chứng minh rằng:\(\dfrac{a+b}{ab+c^2}+\dfrac{b+c}{bc+a^2}+\dfrac{c+a}{ac+b^2}\le\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\)
Cho a,b,c > 0 và ab + bc + ac = 1. Chứng minh rằng :\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\le\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+ab+ac+bc}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\dfrac{a}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}\right)\) Chứng minh tương tự ta được:
\(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{b}{b+a}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}\right);\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{c+b}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+a}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{c+b}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a+b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b+c}{b+c}+\dfrac{c+a}{c+a}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+1+1\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\) Dấu = xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+ab+bc+ca}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}\right)\) ; \(\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}\right)\)
Cộng vế:
\(VT\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Cho a, b, c > . Chứng minh rằng:
a, \(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\)
b, \(\dfrac{1}{a^2+bc}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+ac}+\dfrac{1}{c^2+ab}\le\dfrac{a+b+c}{2abc}\)
a.
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b+c}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2\left(b+c\right)}{4\left(b+c\right)}}=a\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c+a}{4}\ge b\) ; \(\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}+\dfrac{a+b}{4}\ge c\)
Cộng vế:
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}+\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\ge a+b+c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
b.
Ta có:
\(a^2+bc\ge2\sqrt{a^2bc}=2\sqrt{ab.ac}\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^2+bc}\le\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{ab.ac}}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{ac}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{1}{b^2+ac}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}\right)\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{c^2+ab}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{ac}+\dfrac{1}{bc}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(\dfrac{1}{a^2+bc}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+ac}+\dfrac{1}{c^2+ab}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}\right)=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2abc}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Cho a,b,c >0. Chứng minh rằng
\(\dfrac{1}{a^2+bc}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+ac}+\dfrac{1}{c^2+ab}\le\dfrac{a+b+c}{2abc}\)
Cho a,b,c là các số thực dương. Chứng minh bất đẳng thức:
\(\dfrac{a+b}{bc+a^2}+\dfrac{b+c}{ac+b^2}+\dfrac{c+a}{ab+c^2}\le\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\)
Xét hiệu VT - VP
\(\dfrac{a+b}{bc+a^2}+\dfrac{b+c}{ab+b^2}+\dfrac{c+a}{ab+c^2}-\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{a^2+ab-bc-a^2}{a\left(bc+a^2\right)}+\dfrac{b^2+bc-ac-b^2}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{c^2+ac-ab-c^2}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}=\dfrac{b\left(a-c\right)}{a\left(bc+a^2\right)}+\dfrac{c\left(b-a\right)}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{a\left(c-b\right)}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}\)
Do a,b,c bình đẳng nên giả sử a\(\ge\)b\(\ge\)c, khi đó \(b\left(a-c\right)\)\(\ge\)0, c(b-a)\(\le\)0, a(c-b)\(\le\)0
\(a^3\ge b^3\ge c^3=>abc+a^3\ge abc+b^3\ge abc+c^3\)=>\(\dfrac{b\left(a-c\right)}{a\left(bc+a^2\right)}\le\dfrac{b\left(a-c\right)}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}\)
=> VT -VP \(\le\) \(\dfrac{b\left(a-c\right)}{a\left(bc+a^2\right)}+\dfrac{c\left(b-a\right)}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{a\left(c-b\right)}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}=\dfrac{ab-ac}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}+\dfrac{ac-ab}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}=\dfrac{a\left(b-c\right)}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}-\dfrac{a\left(b-c\right)}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}\)
mà \(\dfrac{1}{b\left(ac+b^2\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{c\left(ab+c^2\right)}\) nên VT-VP <0 đpcm
Ta viết bất đẳng thức đã cho lại thành
\(\sum\left[\dfrac{1}{c}-\dfrac{\left(a+b+2c\right)}{2\left(ab+c^2\right)}\right]\ge\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{2\prod\left(ab+c^2\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sum\dfrac{c\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab\left(a^2+bc\right)\left(b^2+ca\right)}\ge\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{\prod\left(ab+c^2\right)}\)
Hay \(S_a\left(b-c\right)^2+S_b\left(c-a\right)^2+S_c\left(a-b\right)^2\ge\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{\prod\left(ab+c^2\right)}\quad\left(1\right)\)
Vậy $VT\geq 0$ và $S_a+S_b\ge 0;S_b+S_c\ge 0.$ Nếu \(a\ge b\ge c\rightarrow VT\ge0\ge VP,\) ta chỉ xét \(a\le b\le c.\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(S_a+S_b\right)\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(S_b+S_c\right)\left(a-b\right)^2\ge\left[\dfrac{\left(c-a\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{\prod\left(ab+c^2\right)}-2S_b\right]\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\)
Đặt \(c=a+x+y,b=a+x\Rightarrow x=b-a;y=c-b\left(x,y\ge0\right)\) thay vào rút gọn các thứ là đpcm.
P/s: Cách này khá trâu nhưng chịu thôi, bài này mình nghĩ khá chặt.
