x^2+2\right)\left(x^3+x^2\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(x+1\right)\left(x^3-x^2+2\right)\)
d, \(x^3+3x^2+3x+1-8y^3=\left(x+1\right)^3-\left(2y\right)^3=\left(x+1-2y\right)\left(x+1+2y\right)\)
a) Ta có: \(x-2y+x^2-4y^2\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)+\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)\left(1+x+2y\right)\)
b: Ta có: \(x^2-4x^2y^2+y^2+2xy\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(2xy\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+y-2xy\right)\left(x+y+2xy\right)\)
Bài 8: Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử.
a, x^4 - y^4
b, x^2 - 3y^2
c, (3x - 2y)^2 - (2x - 3y)^2
d, 9(x -y)^2 - 4(x + y)^2
e, (4x^2 - 4x + 1) - (x+1)^2
f, x^3 + 27
g, 27x^3 - 0,001
h, 125x^3 - 1
a) \(x^4-y^4\)
\(=\left(x^2\right)^2-\left(y^2\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
b) \(x^2-3y^2\)
\(=x^2-\left(y\sqrt{3}\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y\sqrt{3}\right)\left(x+y\sqrt{3}\right)\)
c) \(\left(3x-2y\right)^2-\left(2x-3y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(3x-2y+2x-3y\right)\left(3x-2y-2x+3y\right)\)
\(=\left(5x-5y\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=5\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
d) \(9\left(x-y\right)^2-4\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(=\left[3\left(x-y\right)+2\left(x+y\right)\right]\left[3\left(x-y\right)-2\left(x+y\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(3x-3y+2x+2y\right)\left(3x-3y-2x-2y\right)\)
\(=\left(5x-y\right)\left(x-5y\right)\)
e) \(\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)-\left(x+1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2x-1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(2x-1+x+1\right)\left(2x-1-x-1\right)\)
\(=3x\left(x-2\right)\)
f) \(x^3+27\)
\(=x^3+3^3\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x+9\right)\)
g) \(27x^3-0,001\)
\(=\left(3x\right)^3-\left(0,1\right)^3\)
\(=\left(3x-0,1\right)\left(9x^2+0,3x+0,01\right)\)
h) \(125x^3-1\)
\(=\left(5x\right)^3-1^3\)
\(=\left(5x-1\right)\left(25x^2+5x+1\right)\)
Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử
a)x^2.(y-z)+y^2.(z-x)+z^2.(x-y)
b) (2x+5)^2-(x-9)^2
c)(2x+3)^2- 25.(x-1)^2
d)(4x^2-3x-18)^2-(4x^2+3x)^2
e)-4x^2+12xy-9y^2+25
f) 8x^2-2
g)8x^3-64
h)125x^3+1