a: \(=\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{xy}+y-x+2\sqrt{xy}-y}{x-y}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\)

\(=\dfrac{4xy}{\left(x-y\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}\)

b: \(=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}-\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)-2\sqrt{y}\)

\(=\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}=0\)

c: \(=\dfrac{x-1-4\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}+1}{x-1}\cdot\dfrac{x-1}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x-3\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)

\(A=\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}+y\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}=x-\sqrt{xy}+y\)

\(B=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}{x\sqrt{x}-y\sqrt{y}}=\dfrac{1}{x+\sqrt{xy}+y}\)

\(C=\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}+x\sqrt{x}}{3-\sqrt{3x}+x}=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{3}\)

\(D=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{5x}+5}{x\sqrt{x}-5\sqrt{5}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{5}}\)

a.

ĐKXĐ: $x\geq 0; y\geq 1$

PT $\Leftrightarrow (x-4\sqrt{x}+4)+(y-1-6\sqrt{y-1}+9)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (\sqrt{x}-2)^2+(\sqrt{y-1}-3)^2=0$
Vì $(\sqrt{x}-2)^2; (\sqrt{y-1}-3)^2\geq 0$ với mọi $x\geq 0; y\geq 1$ nên để tổng của chúng bằng $0$ thì:

$\sqrt{x}-2=\sqrt{y-1}-3=0$

$\Leftrightarrow x=4; y=10$

b.

ĐKXĐ: $x\geq -1; y\geq -2; z\geq -3$
PT $\Leftrightarrow x+y+z+35-4\sqrt{x+1}-6\sqrt{y+2}-8\sqrt{z+3}=0$

$\Leftrightarrow [(x+1)-4\sqrt{x+1}+4]+[(y+2)-6\sqrt{y+2}+9]+[(z+3)-8\sqrt{z+3}+16]=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (\sqrt{x+1}-2)^2+(\sqrt{y+2}-3)^2+(\sqrt{z+3}-4)^2=0$
$\Rightarrow \sqrt{x+1}-2=\sqrt{y+2}-3=\sqrt{z+3}-4=0$
$\Rightarrow x=3; y=7; z=13$

c.

ĐKXĐ: $x\geq \frac{-1}{8}$

PT $\Leftrightarrow 9x+17-6\sqrt{8x+1}-4\sqrt{x+3}=0$

$\Leftrightarrow [(8x+1)-6\sqrt{8x+1}+9]+[(x+3)-4\sqrt{x+3}+4]=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (\sqrt{8x+1}-3)^2+(\sqrt{x+3}-2)^2=0$

$\Rightarrow \sqrt{8x+1}-3=\sqrt{x+3}-2=0$

$\Rightarrow x=1$ (thỏa mãn đkxđ)

\(x^3=3+2\sqrt{2}+3-2\sqrt{2}+3\cdot\sqrt[3]{\left(3+2\sqrt{2}\right)\left(3-2\sqrt{2}\right)}\left(\sqrt[3]{3+2\sqrt{2}}+\sqrt[3]{3-2\sqrt{2}}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow x^3=6+3x\sqrt[3]{1}\\ \Leftrightarrow x^3-3x=6\)

\(y^3=17+12\sqrt{2}+17-12\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt[3]{\left(17-12\sqrt{2}\right)\left(17+12\sqrt{2}\right)}\left(\sqrt[3]{17-12\sqrt{2}}+\sqrt[3]{17+12\sqrt{2}}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow y^3=34+3x\sqrt[3]{1}\\ \Leftrightarrow y^3-3y=34\)

Thay vào P, ta được

\(P=x^3+y^3-3x-3y+1979\\ P=\left(x^3-3x\right)+\left(y^3-3y\right)+1979\\ P=6+34+1979=2019\)

\(x^3=6+3\sqrt[3]{\left(3+2\sqrt[]{2}\right)\left(3-2\sqrt[]{2}\right)}\left(\sqrt[3]{3+2\sqrt[]{2}}+\sqrt[3]{3-2\sqrt[]{2}}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow x^3=6+3x\)

\(\Rightarrow x^3-3x=6\)

Tương tự:

\(y^3=34+3\sqrt[3]{\left(17+12\sqrt[]{2}\right)\left(17-12\sqrt[]{2}\right)}\left(\sqrt[3]{17+12\sqrt[]{2}}+\sqrt[3]{17-12\sqrt[]{2}}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow y^3=34+3y\)

\(\Rightarrow y^3-3y=34\)

Do đó:

\(P=\left(x^3-3x\right)+\left(y^3-3y\right)+1979=6+34+1979=...\)

\(x=\sqrt[3]{3+2\sqrt{2}}+\sqrt[3]{3-2\sqrt{2}}\)

\(\Rightarrow x^3=3+2\sqrt{2}+3-2\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt[3]{\left(3+2\sqrt{2}\right)\left(3-2\sqrt{2}\right)}\left(\sqrt[3]{3+2\sqrt{2}}+\sqrt[3]{3-2\sqrt{2}}\right)\)

\(=6+3\sqrt[3]{9-8}.x=6+3x\)

\(\Rightarrow x^3-3x=6\)

\(y=\sqrt[3]{17+12\sqrt{2}}+\sqrt[3]{17-12\sqrt{2}}\)

\(\Rightarrow y^3=17+12\sqrt{2}+17-12\sqrt{2}+3\sqrt[3]{\left(17+12\sqrt{2}\right)\left(17-12\sqrt{2}\right)}\left(\sqrt[3]{17+12\sqrt{2}}+\sqrt[3]{17-12\sqrt{2}}\right)\)

\(=34+3\sqrt[3]{289-288}.y=34+3y\)

\(\Rightarrow y^3-3y=34\)

