a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

Mol:      x                                   1,5x

PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl₂ + H₂

Mol:     y                                   y

b, Ta có hpt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=11\\1,5x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27.100\%}{11}=49,09\%\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=100\%-49,09\%=50,91\%\)

c, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{1}\) ⇒ CuO hết, H₂ dư

PTHH: CuO + H₂ → Cu + H₂O

Mol:      0,2                0,2

\(m_{Cu}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)

Gọi \(m_{Al}=a\left(g\right)\left(0< a< 11\right)\)

\(\rightarrow m_{Fe}=11-a\left(g\right)\)

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=\dfrac{a}{27}\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11-a}{56}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

PTHH:

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(\dfrac{a}{27}\)                                       \(\dfrac{a}{18}\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(\dfrac{11-a}{56}\)                             \(\dfrac{11-a}{56}\)

\(\rightarrow pt:\dfrac{a}{18}+\dfrac{11-a}{56}=0,4\\ \Leftrightarrow m_{Al}=a=5,4\left(g\right)\left(TM\right)\)

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{11}=49,1\%\\\%m_{Fe}=100\%-49,1\%=50,9\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)

LTL: \(0,2< 0,4\rightarrow\) H₂ dư

\(n_{Cu}=n_{CuO}=0,2\left(mol\right)\rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)

a. \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8.96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH : 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

              \(\dfrac{0.8}{3}\)                             0,4

             Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl₂ + H₂

\(m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,8.27}{3}=7,2\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Fe}=11-7,2=3,8\left(g\right)\)

b. \(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{7.2}{11}.100=65,5\%\)

\(\%m_{Fe}=100\%-65,5\%=34,5\%\)

c. \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH : H₂ + CuO ----t^o----> Cu + H₂O

                      0,2                  0,2

\(m_{Cu}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Cu} = a ; n_{Al} = b ; n_{Fe} = c(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 64a + 27b + 56c = 28,6(1)\\ 2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = 1,5b + c = \dfrac{13,44}{22,4} = 0,6(2)\\ \text{Mặt khác} : n_{O_2} = \dfrac{8,96}{22,4} = 0,4(mol)\\ 2Cu + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2CuO\\ 4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3\\ 4Fe + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Fe_2O_3\\ \)

Ta có :

\(\dfrac{n_X}{n_{O_2}}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{0,5a +0,75b + 0,75c} = \dfrac{0,6}{0,4}(3)\\ (1)(2)(3)\Rightarrow a = \dfrac{317}{1460} ; b = \dfrac{121}{365}; c = \dfrac{15}{146}\\ \%m_{Cu} = \dfrac{\dfrac{317}{1460}.64}{28,6}.100\% = 48,59\%\\ \%m_{Al} = \dfrac{\dfrac{121}{365}.27}{28,6}.100\% = 31,3\%\\ \%m_{Fe} = 100\% - 41,59\% - 31,3\% = 27,11\%\)

a) PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

                    a_____________________\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)a      (mol)

                \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

                   b____________________b             (mol)

Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+56b=11\\\dfrac{3}{2}a+b=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot27}{11}\cdot100\%\approx49,09\%\\\%m_{Fe}=50,91\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) PTHH: \(CuO+H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}a+b=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) H₂ còn dư, tính theo CuO

\(\Rightarrow n_{Cu}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=0,2\cdot64=12,8\left(g\right)\) 

Gọi n Al = a ( mol ) , n Fe = b ( mol )

Có: n H2 = 0,4 ( mol )

   PTHH

 2AL + 6HCL ===> 2ALCL3 + 3H2

   a--------------------------------------a

 Fe + 2HCl ====> FeCL2 + H2

  b------------------------------------b

Ta có hpt:

  \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+56b=11\\1,5a+b=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> m AL = 5,4 ( g ) ; m Fe = 5,6 ( g )

  b) Có : n CuO = 0,2 ( mol )

PTHH: 

   CuO + H2 ====> Cu +H2O

     0,2----0,2-----------0,2

theo pthh: n Cu = 0,2 ( mol ) => m Cu = 12,8 ( g )

