cho x,y,z là các số thực dương tm xyz=8
cmr \(\dfrac{1}{2x+y+6}+\dfrac{1}{2y+z+6}+\dfrac{1}{2z+x+6}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)
cho x,y,z là các số thực dương tm đk xyz=8
cmr \(\frac{1}{2x+y+6}\) \(+\frac{1}{2y+z+6}+\frac{1}{2z+x+6}\le\frac{1}{4}\)
Đặt \(x=2a;y=2b;z=2c\)
Thì ta có: \(\sqrt{abc}=1\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{ab}+1}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{bc}+1}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{ca}+1}=1\)
Ta cần chứng minh:
\(\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{2a+b+3}+\frac{1}{2b+c+3}+\frac{1}{2c+a+3}\right)\le\frac{1}{4}\)
Ta có:
\(VT\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{a}+2\sqrt{ab}+2}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{b}+2\sqrt{bc}+2}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{c}+2\sqrt{ca}+2}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}\)
alibaba nguyễn: tớ có 1 khúc mắc là vì sao lại có thể đưa ra dòng thứ 3 (từ trên xuống dưới)
thật vậy ta có \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{ab}+1}\) \(+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{bc}+1}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{ac}+1}\)
=\(\frac{\sqrt{abc}}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{abc}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{bc}+1}+\frac{\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{abc}+\sqrt{b}}\)
=\(\frac{\sqrt{bc}}{1+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{bc}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{bc}+1}+\frac{\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{bc}+1+\sqrt{b}}=\frac{\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{b}+1}{\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{b}+1}=1\)
cho 3 số dương x,y,z thỏa mãn \(\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{y+z}+\dfrac{1}{z+x}=6\)
CMR: \(\dfrac{1}{3x+3y+2z}+\dfrac{1}{3x+2y+3z}+\dfrac{1}{2x+3y+3z}\le\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{3x+3y+2z}=\dfrac{1}{\left(2x+y+z\right)+\left(2y+x+z\right)}\)(1)
Áp dụng BĐT \(\dfrac{1}{x+y}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(1\right)\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x+y+x+z}+\dfrac{1}{y+x+y+z}\right)\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{y+z}\right)\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{2}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+z}+\dfrac{1}{y+z}\right)\)
tương tự với hai ông còn lại sau đó cộng lại ta được:
\(\Sigma\dfrac{1}{3x+3y+2z}\le\dfrac{24}{16}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
1) Cho x,y,z dương thỏa mãn xyz=8 CMR:
\(\dfrac{x^2}{x^2+2x+4}+\dfrac{y^2}{y^2+2y+4}+\dfrac{z^2}{z^2+2z+4}\ge1\)
2) Cho x,y,z >0 và xyz=1 CMR:
(x+\(\dfrac{1}{y}-1\)) \(\left(y+\dfrac{1}{z}-1\right)\left(z+\dfrac{1}{x}-1\right)\le1\)
Bài 1:
\((x,y,z)=(\frac{2a^2}{bc}; \frac{2b^2}{ca}; \frac{2c^2}{ab})\) (\(a,b,c>0\) )
Khi đó:
\(\text{VT}=\frac{\frac{4a^4}{b^2c^2}}{\frac{4a^4}{b^2c^2}+\frac{4a^2}{bc}+1}+\frac{\frac{4b^4}{c^2a^2}}{\frac{4b^4}{c^2a^2}+\frac{4b^2}{ca}+4}+\frac{\frac{4c^4}{a^2b^2}}{\frac{4c^4}{a^2b^2}+\frac{4c^2}{ab}+4}\)
\(=\frac{a^4}{a^4+a^2bc+b^2c^2}+\frac{b^4}{b^4+b^2ac+a^2c^2}+\frac{c^4}{c^4+c^2ab+a^2b^2}\)
\(\geq \frac{(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2}{a^4+b^4+c^4+a^2bc+b^2ac+c^2ab+(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)}\)
(Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy_Schwarz)
Theo BĐT Cauchy dễ thấy:
\(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\geq a^2bc+b^2ca+c^2ab\)
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2}{a^4+b^4+c^4+2(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)}=\frac{(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2}{(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2}=1\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$ hay $x=y=z=2$
Bài 2:
Đặt \((x,y,z)=\left(\frac{a}{b};\frac{b}{c}; \frac{c}{a}\right)\)
Ta có:
\(\text{VT}=\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{c}{b}-1\right)\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{a}{c}-1\right)\left(\frac{c}{a}+\frac{b}{a}-1\right)\)
\(=\frac{(a+c-b)(b+a-c)(c+b-a)}{abc}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy:
\((a+c-b)(b+a-c)\leq \left(\frac{a+c-b+b+a-c}{2}\right)^2=a^2\)
\((b+a-c)(c+b-a)\leq \left(\frac{b+a-c+c+b-a}{2}\right)^2=b^2\)
\((a+c-b)(c+b-a)\leq \left(\frac{a+c-b+c+b-a}{2}\right)^2=c^2\)
Nhân theo vế:
\(\Rightarrow [(a+c-b)(b+a-c)(c+b-a)]^2\leq (abc)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow (a+c-b)(b+a-c)(c+b-a)\leq abc\)
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\leq 1\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$ hay $x=y=z=1$
cho các số thực dương thoả mãn: \(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}=1\)
CMR: \(\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{x+y+2z}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{yz}{y+z+2x}}\sqrt{\dfrac{zx}{z+x+zy}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Có \(\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{x+y+2z}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x+y+2z}}\)\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{\left(1+1+2\right)\left(x+y+2z\right)}}\)\(\le\dfrac{2\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+2\sqrt{z}}\) (theo bunhia dưới mẫu)\(\le\dfrac{2\sqrt{xy}}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{z}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{x+y+2z}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{z}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}\right)\)
Tương tự cũng có:
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{yz}{y+z+2x}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{yz}}{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{yz}}{\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}}\right)\)
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{zx}{z+x+2y}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{zx}}{\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{zx}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế ta được:
