\(a.\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3.36}{22.4}=0.15\left(mol\right)\)

\(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^0}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)

\(0.3...................................................0.15\)

\(m_{KMnO_4}=0.3\cdot158=47.4\left(g\right)\)

\(4R+nO_2\underrightarrow{t^0}2R_2O_n\)

\(\dfrac{0.6}{n}....0.15\)

\(M_R=\dfrac{19.5}{\dfrac{0.6}{n}}=32.5n\)

\(n=2\Rightarrow R=65\)

\(Rlà:Zn\)

\(a) 2KMnO_4 \xrightarrow{t^o} K_2MnO_4 + MnO_2 + O_2\\ n_{KMnO_4} = 2n_{O_2} = 2.\dfrac{3,36}{22,4} = 0,3(mol)\\ m_{KMnO_4} = 0,3.158 = 47,4(gam)\\ b) 4R + nO_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2R_2O_n\\ n_R = \dfrac{4}{n}n_{O_2} = \dfrac{0,6}{n}(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \dfrac{0,6}{n}R = 19,5\Rightarrow R = \dfrac{65}{2}n\)

Với n = 2 thì R = 65(Zn)

a) nO2=0,15(mol)

PTHH: 2 KMnO4 -to-> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2

0,3<---------------------------------------------------0,15(mol)

-> mKMnO4=0,3.158= 47,4(g)

2 mol KMnO4 --> 1 Mol Oxi 
0,6 --> 0,3 
2xR + yO2 --> 2RxOy 
Rx(g) 32y (g) 
10,8 g 0,3. 32(g) 
R = 9 . 2y/x 
2y/x = 3 => R = 27 (Al)

4Al+3O₂-to>2Al₂O₃

0,04---0,03------0,02 mol

n _Al=\(\dfrac{1,08}{27}\)=0,04 mol

=>V_O2=0,03.22,4=0,672l

b)

2A+O₂-to>2AO

0,06--0,03 mol

=>\(\dfrac{3,84}{A}=0,06\)

=>A=64 :=>Al là Đồng

Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_X=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 56a + M_X.b = 21,4 (1)

- Đốt A trong oxi.

PT: \(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)

\(2X+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2XO\)

Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{Fe}+\dfrac{1}{2}n_X=\dfrac{2}{3}a+\dfrac{1}{2}b=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

- Cho pư với HCl

+ TH1: X không pư với HCl.

PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)=a\)

Thay vào (2) được b = -1/15 → vô lý.

+ TH2: X có pư với HCl.

PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(X+2HCl\rightarrow XCl_2+H_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}+n_X=a+b=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\left(3\right)\)

Từ (2) và (3) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,15\left(mol\right)\\b=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\). Thay vào (1) được M_X = 65 (g/mol)

Vậy: X là kẽm. (Zn)

\(2KMnO_4-^{t^0}->K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\\2 R+\dfrac{n}{2}O_2-^{t^0}->R_2O_n\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{94,8}{158.2}0,3mol\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{10,8}{R}\cdot\dfrac{n}{4}=0,3\\ n:R=\dfrac{1}{9}\\ n=3;R=27\\ R:Al\left(aluminium:nhôm\right)\)

\(a/n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,52}{56}=0,045mol\\ 3Fe+2O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^0}Fe_3O_4\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,045.2}{3}=0,03mol\\ V_{O_2}=0,03.22,4=0,672l\\ b/2KClO_3\xrightarrow[]{t^0}2KCl+3O_2\\ n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{0,03.2}{3}=0,02mol\\ m_{KClO_3}=0,02.122,5=2,45g\)

a, \(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)

b, \(n_P=\dfrac{6,2}{31}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{5}{4}n_P=0,25\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)

c, \(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{KMnO_4}=2n_{O_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4}=0,5.158=79\left(g\right)\)

$2KMnO_4 \xrightarrow{t^o} K_2MnO_4 + MnO_2 + O_2$

n KMnO4 = 94,8/158 = 0,6(mol)

n O2 = 1/2 n KMnO4 = 0,3(mol)

Gọi n là hóa trị kim loại R

$4R + nO_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2R_2O_n$

Theo PTHH :

n R = 4/n  .n O2 = 1,2/n (mol)

=> M R = 10,8 : 1,2/n = 9n

Với n = 3 thì R = 27(Al)

Vậy R là kim loại Al