a)

Gọi số mol Na, Ca là a, b (mol)

=> 23a + 40b = 17,2 (1)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Na + 2H₂O --> 2NaOH + H₂

            a---------------->a------>0,5a

             Ca + 2H₂O --> Ca(OH)₂ + H₂

             b---------------->b------>b

=> 0,5a + b = 0,4 (2)

(1)(2) => a = 0,4 (mol); b = 0,2 (mol)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Na}=\dfrac{0,4.23}{17,2}.100\%=53,49\%\\\%m_{Ca}=\dfrac{0,2.40}{17,2}.100\%=46,51\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) 

m_NaOH = 0,4.40 = 16 (g)

m_Ca(OH)2 = 0,2.74 = 14,8 (g)

m_{dd sau pư} = 17,2 + 120 - 0,4.2 = 136,4 (g)

a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Na + 2H₂O --> 2NaOH + H₂

_____0,1<----------------0,1<------0,05

=> m_Na = 0,1.23 = 2,3 (g)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Na=\dfrac{2,3}{4,7}.100\%=48,936\%\\\%Mg=100\%-48,936\%=51,064\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) 

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,7-2,3}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl₂ + H₂

______0,1-->0,2-------------->0,1

2Na + 2HCl --> 2NaCl + H₂

0,1-->0,1-------------->0,05

=> m_HCl = (0,1+0,2).36,5 = 10,95 (g)

=> \(C\%\left(HCl\right)=\dfrac{10,95}{200}.100\%=5,475\%\)

=> V_H2 = (0,1 + 0,05).22,4 = 3,36 (l)

thôi thì mình làm cho bn vậy, câu a ko làm dc đâu, làm câu b thôi, làm sao biết dc chất nào dư khi chỉ có số mol 1 chất?

nK2SO3=0.1367(mol)

mddH2SO4=Vdd.D=200.1,04=208(g)

K2SO3+H2SO4-->K2SO4+H2O+SO2

0.1367----0.1367----0.1367---------0.1367   (mol)

mddspu=100+208-0,1367.64=299.2512(g) ; mK2SO4=0,1367.174=23.7858(g)

==>C%=23.7858.100/299.512=7.94%

2)pt bn tự ghi nhé

ta có hệ pt: 56a+27b=11 và a+3b/2=8.96/22.4==>a=0.1, b=0.2

==>%Fe=0.1x56x100/11=50.9%

%Al=100%-50.9%=49.1%

b)nH2SO4= 0.7(mol)==>VddH2SO4=0.7/2=0.35(L)

bn xem lại đề nhé, bài 1mình thấy số mol ra lẻ><

a) Sửa đề: `3,7285 -> 3,7185` và `2,075 -> 20,75`

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,7185}{24,79}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

Đặt CT chung của 2 kim loại kiềm là R

\(2R+2H_2O\rightarrow2ROH+H_2\)

 0,3<-------------0,3<-----0,15

\(ROH+HCl\rightarrow RCl+H_2O\)

  0,3------------->0,3

\(\Rightarrow M_{RCl}=\dfrac{20,75}{0,3}=\dfrac{415}{6}\left(g/mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow M_R=\dfrac{415}{6}-35,5=\dfrac{101}{3}\left(g/mol\right)\)

`=>` 2 kim loại là Na và K

b) Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Na}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_K=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=0,3\\58,5+74,5=20,75\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Na}=0,1.23=2,3\left(g\right)\\m_K=0,2.39=7,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

a, \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

\(m_{HCl}=730.10\%=73\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{73}{36,5}=2\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{17,92}{22,4}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

→ n_HCl > 2n_H2 ⇒ HCl dư.

Ta có: 27n_Al + 65n_Zn = 23,8 (1)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Zn}=0,8\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,4.27}{23,8}.100\%\approx45,4\%\\\%m_{Zn}\approx54,6\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=2n_{H_2}=1,6\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=2-1,6=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = 23,8 + 730 - 0,8.2 = 752,2 (g)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,4.133,5}{752,2}.100\%\approx7,1\%\\C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.136}{752,2}.100\%\approx3,62\%\\C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{752,2}.100\%\approx1,94\%\end{matrix}\right.\)