\(VT\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{z}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{zx}}{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow VT\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{z}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{9}\)
cho các số dương thỏa x,y,z thỏa mãn \(\dfrac{1}{x}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{y}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{z}\)=4
chứng minh rằng: \(\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{x+2y+z}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{x+y+2z}\)\(\le\)1
Ta cần chứng minh:
\(\dfrac{1}{a+b}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\left(1\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{4}{a+b}\le\dfrac{a+b}{ab}\\ \Leftrightarrow4ab\le\left(a+b\right)^2\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\left(luôn.đúng\right)\)
\(DBXR\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
Do các phép biến đổi tương đương nên (1) luôn đúng
Áp dụng (1), ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+z}\right)\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left[\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\right]=\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{2}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)
Chứng minh tương tự, ta được:
\(\dfrac{1}{x+2y+z}\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{2}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{2}{z}\right)\)
Cộng từng vế BĐT, ta được:
\(\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+2y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\dfrac{1}{16}.\left(\dfrac{4}{x}+\dfrac{4}{y}+\dfrac{4}{z}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}.\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}.4=1\)Hay \(\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+2y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+y+2z}\le1\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(DBXR\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
cho x,y,z là các số dương thỏa mãn :\(\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{y+z}+\dfrac{1}{z+x}=6\)
chứng minh \(\dfrac{1}{3x+3y+2z}+\dfrac{1}{3x+2y+3z}+\dfrac{1}{2x+2y+3z}\le\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Sửa đề nhé\(\dfrac{1}{3x+3y+2z}=\dfrac{1}{\left(z+x\right)+\left(z+y\right)+\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x+z}+\dfrac{1}{z+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+y}\right)\)
CMTT và cộng theo vế:
\(VT\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x+z}+\dfrac{1}{z+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{y+z}+\dfrac{1}{y+z}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{16}.24=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
cho x, y, z \(\in Z^+\)và xyz=1.CMR: \(\dfrac{x^2y^2}{2x^2+y^2+3x^2y^2}+\dfrac{y^2z^2}{2y^2+z^2+3y^2z^2}+\dfrac{z^2x^2}{2z^2+x^2+3y^2z^2}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Ta đặt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x^2}=a\\\dfrac{1}{y^2}=b\\\dfrac{1}{z^2}=c\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{abc}=abc=1\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{ab}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{bc}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{ca}+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{ab}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}+\sqrt{ca}+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{ab}+1}+\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{ba}+1+\sqrt{a}}+\dfrac{1}{1+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{a}}=1\)
Quay lại bài toán, sau khi đặt bài toán trở thành:
\(P=\dfrac{1}{2b+a+3}+\dfrac{1}{2c+b+3}+\dfrac{1}{2a+c+3}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+1\right)+2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b+c\right)+\left(c+1\right)+2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c+a\right)+\left(a+1\right)+2}\)
\(\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{ab}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{bc}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{ca}+1}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Cái đó t cố tình bỏ đấy. B phải tự làm chứ chẳng lẽ t làm hết??
Cho các số thực dương x,y thoả mãn: \(\dfrac{1}{x+1}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{y+1}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{z+1}\)\(\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
CMR: \(\dfrac{1}{2x+1}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{2y+1}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{2z+1}\)\(\ge1\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2x+1}+\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2}{1}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2}{2x+1+1}=\dfrac{8}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{x+1}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{1}{2y+1}+\dfrac{1}{9}\ge\dfrac{8}{9}.\dfrac{1}{y+1}\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{2z+1}+\dfrac{1}{9}\ge\dfrac{8}{9}.\dfrac{1}{z+1}\)
Cộng vế:
\(VT+\dfrac{1}{3}\ge\dfrac{8}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{x+1}+\dfrac{1}{y+1}+\dfrac{1}{z+1}\right)\ge\dfrac{4}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge1\)
Cho x,y,z là các số dương thỏa mãn \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=4\). Tìm Max \(F=\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+2y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+y+2z}\)
Áp dụng BĐT BSC:
\(F=\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+2y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+y+2z}\)
\(\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)+\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)+\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{4}{x}+\dfrac{4}{y}+\dfrac{4}{z}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}.4=1\)
\(maxF=1\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{3}{4}\)