a.

Với \(y=0\) không phải nghiệm

Với \(y\ne0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+2=\dfrac{5}{y}\\2x\left(x+y\right)+y=\dfrac{5}{y}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow3x+2=2x\left(x+y\right)+y\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+\left(2y-3\right)x+y-2=0\)

\(\Delta=\left(2y-3\right)^2-8\left(y-2\right)=\left(2y-5\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-2y+3+2y-5}{4}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=\dfrac{-2y+3-2y+5}{4}=-y+2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Thế vào pt đầu ...

Câu b chắc chắn đề sai

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^3y^2+x^2y^3+x^3y+2x^2y^2+xy^3-30=0\\x^2y+xy^2+xy+x+y-11=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2y^2\left(x+y\right)+xy\left(x+y\right)^2-30=0\\xy\left(x+y\right)+xy+x+y-11=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy\left(x+y\right)\left[xy+x+y\right]-30=0\\xy\left(x+y\right)+xy+x+y-11=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy\left(x+y\right)=u\\xy+x+y=v\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}uv-30=0\\u+v-11=0\end{matrix}\right.\)  \(\Rightarrow\left(u;v\right)=\left(6;5\right);\left(5;6\right)\)

TH1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy\left(x+y\right)=6\\xy+x+y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

Theo Viet đảo \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=3\\xy=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;2\right);\left(2;1\right)\)hoặc \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=2\\xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\)(vô nghiệm)

TH2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy\left(x+y\right)=5\\xy+x+y=6\end{matrix}\right.\) 

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=5\\xy=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow...\) hoặc \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=1\\xy=5\end{matrix}\right.\) (vô nghiệm)

2 câu dưới hình như em hỏi rồi?

a, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)=13\\\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)=25\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)=26\\\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)^2=25\end{matrix}\right.\)

Trừ vế theo vế \(pt\left(1\right)\) cho \(pt\left(2\right)\) ta được:

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+y^2-2xy\right)=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^3=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-y=1\)

Khi đó hệ trở thành:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y^2=13\\\left(x+y\right)^2=25\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y^2=13\\13+2xy=25\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y^2=13\\2xy=12\end{matrix}\right.\)

Cộng vế theo vế 2 phương trình:

\(\left(x+y\right)^2=25\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+y=\pm5\)

TH1: \(x+y=5\)

Ta có hệ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=1\\x+y=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

TH2: \(x+y=-5\)

Ta có hệ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=1\\x+y=-5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x^2+x-\dfrac{1}{y}=2\\y-y^2x-2y^2=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

ĐK: \(y\ne0\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x^2+x-\dfrac{1}{y}=2\\y-y^2x-2y^2=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x^2+x-\dfrac{1}{y}=2\\\dfrac{1}{y}-x-2=-\dfrac{2}{y^2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đặt \(\dfrac{1}{y}=t\), hệ trở thành:

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x^2+x-t=2\\2t^2+t-x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-t\right)\left(x+t+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\)

\(1,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3-y\\3-y+2y=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3-y\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\\ 2,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2x-1=3\\y=2x+1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=2\left(-2\right)+1=-3\end{matrix}\right.\\ 3,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+3x-6=4\\y=x-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ 4,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y+2\\y+2=3y+8\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y+2\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\\ 5,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1+y}{2}\\\dfrac{3+3y}{2}-4y=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1+y}{2}\\3+3y-8y=4\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{y+1}{2}\\y=-\dfrac{1}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{5}\\y=-\dfrac{1}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)

a.

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^4+y^4=34\\y=2-x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow x^4+\left(x-2\right)^4=34\)

Đặt \(x-1=t\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(t+1\right)^4+\left(t-1\right)^4=34\)

\(\Leftrightarrow t^4+6t^2-16=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t^2=2\\t^2=-8\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=\sqrt{2}\Rightarrow x=\sqrt{2}+1\Rightarrow y=1-\sqrt{2}\\t=-\sqrt{2}\Rightarrow x=1-\sqrt{2}\Rightarrow y=1+\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

b.

