Cho biết x, y, z khác 0 và \(\dfrac{\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2}=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
Chứng minh rằng \(\dfrac{a}{x}=\dfrac{b}{y}=\dfrac{c}{z}\)
Cho x,y,z,a,b,c khác 0 và \(\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{y}{b}=\dfrac{z}{c}\).Chứng minh rằng
a) \(\dfrac{a^2}{x}=\dfrac{b^2}{y}=\dfrac{c^2}{z}=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{x+y+z}\)
b) \(\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{\left(ax+by+cz\right)}=\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
cho x,y,z≠0 và \(\dfrac{\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2}\)=a2+b2+c2
chứng minh rằng \(\dfrac{a}{x}=\dfrac{b}{y}=\dfrac{c}{z}\)
Ta có : \(\dfrac{\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2}=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2x^2+b^2y^2+c^2z^2+2axby+2axcz+2bycz=a^2x^2+b^2x^2+c^2x^2+a^2y^2+b^2y^2+c^2y^2+a^2z^2+b^2z^2+c^2z^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2axby+2axvz+2bycz=a^2y^2+b^2x^2+a^2z^2+c^2x^2+b^2z^2+c^2y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2y^2+b^2x^2+a^2z^2+c^2x^2+b^2z^2+c^2y^2-2axby-2azcx-2bycz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2y^2-2axby+b^2x^2\right)+\left(a^2z^2-2azcx+c^2x^2\right)+\left(b^2z^2-2bycz+c^2y^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ay-bx\right)^2+\left(az-cx\right)^2+\left(bz-cy\right)^2=0\)
Do \(\left(ay-bx\right)^2\ge0;\left(az-cx\right)^2\ge0;\left(bz-cy\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ay-bx=0\\az-cx=0\\bz-cy=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ay=bx\\az=cx\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{x}=\dfrac{b}{y}\\\dfrac{c}{z}=\dfrac{a}{x}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{x}=\dfrac{b}{y}=\dfrac{c}{z}\left(đpcm\right)\)
:D
1. Cho biết x , y , z # 0 và \(\dfrac{\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2}=a^2+b^2+c^2\) .
Chứng minh rằng : \(\dfrac{a}{x}=\dfrac{b}{y}=\dfrac{c}{z}\)
2. Rút gọn : \(\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2}\) , biết rằng : x + y + z = 0
3. Cho 3x - y = 3z và 2x + y = 7z . Tính giá trị cua biểu thức :
M = \(\dfrac{x^2-2xy}{x^2+y^2}\) ( x # 0 ; y # 0 )
Cho: \(\dfrac{a}{x}=\dfrac{b}{y}=\dfrac{c}{z}\)và x, y, z khác 0
CMR: \(\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
Đặt \(\frac{a}{x}=\frac{b}{y}=\frac{c}{z}=\frac{1}{k}\Rightarrow x=ak;y=bk;y=ck\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2}=\frac{a^2k^2+b^2k^2+c^2k^2}{\left(a^2k+b^2k+c^2k\right)^2}=\frac{k^2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{k^2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}=\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
Mạo phép sửa đề!CMR: \(\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2}=\frac{3}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{a}{x}=\frac{b}{y}=\frac{c}{z}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{ax}=\frac{y^2}{by}=\frac{z^2}{cz}=\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{ax+by+cz}\) (t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{\left(ax\right)^2}=\frac{y^2}{\left(by\right)^2}=\frac{z^2}{\left(cz\right)^2}=\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2}\) (1)
Lại có: \(\frac{x^2}{\left(ax\right)^2}=\frac{y^2}{\left(by\right)^2}=\frac{z^2}{\left(cz\right)^2}=\) \(\frac{x^2}{a^2x^2}=\frac{y^2}{b^2y^2}=\frac{z^2}{c^2z^2}=\frac{1}{a^2}=\frac{1}{b^2}=\frac{1}{c^2}=\frac{3}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
Chứng minh rằng nếu \(\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{y}{b}=\dfrac{z}{c}\) thì:
\(\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2\)
\(\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{y}{b}=\dfrac{z}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{y}{b}\\\dfrac{y}{b}=\dfrac{z}{c}\\\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{z}{c}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ay=bx\\bz=cy\\az=cx\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ay-bx=0\\bz-cy=0\\az-cx=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ax-by\right)^2+\left(bz-cy\right)^2+\left(az-cx\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2x^2-2axby+b^2y^2\right)+\left(b^2z^2-2bzcy+c^2y^2\right)+\left(a^2z^2-2azcx+c^2x^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2x^2+b^2x^2+c^2x^2+a^2y^2+b^2y^2+c^2y^2+a^2z^2+b^2z^2+c^2z^2-\left(a^2x^2+b^2b^2+c^2y^2+2axby+2azcx+2bzcy\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+y^2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+z^2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-\left(ax+ab+cz\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2\)