\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2|\)     

        2           6             2             3

        a                                        1,5a

       \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2|\)

        1          2             1          1

        b                                     1b 

a) Gọi a là số mol của Al

           b là số mol của Fe

\(m_{Al}+m_{Fe}=11\left(g\right)\)

⇒ \(n_{Al}.M_{Al}+n_{Fe}.M_{Fe}=11g\)

    ⇒ 27a + 56b = 11g (1)

Theo phương trình : 1,5a +1b = 0,4(2)

Từ (1),(2), ta có hệ phương trình : 

                   27a + 56b = 11

                  1,5a + 1b = 0,4 

                  ⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

             \(m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)

             \(m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\)

           ⁰/₀Al = \(\dfrac{5,4.100}{11}=49,09\)⁰/₀

           ⁰/₀Fe = \(\dfrac{5,6.100}{11}=50,91\)⁰/₀

b) Pt : \(H_2+CuO\rightarrow\left(t_o\right)Cu+H_2O|\)

           1          1                 1         1

          0,4                          0,4

\(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,4.1}{1}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{Cu}=0,4.64=25,6\left(g\right)\)

 Chúc bạn học tốt

a.\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{V_{H_2}}{22,4}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4mol\)

Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=x\\n_{Zn}=y\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

 x                                      x ( mol )

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

 y                                        y   ( mol )

Ta có:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+65y=25,55\\x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\\y=0,35\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,05.56=2,8g\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,35.65=22,75g\)

\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,8}{25,55}.100=10,95\%\)

\(\%m_{Zn}=100\%-10,95\%=89,05\%\)

b.\(n_{HCl}=2.0,05+2.0,35=0,8mol\)

\(C_M=\dfrac{n}{V}\Rightarrow V=\dfrac{n}{C_M}=\dfrac{0,8}{2}=0,4l\)

\(n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\)

\(m=27a+56b=19.3\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)

\(n_{H^+}=0.2\cdot2+0.2\cdot2.25\cdot2=1.3\left(mol\right)\)

\(2Al+6H^+\rightarrow2Al^{3+}+3H_2\)

\(Fe+2H^+\rightarrow Fe^{2+}+H_2\)

\(n_{H^+}=3a+2b=1.3\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.3,b=0.2\)

\(\%Al=\dfrac{0.3\cdot27}{19.3}\cdot100\%=41.96\%\)

\(\%Fe=58.04\%\)

\(b.\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H^+}=0.65\left(mol\right)\)

Bảo toàn khối lượng : 

\(m_{Muối}=19.3+0.4\cdot36.5+0.45\cdot98-0.65\cdot2=76.7\left(g\right)\)

em cảm ơn ạ!

Đặt nAl=a(mol); nFe=b(mol) (a,b>0)

Ta có: nH2=8,96/22,4=0,4(mol)

PTHH: 2 Al + 6 HCl -> 2 AlCl3 + 3 H2

a_________3a____a____1,5a(mol)

Fe +2 HCl -> FeCl2 + H2

b__2b____b____b(mol)

Ta có hpt:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+56b=16,7\\1,5a+b=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> mAl= 0,1.27=2,7(g) =>%mAl= (2,7/16,7).100=16,17%

=> CHỌN B

a/ Fe + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) FeCl₂ + H₂

n_H2 = \(\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PTHH: n_H2 = n_Fe = 0,15 (mol) \(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=11-8,4=2,6\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{8,4}{11}.100\%\approx76,4\%\)

\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}=100-76,4\approx23,6\%\)

b/ Theo PTHH ta có: n_HCl = 2n_Fe = 2.0,15 = 0,3 (mol)

\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,3}{2}=0,15\left(M\right)\)

c/ m_HCl = 36,5 . 0,3 = 10,95(g)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{m_{HCl}}{m_{ddHCl}}.100\%=\dfrac{10,95}{200}.100\%=5,475\%\)

a, PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,15.56}{11}.100\%\approx76,36\%\\\%m_{Cu}\approx23,64\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,3}{2}=0,15\left(l\right)\)

c, \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,3.36,5}{200}.100\%=5,475\%\)