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy^2-x^2y+6x-y^2-y-6=0\\x^2y-xy^2+6y-x^2-x-6=0\end{matrix}\right.\) (1)

Lần lượt cộng 2 vế và trừ 2 vế ta được:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x^2-y^2+5x+5y-12=0\\2xy\left(y-x\right)+7\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y^2-5\left(x+y\right)+12=0\\\left(y-x\right)\left(2xy-x-y-7\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

Th1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x^2+y^2-5\left(x+y\right)+12=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow2x^2-10x+12=0\Rightarrow...\)

TH2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2xy-\left(x+y\right)-7=0\\x^2+y^2-5\left(x+y\right)+12=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2xy-\left(x+y\right)-7=0\\\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy-5\left(x+y\right)+12=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=u\\xy=v\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2v-u-7=0\\u^2-2v-5u+12=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow u^2-6u+5=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\)

3a)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x-2}+\dfrac{1}{2y-1}=2\\\dfrac{2}{x-2}-\dfrac{3}{2y-1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\) (ĐK: x≠2;y≠\(\dfrac{1}{2}\))

Đặt \(\dfrac{1}{x-2}=a;\dfrac{1}{2y-1}=b\) (ĐK: a>0; b>0)

Hệ phương trình đã cho trở thành

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2\\2a-3b=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2-b\\2\left(2-b\right)-3b=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2-b\\4-2b-3b=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2-b\\b=\dfrac{3}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{7}{5}\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\\b=\dfrac{3}{5}\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) Khi đó \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x-2}=\dfrac{7}{5}\\\dfrac{1}{2y-1}=\dfrac{3}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7\left(x-2\right)=5\\3\left(2y-1\right)=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7x-14=5\\6y-3=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{19}{7}\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\\y=\dfrac{4}{3}\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) Vậy hệ phương trình đã cho có nghiệm duy nhất (x;y)=\(\left(\dfrac{19}{7};\dfrac{4}{3}\right)\)

b) Bạn làm tương tự như câu a kết quả là (x;y)=\(\left(\dfrac{12}{5};\dfrac{-14}{5}\right)\)

c)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-1}+2\sqrt{y}=13\\2\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{y}=4\end{matrix}\right.\)(ĐK: x≥1;y≥0)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-1}+2\sqrt{y}=13\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-1}+4\sqrt{x-1}=13\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7\sqrt{x-1}=13\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}49\left(x-1\right)=169\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}49x-49=169\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{218}{49}\\y=\dfrac{4}{49}\end{matrix}\right.\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\)

Bài 4:

Theo đề, ta có hệ:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\left(3a-2\right)-2\left(2b+1\right)=30\\3\left(a+2\right)+2\left(3b-1\right)=-20\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>9a-6-4b-2=30 và 3a+6+6b-2=-20

=>9a-4b=38 và 3a+6b=-20+2-6=-24

=>a=2; b=-5

d: =>6y+2-4x+4=5 và 15y+5-8x+8=9

=>-4x+6y=-1 và -8x+15y=-4

=>x=-3/4; y=-2/3

c: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=-1\\y+1=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

b: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3y-15+2x-6=0\\7x-28+3y+3y-3=14\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+3y=21\\7x+6y=45\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\dfrac{19}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

a.

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4xy+8x-6y-12=4xy-12x+54\\3xy-3x+3y-3=3xy+3y-12\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}20x-6y=66\\-3x=-9\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

b.

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=1-x\\x^2+xy+3=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x\left(1-x\right)+3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+3=0\Rightarrow x=-3\Rightarrow y=4\)

c.

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\frac{2x-5}{3}\\x^2-y^2=40\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2-\left(\frac{2x-5}{3}\right)^2-40=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow9x^2-\left(4x^2-20x+25\right)-360=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow5x^2+20x-385=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=7\Rightarrow y=3\\x=-11\Rightarrow y=-9\end{matrix}\right.\)

d.

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\frac{36-3x}{2}\\\left(x-2\right)\left(y-3\right)=18\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(\frac{36-3x}{2}-3\right)=18\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(10-x\right)=12\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-x^2+12x-32=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\Rightarrow y=12\\x=8\Rightarrow y=6\end{matrix}\right.\)

e.

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+2y=10m-2\\x-2y=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x=10m\\x-2y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2m\\y=m-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(x^2-2y^2=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4m^2-2\left(m-1\right)^2=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4m^2-\left(2m^2-4m+2\right)-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2m^2+4m-3=0\Rightarrow m=\frac{-2\pm\sqrt{10}}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)\left(x+y-2\right)=6\\\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)\left(x+y-2\right)=6\\\left(x+y-2\right)^2-2\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)=v\\x+y-2=u\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}uv=6\\u^2-2v=5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow u^2-\dfrac{12}{u}=5\)

\(\Rightarrow u^3-5u-12=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(u-3\right)\left(u^2+3u+4\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow u=3\Rightarrow v=2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y-2=3\\\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=5-x\\\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(5-x-1\right)=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\) em tự hoàn thành bài toán