Rút gọn phân thức M=x^2/x^2-3x N=x/x+1 +3x+1/x^2-1
BÀI 6 :rút gọn phân thức
\(\dfrac{x^3+3x^3+3x+1}{x^2+x}\)
b)\(\dfrac{x^3-3x^2+3x-1}{2x-2}\)
c)\(\dfrac{x^2+4x+4}{2x+4}\)
d)\(\dfrac{(x-1)(-x-2)}{x+2}\)
e)\(\dfrac{x^2-y^2}{x+y}\)
f)\(\dfrac{3x^2+4xy^2}{6x+8y}\)
g)\(\dfrac{-3x^2-6x}{4-x^2}\)
BÀI 7 :quy đồng mẫu thức các phân thức
\(\dfrac{2}{5x^3y^2}và \dfrac{3}{4xy}\)
b)\(\dfrac{x}{x^2-2xy+y^2} và \dfrac{x}{x^2-xy}\)
c)\(\dfrac{1}{x+2};\dfrac{2}{2x+4}và \dfrac{3}{3x+6}\)
d)\(\dfrac{1}{x+3};\dfrac{2}{2x-6}và \dfrac{3}{3x-9}\)
6:
a: ĐKXĐ: x<>0
\(\dfrac{x^3+3x^2+3x+1}{x^2+x}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)^3}{x\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)^2}{x}\)
b: ĐKXĐ: x<>1
\(\dfrac{x^3-3x^2+3x-1}{2x-2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)^3}{2\left(x-1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)^2}{2}\)
c: ĐKXĐ: x<>-2
\(\dfrac{x^2+4x+4}{2x+4}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)^2}{2\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+2}{2}\)
d: ĐKXĐ: x<>-2
\(\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(-x-2\right)}{x+2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(-x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}{x+2}=-x+1\)
e: ĐKXĐ: x<>-y
\(\dfrac{x^2-y^2}{x+y}=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}{x+y}=x-y\)
g: ĐKXĐ: \(x\notin\left\{2;-2\right\}\)
\(\dfrac{-3x^2-6x}{4-x^2}=\dfrac{3x^2+6x}{x^2-4}\)
\(=\dfrac{3x\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\cdot\left(x-2\right)}=\dfrac{3x}{x-2}\)
7:
a: \(\dfrac{2}{5x^3y^2}=\dfrac{2\cdot4}{20x^3y^2}=\dfrac{8}{20x^3y^2}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{4xy}=\dfrac{3\cdot5\cdot x^2y}{20x^3y^2}=\dfrac{15x^2y}{20x^3y^2}\)
b: \(\dfrac{x}{x^2-2xy+y^2}=\dfrac{x}{\left(x-y\right)^2}\)
\(\dfrac{x}{x^2-xy}=\dfrac{x}{x\left(x-y\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x-y}=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)}{\left(x-y\right)^2}\)
c: \(\dfrac{1}{x+2}=\dfrac{6}{6\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{2}{2x+4}=\dfrac{2}{2\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x+2}=\dfrac{6}{6\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{3x+6}=\dfrac{3}{3\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{6}{6\left(x+2\right)}\)
d:
\(\dfrac{2}{2x-6}=\dfrac{2}{2\left(x-3\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x-3};\dfrac{3}{3x-9}=\dfrac{3}{3\left(x-3\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x-3}\)
\(\dfrac{2}{2x-6}=\dfrac{1}{x-3}=\dfrac{x+3}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{3x-9}=\dfrac{1}{x-3}=\dfrac{x+3}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x+3}=\dfrac{x-3}{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)}\)
Rút gọn biểu thức:
a) (x 2 – 2x + 2)(x 2 – 2)(x 2 + 2x + 2)(x 2 + 2)
b) (x + 1)2 – (x – 1)2 + 3x 2 – 3x(x + 1)(x – 1)
c) (2x + 1)2 + 2(4x 2 – 1) + (2x – 1)2
d) (m + n)2 – (m – n)2 + (m – n)(m + n)
e) (3x + 1)2 – 2(3x + 1)(3x + 5) + (3x + 5)2
a: Ta có: \(\left(x^2-2x+2\right)\left(x^2-2\right)\left(x^2+2x+2\right)\left(x^2+2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^4-4\right)\left[\left(x^2+2\right)^2-4x^2\right]\)
\(=\left(x^4-4\right)\left(x^4+4x^2+4-4x^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^4-4\right)\cdot\left(x^4+4\right)\)
\(=x^8-16\)
b: Ta có: \(\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(x-1\right)^2+3x^2-3x\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
\(=x^2+2x+1-x^2+2x-1+3x^2-3x\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=3x^2+4x-3x^3+3x\)
\(=-3x^3+3x^2+7x\)
1a. rút gọn biểu thức sau A = \(\dfrac{1}{3x-2}-\dfrac{1}{3x+2}-\dfrac{3x-6}{4-9x^2}\)
