a,\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right);n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{29,4}{98}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 3H₂SO₄ → Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

Mol:    0,1         0,15            0,05             0,15

b,Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,1}{2}< \dfrac{0,3}{3}\) ⇒ Al hết, H₂SO₄ dư

\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4dư}=\left(0,3-0,15\right).98=14,7\left(g\right)\)

c, \(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,05.342=17,1\left(g\right)\)

d, \(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)

nZn=19,5/65=0,3(mol)

mHCl=18,25/36,5=0,5(mol)

pt: Zn+2HCl--->ZnCl2+H2

1______2

0,3_____0,5

Ta có: 0,3/1>0,5/2

=>Zn dư

mZn dư=0,05.65=3,25(mol)

Theo pt: nH2=1/2nHCl=1/2.0,5=0,25(mol)

=>VH2=0,25.22,4=5,6(l)

n_Zn = 0,3 mol

n_HCl = 0,5 mol

Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂

Đặt tỉ lệ ta có

0,3 < \(\dfrac{0,52}{2}\)

⇒ Zn dư và dư 3,25 gam

⇒ V_H2 = 0,25.22,4 = 5,6 (l)

nFe = 2.8/56 = 0.05 (mol) 

nHCl = 14.6/36.5 = 0.4 (mol) 

Fe + 2HCl => FeCl2 + H2 

1.........2

0.05......0.4 

LTL : 0.05/1 < 0.4/2 

=> HCl dư 

mHCl (dư) = ( 0.4 - 0.1 ) * 36.5 = 10.95 (g)

VH2 = 0.05*22.4 = 1.12 (l)

nHCl (dư) = 0.4 - 0.1 = 0.3 (mol)  

mFe cần thêm = 0.3/2 * 56 = 8.4 (g) 

Fe+2HCl->FeCl2+H2

0,125---0,25--0,125----0,125---

n Fe=11.2\56=0,2 mol

n HCl=0,25.1=0,25 mol

=> lập tỉ lệ : 0,2\1>0,25\2

=>HCl hết

=>VH2=0,125.22,4=2,8l

=>m Fe=0,125.56=7g

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=CM.V_{dd}=1.0,25=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:\(2Fe+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2\)

TPƯ:   0,2       0,25

PƯ:     0,08    0,25         0,08         0,125

SPƯ:   0,12        0            0,08       0,125

\(V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,125.22,4=2,8\left(l\right)\)

\(m_{Fedư}=n.M=0,12.56=6,72\left(g\right)\)

\(a,PTHH:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ b,n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=2\cdot0,15=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Vì \(\dfrac{n_{Zn}}{1}>\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}\) nên sau p/ứ Zn dư

\(\Rightarrow n_{Zn}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,15\cdot65=9,75\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=13-9,75=3,25\left(g\right)\\ c,n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)

a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{2}< \dfrac{0,4}{6}\) => Al hết, HCl dư

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

           0,1--->0,3------>0,1---->0,15

=> m_HCl = (0,4 - 0,3).36,5 = 3,65 (g)

b) V_H2 = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36 (l)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m_{Al}}{M_{Al}}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1mol\)

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{m_{HCl}}{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4mol\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

0,1  <   0,4                                 ( mol )

0,1        0,3                         0,15 ( mol )

a. Chất còn dư là HCl

\(m_{HCl}=n_{HCl}.M_{HCl}=\left(0,4-0,3\right).36,5=3,65g\)

\(V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,15.22,4=3,36l\)

Zn+2HCl->ZnCl₂+H₂

0,125-0,25---0,125-0,125

n HCl=\(\dfrac{9,125}{36,5}\)=0,25 mol

=>Zn dư

 =>m _{Zn dư}=(0,15-0,125).65=1,625 mol

=>V_H2=0,125.22,4=2,8l

=>m _ZnCl2=0,125.136=17g

nHCl = 9,125/36,5 = 0,25 (mol)

PTHH: Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2

LTL: 0,15 > 0,25/2 => Zn dư

nZn (p/ư) = nZnCl2 = nH2 = 0,25/2 = 0,125 (mol)

mZn (dư) = (0,15 - 0,125) . 65 = 1,625 (g)

VH2 = 0,125 . 22,4 = 2,8 (l)

mZnCl2 = 0,125 . 136 = 17 (g)

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{m_{HCl}}{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{9,15}{36,5}=0,250mol\)

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

1          2               1         1            ( mol )

0,15 >  0,250                           ( mol )

0,125  0,25          0,125  0,125   ( mol )

Chất dư là Zn

\(m_{Zn\left(du\right)}=n_{Zn\left(du\right)}.M_{Zn}=\left(0,15-0,125\right).65=1,625g\)

\(V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,125.22,4=2,8l\)

\(m_{ZnCl_2}=n_{ZnCl_2}.M_{ZnCl_2}=0,125.136=17g\)