Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:

\(\dfrac{x-1}{2}=\dfrac{y+3}{4}=\dfrac{z-5}{6}=\dfrac{3x-3}{6}=\dfrac{4y+12}{16}=\dfrac{5z-25}{30}=\dfrac{-3x+3-4y-12+5z-25}{-6-16+30}=\dfrac{50+3-12-25}{8}=\dfrac{16}{8}=2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=4\\y+3=8\\z-5=12\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\y=5\\z=17\end{matrix}\right.\)

b: Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:

\(\dfrac{x-1}{2}=\dfrac{y+3}{4}=\dfrac{z-5}{6}=\dfrac{-3x-4y+5z+3-12-25}{-3\cdot2-4\cdot4+5\cdot6}=\dfrac{16}{8}=2\)

Do đó: x=5; y=5; z=17

\(a,\dfrac{x^3}{8}=\dfrac{y^3}{27}=\dfrac{z^3}{64}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{4}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{4}=\dfrac{y^2}{9}=\dfrac{z^2}{16}\)

Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:

\(\dfrac{x^2}{4}=\dfrac{y^2}{9}=\dfrac{z^2}{16}=\dfrac{x^2+2y^2-3z^2}{4+18-48}=\dfrac{-650}{-26}=25\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2=100\\y^2=225\\z^2=400\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\pm10\\y=\pm15\\z=\pm20\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(\left(x;y;z\right)\) có giá trị là hoán vị của \(\left(\pm10;\pm15;\pm20\right)\)

Áp dụng bđt Cauchy Schwarz dạng Engel:

P=\(\frac{x^2}{y+3z}+\frac{y^2}{z+3x}+\frac{z^2}{x+3y}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{y+3z+z+3x+x+3y}=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{3^2}{4.3}=\frac{3}{4}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=z=1

\(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4};\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{z}{6}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{15}=\dfrac{y}{20}=\dfrac{z}{24}\)

Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{15}=\dfrac{y}{20}=\dfrac{z}{24}=k\Rightarrow x=15k;y=20k;z=24k\)

\(M=\dfrac{30k+60k+96k}{45k+80k+120k}=\dfrac{186}{245}\)

`P=x^3/(x+y)+y^3/(y+z)+z^3/(z+x)`

`=x^4/(x^2+xy)+y^4/(y^2+yz)+z^4/(z^2+zx)`

Ad bđt cosi-swart:

`P>=(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(x^2+y^2+z^2+xy+yz+zx)`

Mà `xy+yz+zx<=x^2+y^2+z^2)`

`=>P>=(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(2(x^2+y^2+z^2))=(x^2+y^2+z^2)/2=3/2`

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi `x=y=z=1`

`Q=(x^3+y^3)/(x+2y)+(y^3+z^3)/(y+2z)+(z^3+x^3)/(z+2x)`

`Q=(x^3/(x+2y)+y^3/(y+2z)+z^3/(z+2x))+(y^3/(x+2y)+z^3/(y+2z)+x^3/(z+2x))`

`Q=(x^4/(x^2+2xy)+y^4/(y^2+2yz)+z^4/(z^2+2zx))+(y^4/(xy+2y^2)+z^4/(yz+2z^4)+x^4/(xz+2x^2))`

Áp dụng BĐT cosi-swart ta có:

`Q>=(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2zx)+(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(2(x^2+y^2+z^2)+xy+yz+zx))`

Mà`xy+yz+zx<=x^2+y^2+z^2`

`=>Q>=(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(3(x^2+y^2+z^2))+(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(3(x^2+y^2+z^2))=(2(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2)/(3(x^2+y^2+z^2))=(2(x^2+y^2+z^2))/3=2`

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi `x=y=z=1.`

Áp dụng BĐT Svácxơ, ta có:

\(A=\dfrac{x^2}{y+z}+\dfrac{y^2}{z+x}+\dfrac{z^2}{x+y}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}=\dfrac{2}{2}=1\)

\(MinA=1\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{2}{3}\)