b. biến đổi biểu thức sau thành phân thức đại số B = \(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{x}{1-\dfrac{x}{x+2}}\)
\(a,A=\dfrac{3x+2-3x+2+3x-6}{\left(3x-2\right)\left(3x+2\right)}=\dfrac{3x-2}{\left(3x-2\right)\left(3x+2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3x+2}\\ b,B=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{x}{\dfrac{x+2-x}{x+2}}=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{x}{\dfrac{2}{x+2}}=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{x\left(x+2\right)}{2}\\ B=\dfrac{1+x^2+2x}{2}=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)^2}{2}\)
rút gọn biểu thức
N = (3x ^ 2 - x + 3)/(x ^ 3 - 1) - (x - 1)/(x ^ 2 + x + 1) + 2/(1 - x)\(=\dfrac{3x^2-x+3-x^2+2x-1-2x^2-2x-1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-x+1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}=\dfrac{-1}{x^2+x+1}\)
Cho biểu thức \(M=\left(\frac{x+2}{3x}+\frac{2}{x+1}-3\right):\frac{2-4x}{x+1}-\frac{3x-x^2+1}{3x}\)
A, Rút gọn bthuc M
B, tính gtri bthuc rút gọn của M tại x=6013
a) \(ĐKXĐ:\hept{\begin{cases}x\ne0\\x\ne-1\end{cases}}\)
\(M=\left(\frac{x+2}{3x}+\frac{2}{x+1}-3\right):\frac{2-4x}{x+1}-\frac{3x-x^2+1}{3x}\)
\(=\left[\frac{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+1\right)}{3x\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{6x}{3x\left(x+1\right)}-\frac{9x\left(x+1\right)}{3x\left(x+1\right)}\right].\frac{x+1}{2-4x}+\frac{x^2-3x-1}{3x}\)
\(=\left[\frac{x^2+3x+2}{3x\left(x+1\right)}+\frac{6x}{3x\left(x+1\right)}-\frac{9x^2+9x}{3x\left(x+1\right)}\right].\frac{x+1}{2-4x}+\frac{x^2-3x-1}{3x}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+3x+2+6x-9x^2-9x}{3x\left(x+1\right)}.\frac{x+1}{2-4x}+\frac{x^2-3x-1}{3x}\)
\(=\frac{2-8x^2}{3x}.\frac{1}{2\left(1-2x\right)}+\frac{x^2-3x-1}{3x}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(1-4x^2\right)}{3x}.\frac{1}{2\left(1-2x\right)}+\frac{x^2-3x-1}{3x}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(1-2x\right)\left(1+2x\right)}{3x}.\frac{1}{2\left(1-2x\right)}+\frac{x^2-3x-1}{3x}\)
\(=\frac{1+2x}{3x}+\frac{x^2-3x-1}{3x}\)
\(=\frac{1+2x+x^2-3x-1}{3x}=\frac{x^2-x}{3x}=\frac{x\left(x-1\right)}{3x}=\frac{x-1}{3}\)
b) Với \(x=6013\)( thỏa mãn ĐKXĐ )
Thay \(x=6013\)vào biểu thức ta được:
\(M=\frac{6013-1}{3}=\frac{6012}{3}=2004\)
Cho biểu thức A=\(\left(\dfrac{2-3x}{x^2+2x-3}-\dfrac{x+3}{1-x}-\dfrac{x+1}{x+3}\right):\dfrac{3x+12}{x^3-1}\)
và B=\(\dfrac{x^2+x-2}{x^3-1}\)
a Rút gọn biểu thức M=A.B
b Tìm x thuộc Z để M thuộc Z
c Tìm GTLN của biểu thức N=\(A^{-1}-B\)
a. \(A=\left(\dfrac{2-3x}{x^2+2x-3}-\dfrac{x+3}{1-x}-\dfrac{x+1}{x+3}\right):\dfrac{3x+12}{x^3-1}\left(ĐKXĐ:x\ne1;x\ne-3\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{2-3x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}+\dfrac{x+3}{x-1}-\dfrac{x+1}{x+3}\right):\dfrac{3x+12}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{2-3x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}+\dfrac{\left(x+3\right)^2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}-\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}\right):\dfrac{3x+12}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2-3x+x^2+6x+9-x^2+1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}:\dfrac{3x+12}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3x+12}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}:\dfrac{3x+12}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3x+12}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}.\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{3x+12}=\dfrac{x^2+x+1}{x+3}\)
\(M=A.B=\dfrac{x^2+x+1}{x+3}.\dfrac{x^2+x-2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}=\dfrac{x^2+x-2}{x+3}\)
b. -Để M thuộc Z thì:
