Cho a,b,c thỏa mãn \(a\left(b+c\right)^2+b\left(c+a\right)^2+c\left(a+b\right)^2=4abc\) và \(a^{2013}+b^{2013}+c^{2013}=1\)
Tính giả trị biểu thức \(M=\dfrac{1}{a^{2015}}+\dfrac{1}{b^{2015}}+\dfrac{1}{c^{2015}}\)
Cho 3 số a, b, c thỏa mãn : \(\dfrac{a}{2013}=\dfrac{b}{2014}=\dfrac{c}{2015}\)
Chứng minh \(4\left(a-b\right).\left(b-c\right)=\left(c-a\right)^2\)
Đặt \(\frac{a}{2013}=\frac{b}{2014}=\frac{c}{2015}=k\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=2013k\\b=2014k\\c=2015k\end{cases}}\)
Ta có: 4(a - b)(b - c) = 4(2013k - 2014k)(2014k - 2015k) = 4(-k)(-k) = 4k2 (1)
(c - a)2 = (2015k - 2013k)2 = (2k)2 = 4k2 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) ta có đpcm
Đặt a2013 =b2014 =c2015 =k⇒{
a=2013k |
b=2014k |
c=2015k |
Ta có: 4(a - b)(b - c) = 4(2013k - 2014k)(2014k - 2015k) = 4(-k)(-k) = 4k2 (1)
(c - a)2 = (2015k - 2013k)2 = (2k)2 = 4k2 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) ta có đpcm
Cho a, b, c thỏa mãn:
\(\dfrac{b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{c-a}{\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{a-b}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}=2013\)
Tính giá trị của biểu thức:
\(\dfrac{1}{a-b}+\dfrac{1}{b-c}+\dfrac{1}{c-a}\)
Lời giải:
Ta có:
\(\frac{b-c}{(a-b)(a-c)}+\frac{c-a}{(b-a)(b-c)}+\frac{a-b}{(c-a)(c-b)}=2013\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{-(b-c)^2}{(a-b)(b-c)(c-a)}+\frac{-(c-a)^2}{(a-b)(b-c)(c-a)}+\frac{-(a-b)^2}{(a-b)(b-c)(c-a)}=2013\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{-[(a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(c-a)^2]}{(a-b)(b-c)(c-a)}=2013\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{2(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac)}{(a-b)(b-c)(c-a)}=-2013(*)\)
Lại có:
\(P=\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}\)
\(=\frac{(b-c)(c-a)+(c-a)(a-b)+(a-b)(b-c)}{(a-b)(b-c)(c-a)}\)
\(=\frac{bc-ba-c^2+ca+ca-bc-a^2+ab+ab-ac-b^2+bc}{(a-b)(b-c)(c-a)}\)
\(=\frac{ab+bc+ac-(a^2+b^2+c^2)}{(a-b)(b-c)(c-a)}=-\frac{1}{2}.\frac{2(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac)}{(a-b)(b-c)(c-a)}\)
\(=\frac{-1}{2}.-2013=\frac{2013}{2}\) (theo $(*)$)
Cho 3 số a, b, c thỏa mãn : \(\dfrac{a}{2013}=\dfrac{b}{2014}=\dfrac{c}{2015}\)
Chứng minh \(4\left(a-b\right).\left(b-c\right)=\left(c-a\right)^2\)
Chứng minh:
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{2013}=\dfrac{a}{2014}=\dfrac{a}{2015}=k\)
\(\Rightarrow a=2013k,b=2014k,c=2015k\)
Vế trái
\(4\left(2013k-2014k\right).\left(2015k-2016k\right)\)\(=4.-k.-k=4k^2\)
Vế phải
\(\left(2015k-2013k\right)^2\)\(=\left(2k\right)^2=4k^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\)4(a−b).(b−c)=(c−a)\(\Rightarrow\)đpcm
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{2013}=\dfrac{b}{2014}=\dfrac{c}{2015}=\dfrac{a-b}{2013-2014}=\dfrac{b-c}{2014-2015}=\dfrac{c-a}{2015-2013}\)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a-b}{-1}=\dfrac{b-c}{-1}=\dfrac{c-a}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a-b}{-1}.\dfrac{b-c}{-1}=\left(\dfrac{c-a}{2}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}{1}=\dfrac{\left(c-a\right)^2}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow4\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)=\left(c-a\right)^2\) (đpcm)
Chứng minh:
Đặt a2013=a2014=a2015=ka2013=a2014=a2015=k
⇒a=2013k,b=2014k,c=2015k⇒a=2013k,b=2014k,c=2015k
Vế trái
4(2013k−2014k).(2015k−2016k)4(2013k−2014k).(2015k−2016k)=4.−k.−k=4k2=4.−k.−k=4k2
Vế phải
(2015k−2013k)2(2015k−2013k)2=(2k)2=4k2=(2k)2=4k2
⇒⇒4(a−b).(b−c)=(c−a).(c-a) đpcm
Cho a,b,c là 3 số thực khác không thỏa mãn:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}a^2\left(b+c\right)+b^2\left(c+a\right)+c^2\left(a+b\right)+2abc=0\\a^{2013}+b^{2013}+c^{2013}=1\end{cases}}\)
Hãy tính giá trị của biểu thức: \(Q=\frac{1}{a^{2013}}+\frac{1}{b^{2013}}+\frac{1}{c^{2013}}\)
\(a^2\left(b+c\right)+b^2\left(c+a\right)+c^2\left(a+b\right)+2abc=0\)
=>\(\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)=0\)
=>a=-b hoặc a=-c hoặc b=-c (1)
=>a=1 hoăc b=1 hoặc c=1 (2)
từ 1 và 2 => Q=1
Cho các số a,b,c thỏa mãn \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}\left(a,b,c\ne0\right)\).