Cho 3 số dương a,b,c biết 0≤ a ≤ b ≤ c ≤ 1
Chứng minh rằng \(\dfrac{a}{bc+1}+\dfrac{b}{ac+1}+\dfrac{c}{ab+1}\) ≤ 2
Ta có: \(0\le a\le b\le c\le1\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1-a\ge0\\1-b\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow1-b-a+ab\ge0\Leftrightarrow1+ab\ge a+b\)(1)
Tiếp tục chứng minh ta được: \(0\le a\le b\le c\le1\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1\ge c\\ab\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)(2)
Cộng theo vế pt(1) với pt(2) ta được:
\(1+ab+1+ab\ge a+b+c+0\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(ab+1\right)\ge a+b+c\)
Nên: \(\dfrac{c}{ab+1}=\dfrac{2c}{2\left(ab+1\right)}\le\dfrac{2c}{a+b+c}\)
Chứng minh tương tự suy ra đpcm
Câu hỏi của Phạm Quốc Anh - Toán lớp 7 - Học toán với OnlineMath
Cho a,b,c>0 Chứng minh rằng:
\(\dfrac{b+c}{a^2+bc}+\dfrac{c+a}{b^2+ca}+\dfrac{a+b}{c^2+ab}\le\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\)
Đặt \(T=\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)>0\)
\(BDT\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2+bc}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2+ca}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2+ab}{a+b}\ge a+b+c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2+bc}{b+c}-a+\dfrac{b^2+ca}{c+a}-b+\dfrac{c^2+ab}{a+b}-c\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2+bc-ab-ac}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2+ac-ab-bc}{a+c}+\dfrac{c^2+ab-ac-bc}{a+b}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}{b+c}+\dfrac{\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}{a+c}+\dfrac{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}{a+b}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a^2-b^2\right)\left(a^2-c^2\right)+\left(b^2-a^2\right)\left(b^2-c^2\right)+\left(c^2-a^2\right)\left(c^2-b^2\right)}{T}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^4+b^4+c^4-b^2c^2-c^2a^2-a^2b^2}{T}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a^2-b^2\right)^2+\left(b^2-c^2\right)^2+\left(c^2-a^2\right)^2}{2T}\ge0\)
Xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
\(BĐT\Leftrightarrow\sum\left(\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{b+c}{a^2+bc}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sum\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}{a\left(a^2+bc\right)}\ge0\)
Giả sử \(a\ge b\ge c\)thì
\(\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}{a\left(a^2+bc\right)}\ge0\).vậy nên chỉ cần chứng minh
\(\dfrac{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}{b\left(b^2+ac\right)}+\dfrac{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}{c\left(c^2+ab\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b-c\right)\left[\dfrac{b-a}{b\left(b^2+ac\right)}+\dfrac{a-c}{c\left(c^2+ab\right)}\right]\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b-c\right)\left[\left(b-a\right)\left(c^3+abc\right)+\left(a-c\right)\left(b^3+abc\right)\right]\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b-c\right)^2\left(b+c\right)\left(ab+ac-bc\right)\ge0\)( đúng vì \(a\ge b\ge c\))
Vậy BĐT được chứng minh.
Dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c
nhờ mọi người giúp:
cho a;b;c dương, chứng minh
\(\dfrac{b+c}{a^2+bc}+\dfrac{c+a}{b^2+ca}+\dfrac{a+b}{c^2+ab}\le\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\frac{b+c}{a^2+bc}=\frac{(b+c)^2}{(b+c)(a^2+bc)}=\frac{(b+c)^2}{b(a^2+c^2)+c(a^2+b^2)}\leq \frac{c^2}{b(a^2+c^2)}+\frac{b^2}{c(a^2+b^2)}\)
Tương tự với các phân thức còn lại:
$\frac{c+a}{b^2+ca}\leq \frac{c^2}{b(a^2+c^2)}+\frac{a^2}{c(a^2+b^2)}$
$\frac{a+b}{c^2+ab}\leq \frac{a^2}{b(a^2+c^2)}+\frac{b^2}{c(a^2+b^2)}$
Cộng theo vế và thu gọn suy ra:
$\text{VT}\leq \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}$ (đpcm)
\(\dfrac{a+b}{c^2+ab}+\dfrac{b+c}{a^2+bc}+\dfrac{c+a}{b^2+ac}\le\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\)
từ giả thiết, ta có \(\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{yz}+\dfrac{1}{zx}=1\)
đặt \(\left(\dfrac{1}{xy};\dfrac{1}{yz};\dfrac{1}{zx}\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\Rightarrow a+b+c=1\) =>\(\left(\dfrac{ac}{b};\dfrac{ab}{c};\dfrac{bc}{a}\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2};\dfrac{1}{y^2};\dfrac{1}{z^2}\right)\)
ta có VT=\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{x^2}}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{y^2}}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1+\dfrac{1}{z^1}}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{1+\dfrac{ac}{b}}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{1+\dfrac{ab}{c}}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{1+\dfrac{bc}{a}}}\)
=\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\dfrac{b+ac}{b}}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\dfrac{a+bc}{a}}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\dfrac{c+ab}{c}}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\)
\(\le\sqrt{3}\sqrt{\dfrac{ac+ab+bc+ba+ca+cb}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}=\sqrt{3}.\sqrt{\dfrac{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\)
ta cần chứng minh \(\sqrt{\dfrac{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\le\dfrac{3}{2}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\le\dfrac{9}{4}\Leftrightarrow8\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le9\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\)
<=>\(8\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le9\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\) (luôn đúng )
^_^