\(P=x^3+y^3-3\left(x+y\right)+2009=\left(x^3-3x\right)+\left(y^3-3y\right)+2009\)

\(=6+34+2009=2049\)

Có \(x^3=3+2\sqrt{2}-3\sqrt[3]{\left(3+2\sqrt{2}\right)\left(3-2\sqrt{2}\right)}\left(\sqrt[3]{3+2\sqrt{2}}-\sqrt[3]{3-2\sqrt{2}}\right)-\left(3-2\sqrt{2}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3=4\sqrt{2}-3x\) \(\Leftrightarrow x^3+3x=4\sqrt{2}\) (1)

Có \(y^3=17+12\sqrt{2}-3\sqrt[3]{\left(17+12\sqrt{2}\right)\left(17-12\sqrt{2}\right)}\left(\sqrt[3]{17+12\sqrt{2}}-\sqrt[3]{17-12\sqrt{2}}\right)-\left(17-12\sqrt{2}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y^3=24\sqrt{2}-3y\) \(\Leftrightarrow y^3+3y=24\sqrt{2}\) (2)

Từ (1) (2)\(\Rightarrow x^3+3x-y^3-3y=-20\sqrt{2}\)

Có \(M=\left(x-y\right)^3+3\left(x-y\right)\left(xy+1\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+3\left(xy+1\right)\right]\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2+3\right)=x^3-y^3+3\left(x-y\right)=-20\sqrt{2}\)

Vậy \(M=-20\sqrt{2}\)

theo bài ra

\(x=\sqrt[3]{3+2\sqrt{2}}-\sqrt[3]{3-2\sqrt{2}}\)

\(=>x^3=\left(\sqrt[3]{3+2\sqrt{2}}-\sqrt[3]{3-2\sqrt{2}}\right)^3\)

\(x^3=4\sqrt{2}-3\left[\left(\sqrt[3]{3+2\sqrt{2}}\right)\left(\sqrt[3]{3-2\sqrt{2}}\right)\right]\left[\sqrt[3]{3+2\sqrt{2}}-\sqrt[3]{3-2\sqrt{2}}\right]\)

\(x^3=4\sqrt{2}-3\left[\sqrt[3]{\left(3+2\sqrt{2}\right)\left(3-2\sqrt{2}\right)}\right].x\)

\(x^3=4\sqrt{2}-3.\left[\sqrt[3]{9-\left(2\sqrt{2}\right)^2}\right]x\)

\(x^3=4\sqrt{2}-3.1x\)

\(x^3=4\sqrt{2}-3x\)

\(< =>x^3+3x-4\sqrt{2}=0\)

rồi làm y tương tự rồi thế vào M là ra

A/

\(A=\frac{(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y})^2-(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y})^2}{(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y})(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y})}.\frac{x-y}{\sqrt{xy}}\\ =\frac{x+y+2\sqrt{xy}-(x+y-2\sqrt{xy})}{x-y}.\frac{x-y}{\sqrt{xy}}\\ =\frac{4\sqrt{xy}}{x-y}.\frac{x-y}{\sqrt{xy}}=4\)

Vậy biểu thức A không phụ thuộc giá trị vào biến.

B/
\(B=\frac{(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y})(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y})}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}-\frac{(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y})(x+\sqrt{xy}+y)}{x+\sqrt{xy}+y}-2\sqrt{y}\\ =\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}-(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y})-2\sqrt{y}\\ =2\sqrt{y}-2\sqrt{y}=0\)

Vậy giá trị của biểu thức B không phụ thuộc vào giá trị của biến.

\(A=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\right):\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{x-y}\left(dkxd:x,y\ge0,x\ne y\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)^2}{\sqrt{x^2}-\sqrt{y^2}}.\dfrac{x-y}{\sqrt{xy}}\)

\(=\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{xy}+y-x+2\sqrt{xy}-y}{x-y}.\dfrac{x-y}{\sqrt{xy}}\)

\(=\dfrac{4\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{xy}}=4\)

\(B=\dfrac{x-y}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x^3}-\sqrt{y^3}}{x+\sqrt{xy}+y}-2\sqrt{y}\left(dkxd:x,y\ge0,x\ne y\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}-\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(x+\sqrt{xy}+y\right)}{x+\sqrt{xy}+y}-2\sqrt{y}\)

\(=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}-2\sqrt{y}\\ =0\)

Vậy biểu thức A và B không phụ thuộc vào biến.

a) Ta có: \(P=\left[\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\right)\cdot\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right]:\dfrac{\sqrt{x^3}+y\sqrt{x}+x\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{y^3}}{\sqrt{x^3y}+\sqrt{xy^3}}\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{xy}}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right):\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}+y\sqrt{x}+x\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{y}}{x\sqrt{xy}+y\sqrt{xy}}\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{xy}+y}{xy}\right):\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{\sqrt{xy}\left(x+y\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)^2}{xy}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{xy}}\)

a) Đk:\(x>0;y>0\)

\(P=\left[\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}.\sqrt{y}}.\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right]:\dfrac{x\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)+y\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{x\sqrt{xy}+y\sqrt{xy}}\)

\(=\left[\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{xy}}+\dfrac{x+y}{xy}\right]:\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{\sqrt{xy}\left(x+y\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{xy}+x+y}{xy}:\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{\sqrt{xy}}\)\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)^2}{xy}.\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{xy}}\)

b) \(xy=16\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{16}{y}\)

\(P=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{xy}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\dfrac{16}{y}}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{y}}{4}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\)

Áp dụng AM-GM có:

\(\dfrac{\sqrt{y}}{4}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\sqrt{y}}{4}.\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}}=1\)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(y=4\Rightarrow x=4\)

Vậy x=y=4 thì P đạt GTNN là 1