Tính giá trị của biểu thức \(N=\left(a^{15}+b^{15}\right)\left(b^{27}+c^{27}\right)\left(c^{2015}+a^{2015}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{c}-\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{ab}+\dfrac{a+b+c-c}{c\left(a+b+c\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{ab}+\dfrac{a+b}{c\left(a+b+c\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\times\dfrac{ac+bc+c^2+ab}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-b\\b=-c\\c=-a\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow N=0\)
Cho a,b,c là các số thực khác 0 thỏa mãn: \(\frac{a+b}{c}+\frac{b+c}{a}+\frac{c+a}{b}-\frac{a^2+b^3+c^3}{abc}=2\)
Tính giá trị của biểu thức \(A=\left(\left(a+b\right)^{2013}-c^{2013}\right)\left(\left(b+c\right)^{2013}-a^{2013}\right)\left(\left(c+a\right)^{2013}-b^{2013}\right)\)
Cho 3 số hữu tỉ dương a;b;c thỏa mãn: \(\dfrac{a+b-2c}{c}=\dfrac{b+c-2a}{a}=\dfrac{c+a-2b}{b}\)
Tính giá trị biểu thức: P = \(\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(2+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}\right)\left(3+\dfrac{c^3}{a^3}\right)\)
Cho a,b,c là 3 số thực khác 0 và thỏa mãn:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2\left(b+c\right)+b^2\left(c+a\right)+c^2\left(a+b\right)+2abc=0\\a^{2013}+b^{2013}+c^{2013}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Hãy tính giá trị của biểu thức: Q= \(\frac{1}{a^{2013}}+\frac{1}{b^{2013}}+\frac{1}{c^{2013}}\)
gt \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b\left(a^2+2ac+c^2\right)+ac\left(a+c\right)+b^2\left(a+c\right)=0\\a^{2013}+b^{2013}+c^{2013}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a+c\right)\left[b\left(a+c\right)+ac+b^2\right]=0\\a^{2013}+b^{2013}+c^{2013}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)=0\\a^{2013}+b^{2013}+c^{2013}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b=0\Rightarrow a^{2013}+b^{2013}=0\\b+c=0\Rightarrow b^{2013}+c^{2013}=0\\a+c=0\Rightarrow a^{2013}+c^{2013}=0\end{matrix}\right.\\a^{2013}+b^{2013}+c^{2013}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow Q=1\)
Cho ba số thực dương a,b,c thỏa mãn a+b+c ≤ 2 . Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức : P = \(\dfrac{b\left(a^2+1\right)^2}{a^2\left(b^2+1\right)}+\dfrac{c\left(b^2+1\right)^2}{b^2\left(c^2+1\right)}+\dfrac{a\left(c^2+1\right)^2}{c^2\left(a^2+1\right)}\)
Giúp mình với mình
\(P\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{abc\left(a^2+1\right)^2\left(b^2+1\right)^2\left(c^2+1\right)^2}{a^2b^2c^2\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}}=3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}{abc}}\)
\(P\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}{\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^3}}=9\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}}\ge9\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}}\)
Theo nguyên lý Dirichlet, trong 3 số \(a^2;b^2;c^2\) luôn có ít nhất 2 số cùng phía so với \(\dfrac{4}{9}\)
Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử đó là \(a^2;b^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2-\dfrac{4}{9}\right)\left(b^2-\dfrac{4}{9}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2+\dfrac{16}{81}\ge\dfrac{4}{9}a^2+\dfrac{4}{9}b^2\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2b^2+a^2+b^2+1\ge\dfrac{13}{9}a^2+\dfrac{13}{9}b^2+\dfrac{65}{81}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\ge\dfrac{13}{9}\left(a^2+b^2+\dfrac{5}{9}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)\ge\dfrac{13}{9}\left(a^2+b^2+\dfrac{5}{9}\right)\left(c^2+1\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{13}{9}\left(a^2+b^2+\dfrac{4}{9}+\dfrac{1}{9}\right)\left(\dfrac{4}{9}+\dfrac{4}{9}+c^2+\dfrac{1}{9}\right)\)
\(\ge\dfrac{13}{9}\left(\dfrac{2}{3}a+\dfrac{2}{3}b+\dfrac{2}{3}c+\dfrac{1}{9}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge9\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{\dfrac{13}{9}\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)+\dfrac{1}{9}\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}}=9\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{13}{18}\left(\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{1}{9\left(a+b+c\right)}\right)^2}\)
\(P\ge9\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{13}{18}\left(\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{1}{9.2}\right)^2}=\dfrac{13}{2}\)
\(P_{min}=\dfrac{13}{2}\) khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
Từ giả thiết \(2\ge a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\Rightarrow\sqrt[3]{abc}\le\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(P\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}{abc}}\)
Đặt \(Q=\dfrac{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}{abc}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^2b^2c^2+\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)+\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+1}{abc}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{a^2b^2c^2+3\sqrt[3]{\left(a^2b^2c^2\right)^2}+3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}+1}{abc}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}+1\right)^3}{abc}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}\right)^3=\left(\sqrt[3]{abc}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}\right)^3\)
\(=\left(\sqrt[3]{abc}+\dfrac{4}{9\sqrt[3]{abc}}+\dfrac{5}{9\sqrt[3]{abc}}\right)^3\ge\left(2\sqrt[]{\dfrac{4\sqrt[3]{abc}}{9\sqrt[3]{abc}}}+\dfrac{5}{9.\dfrac{2}{3}}\right)^3=\dfrac{2197}{216}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{2197}{216}}=\dfrac{13}{2}\)