\(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+d}+\dfrac{d}{d+a}=2\)

\(1-\dfrac{a}{a+b}-\dfrac{b}{b+c}+1-\dfrac{c}{c+d}-\dfrac{d}{d+a}=0\)

\(\dfrac{b}{a+b}-\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{d}{c+d}-\dfrac{d}{d+a}=0\)

\(\dfrac{b\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{d\left(a-c\right)}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}=0\)

<=>b(c+d)(d+a)+d(a+b)(b+c)=0 (vì c≠a)

<=>abc-acd+bd²-b²d=0

<=> (b-d)(ac-bd)=0 <=> ac - bd =0 (vì b≠d) <=> ac = bd

Vậy abcd =(ac)(bd)=(ac)²

Đề lỗi ảnh hiển thị hết rồi. Bạn coi lại.

a/

\(5a+2b⋮7\Rightarrow2\left(5a+2b\right)=10a+4b⋮7\)

\(7a⋮7\)

\(\Rightarrow10a+4b-7a=3a+4b⋮7\)

Từ \(8b-9a=31\Leftrightarrow8b=9a+31\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{11}{17}< \dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{23}{29}\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}17a>11b\\29a< 23b\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}17.8a>11.8b\\29.8a< 23.8b\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}136a>11\left(9a+31\right)\\232a< 23\left(9a+31\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}136a>99a+341\\232a< 207a+713\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}37a>341\\25a< 713\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{341}{37}< a< \dfrac{713}{25}\)

Mà a là số tự nhiên \(\Rightarrow9< a< 29\) (1)

Lại có \(8b-9a=31\Leftrightarrow8\left(b-a\right)=a+31\)

\(\Rightarrow a+31\) chia hết cho 8 \(\Rightarrow a\) chia 8 dư 1 (2)

(1);(2) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=17\\a=25\end{matrix}\right.\)

Với \(a=17\Rightarrow b=23\)

Với \(a=25\Rightarrow b=32\)

Ta có: \(a=b+c\Rightarrow c=a-b\)

\(\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{b^2c^2+a^2c^2+a^2b^2}{a^2b^2c^2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{b^2\left(a-b\right)^2+a^2\left(a-b\right)^2+a^2b^2}{a^2b^2c^2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{b^4+a^2b^2-2ab^3+a^4+a^2b^2-2a^3b+a^2b^2}{a^2b^2c^2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2-2ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)+a^2b^2}{a^2b^2c^2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2-ab\right)^2}{a^2b^2c^2}}=\left|\dfrac{a^2+b^2-ab}{abc}\right|\)

=> Là một số hữu tỉ do a,b,c là số hữu tỉ

Điều kiện đề bài ⇒(2c)2=(a+c)(b+c)⇒(2c)2=(a+c)(b+c). Gọi d=gcd(a+c,b+c)d=gcd(a+c,b+c) thì do a−b=p∈Pa−b=p∈P nên d=1d=1hoặc d=pd=p

Nếu d=1d=1 thì a+c=x2,b+c=y2a+c=x2,b+c=y2 ( xy=2cxy=2c)

⇒p=(x−y)(x+y)⇒p=(x−y)(x+y). p=2p=2 thì vô lý. pp lẻ thì dễ thấy x=p+12=a−b+12x=p+12=a−b+12 và y=a−b−12y=a−b−12

⇒2c=xy=(a−b−1)(a−b+1)4⇒8c+1=(a−b)2⇒2c=xy=(a−b−1)(a−b+1)4⇒8c+1=(a−b)2 là scp

Nếu d=pd=p thì a+c=pm2,b+c=pn2a+c=pm2,b+c=pn2 ( 2c=pmn2c=pmn)

⇒(m−n)(m+n)=1→m=1,n=0⇒(m−n)(m+n)=1→m=1,n=0 (loại)

\(\Leftrightarrow c-a=\dfrac{b}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{b^2-a}{ab}\)

\(\Rightarrow b^2-a=ab\left(c-a\right)\Rightarrow b^2=a\left[b\left(c-a\right)+1\right]\)

\(\Rightarrow b^2⋮b\left(c-a\right)+1\) (1)

Nếu \(b\left(c-a\right)+1\ne1\) , do b và \(b\left(c-a\right)+1\) nguyên tố cùng nhau

\(\Rightarrow b⋮̸b\left(c-a\right)+1\Rightarrow b^2⋮̸b\left(c-a\right)+1\) trái với (1)

\(\Rightarrow b\left(c-a\right)+1=1\Rightarrow c=a\)

\(\Rightarrow b^2=a\Rightarrow ab=b^3\) là lập phương 1 số tự nhiên

Dấu BĐT bị ngược, sửa đề: \(\dfrac{1}{a^4+b^4+2ab^4}+\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^4+2a^2b^2}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\).

Đặt \(b^2=x\left(x>0\right)\Rightarrow a+x=2ax\).

Khi đó ta cần chứng minh:

\(\dfrac{1}{a^4+x^2+2ax^2}+\dfrac{1}{a^2+x^4+2a^2x}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:

\(\dfrac{1}{a^4+x^2+2ax^2}+\dfrac{1}{a^2+x^4+2a^2x}\)

\(\le\dfrac{1}{2a^2x+2ax^2}+\dfrac{1}{2ax^2+2a^2x}\)

\(=\dfrac{2}{2ax\left(a+x\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{ax\left(a+x\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2a^2x^2}\)

Ta thấy: \(a+x\ge2\sqrt{ax}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2ax\ge2\sqrt{ax}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ax-\sqrt{ax}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{ax}\left(\sqrt{ax}-1\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{ax}\ge1\)

\(\Rightarrow ax\ge1\)

Khi đó: \(\dfrac{1}{2a^2x^2}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^4+x^2+2ax^2}+\dfrac{1}{a^2+x^4+2a^2x}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Hay \(\dfrac{1}{a^4+b^4+2ab^4}+\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^4+2a^2b^2}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\).