\(\left(x^2+x-2\right)⋮\left(x+3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x^2+3x-2x-6+4\right)⋮\left(x+3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[x\left(x+3\right)-2\left(x+3\right)+4\right]⋮\left(x+3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow4⋮\left(x+3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x+3\in\left\{1;2;4;-1;-2;-4\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-2;-1;1;-4;-5;-7\right\}\)
c. \(A^{-1}-B=\dfrac{x+3}{x^2+x+1}-\dfrac{x^2+x-2}{x^3-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+3}{x^2+x+1}-\dfrac{x^2+x-2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}-\dfrac{x^2+x-2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2-x+3x-3-x^2-x+2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x^2+x+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{x^2+2.\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}}=\dfrac{1}{\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}}\le\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{3}{4}}=\dfrac{4}{3}\)
\(Max=\dfrac{4}{3}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-1}{2}\)
rút gọn phân thức sau:
A=3x(2x^2-x+1)-x^2(x+3)
B=(x-3)(3x^2-x-4)
C=(2x-5)(3x-1)+(2x-7)(1-6x)
D=(x-2)^2-(x-1)^2
Bài 1: Rút gọn biểu thức:
a) 2x(3x-5)-6x2 b) (x+3)(1-x)+(x-2)(x+2) c) (3x+1)2-(1+3x)(6x-2)+(3x-1)2
Bài 2: Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử:
a) 9x2-1 b) 2(x-1)+x2-x c) 3x2+14x-5
Bài 3: Tìm x biết:
a) 2x(x-1)-2x2=4 b) x(x-3)-(x+2)(x-1)=5 c) 4x2-25+(2x+5)2=0
Bài 4: Cho tam giác ABC , có D là trung điểm đoạn thẳng BC , E là trung điểm của AB lấy điểm F đối xứng với điểm D qua E .
a) Chứng minh tứ giác FADB là hình bình hành.
b) Kẻ FG vuông với AB ; DH vuông với AB ; (G;HϵAB). Chứng minh FD=AC;\(\widehat{BFH}\)=\(\widehat{ADG}\).
c) Vẽ điểm Q đối xứng với điểm C qua A , DQ cắt đoạn AB tại điểm I , M là trung điểm AD.
Chứng minh F , M , I thẳng hàng
2:
a: \(9x^2-1=\left(3x\right)^2-1=\left(3x-1\right)\left(3x+1\right)\)
b: \(2\left(x-1\right)+x^2-x\)
\(=2\left(x-1\right)+x\left(x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
c: \(3x^2+14x-5\)
\(=3x^2+15x-x-5\)
\(=3x\left(x+5\right)-\left(x+5\right)=\left(x+5\right)\left(3x-1\right)\)
3:
a: \(2x\left(x-1\right)-2x^2=4\)
=>\(2x^2-2x-2x^2=4\)
=>-2x=4
=>x=-2
b: \(x\left(x-3\right)-\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)=5\)
=>\(x^2-3x-\left(x^2+x-2\right)=5\)
=>\(x^2-3x-x^2-x+2=5\)
=>-4x=3
=>x=-3/4
c: \(4x^2-25+\left(2x+5\right)^2=0\)
=>\(\left(2x-5\right)\left(2x+5\right)+\left(2x+5\right)^2=0\)
=>\(\left(2x+5\right)\left(2x-5+2x+5\right)=0\)
=>4x(2x+5)=0
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Sử dụng phương pháp đặt nhân tử chung phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử.( nhớ rút gọn)
1) x (x . 1 )+( 1 - x )^2
2) 2x ( x - 2 )-(x - 2 )^2
3) 3x ( x - 1)^2 - ( 1 - x )^3
4) 3x ( x + 2 ) - 5 (x + 2)^2
1) \(x\left(x-1\right)+\left(1-x\right)^2\)
\(=x\left(x-1\right)+\left(x-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(2x-1\right)\)
2) \(2x\left(x-2\right)-\left(x-2\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left[2x-\left(x-2\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(2x-x+2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
3) \(3x\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(1-x\right)^3\)
\(=3x\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2\left(3x+x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2\left(4x-1\right)\)
4) \(3x\left(x+2\right)-5\left(x+2\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)\left[3x-5\left(x+2\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(3x-5x-10\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(-2x-10\right)\)
\(=-2\left(x+2\right)\left(x+5\right)\)