Ta có : \(\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2\) ( theo bđt Bu-nhi-a Cop-xki )
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{y}{b}=\dfrac{z}{c}\)
Vậy nếu \(\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{y}{b}=\dfrac{z}{c}\) thì \(\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2\)
Áp dụng Bunyakovsky:
\(\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2\le\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
Dấu "=" khi: \(\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{y}{b}=\dfrac{z}{c}\) hay \(\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{y}{b}=\dfrac{z}{c}\) thì thỏa mãn đẳng thức
p/s: Tham khảo,vì t biết lớp 8 chưa học Bunyakovsky,đúng ko Phùng Khánh Linh
Cho biết x,y,z khác 0 và \(\dfrac{\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2}\)= a2 +b2+c2
CHứng minh rằng \(\dfrac{a}{x}\)=\(\dfrac{b}{y}\)=\(\dfrac{c}{z}\)
Giả sử : \(ax+by+cz=0.\)
Chứng minh : \(\dfrac{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}{bc\left(y-z\right)^2+ca\left(z-x\right)^2+ab\left(x-y\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(ax+by+cz=0\Rightarrow\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2x^2+b^2y^2+c^2z^2=-2\left(axby+bycz+axcz\right)\)
Ta co
\(\dfrac{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}{bc\left(y-z\right)^2+ac\left(z-x\right)^2+ab\left(x-y\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}{bcy^2-2bcyz+bcz^2+acz^2-2aczx+acx^2+abx^2-2abxy+aby^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}{bcy^2+bcz^2+acz^2+acx^2+abx^2+aby^2-2\left(axby+bcyz+axcz\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}{bcy^2+bcz^2+acz^2+acx^2+abx^2+aby^2+a^2x^2+b^2y^2+c^2z^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}{\left(acx^2+abx^2+a^2x^2\right)+\left(bcy^2+aby^2+b^2y^2\right)+\left(c^2z^2+acz^2+bcz^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}{ax^2\left(a+b+c\right)+by^2\left(a+b+c\right)+cz^2\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ax^2+by^2+cz^2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}\) ( dpcm)
C/m rằng nếu \(\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)=\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2\) với x,y,z khác 0 thì \(\dfrac{a}{x}=\dfrac{b}{y}=\dfrac{c}{z}\)
\(\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)=\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2x^2+a^2y^2+a^2z^2+b^2x^2+b^2y^2+b^2z^2+c^2x^2+c^2y^2+c^2z^2\)
\(=a^2x^2+b^2y^2+c^2z^2+2axby+2bycz+2axcz\)
Trừ cả 2 vế cho \(a^2x^2+b^2y^2+c^2z^2\), ta có:
\(a^2y^2+a^2z^2+b^2x^2+b^2z^2+c^2x^2+c^2y^2=2axby+2bycz+2axcz\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2y^2+a^2z^2+b^2x^2+b^2z^2+c^2x^2+c^2y^2-2axby-2bycz-2axcz=0\)
\(\left(a^2y^2+b^2x^2-2axby\right)+\left(a^2z^2+c^2z^2-2axcz\right)+\left(b^2z^2+c^2y^2-2bycz\right)=0\)
\(\left(ay-bx\right)^2+\left(az-cx\right)^2+\left(bz-cy\right)^2=0\)
Mà \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(ay-bx\right)^2\ge0\\\left(az-cx\right)^2\ge0\\\left(bz-cy\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ay-bx=0\\az-cx=0\\bz-cy=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ay=bx\\az=cx\\bz=cy\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{x}=\dfrac{b}{y}=\dfrac{c}{z}\)
=> đpcm
Cho \(\dfrac{x}{a}=\dfrac{y}{b}=\dfrac{z}{c}\ne0\). Chứng minh:
\(\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
Đặt x/a=y/b=z/c=k
=>x=ak; y=bk; z=ck
\(\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{\left(ax+by+cz\right)^2}=\dfrac{a^2k^2+b^2k^2+c^2k^2}{\left(a\cdot ak+b\cdot bk+c\cdot ck\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{k^2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{k^2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)