1)

Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

Cu + 2H₂SO₄ --> CuSO₄ + SO₂ + 2H₂O

2)

- Xét TN1:

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

         0,15<------------------0,15

=> m_Fe = 0,15.56 = 8,4 (g)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{8,4}{14,8}.100\%=56,757\%\\\%m_{Cu}=100\%-56,757\%=43,243\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

3) 

- Xét TN2:

\(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{29,6.43,243\%}{64}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Cu + 2H₂SO₄ --> CuSO₄ + SO₂ + 2H₂O

            0,2-------------------------->0,2

=> V = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)

Đáp án C

Gọi a, b là số mol của Al và Fe trong 8,3 g hỗn hợp ban đầu

Câu 1:

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,1\cdot56=5,6\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow\%_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{12}\cdot100\%\approx46,67\%\\ \Rightarrow\%_{Cu}\approx100\%-46,67\%=53,33\%\)

Bài 2:

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V=V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,2\cdot22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,784}{22,4}=0,035\left(mol\right)\\ Đặt:n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right);n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ PTHH:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+56b=1,39\\1,5a+b=0,035\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,01\\b=0,02\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,01.27}{1,39}.100=37,53\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=100\%-37,53\%=62,47\%\)

a) Gọi `n_{Al} = a (mol); n_{Fe} = b (mol)`

PTHH:

`2Al + 3H_2SO_4 -> Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2`

`Fe + H_2SO_4 -> FeSO_4 + H_`

b) `n_{H_2} = (0,56)/(22,4) = 0,025 (mol)`

Theo PT: `n_{H_2} = n_{Fe} + 3/2 n_{Al}`

`=> b + 1,5a = 0,025`

Giải hpt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+56b=0,83\\1,5a+b=0,025\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=0,01\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,01.27}{0,83}.100\%=32,53\%\\\%m_{Fe}=100\%-32,53\%=67,47\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Gọi x,y là số mol của AI và Fe

2Al + 3H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2

x --------------------... \(\frac{3x}{2}\)

Fe + H2SO4 -> FeSO4 + H2

y ----------------------> y

n H2 = 0,56 / 22,4 = 0,025 mol

Ta có hệ \(\begin{cases}27x+56y=0,83\\x+\frac{3x}{2}=0,025\end{cases}\)

\(\begin{cases}x=0,01mol\\y=0,01mol\end{cases}\)

=> m Al = 0,01 x 27 = 0,27 g
=> m Fe = 0,01 x 56 = 0,56 g

=> % Al = 0,27 / 0,83 x 100% = 32,53 %
=> % Fe = 0,56 / 0,83 x 100% = 67,47 %

a) PTHH: 2Al + 3H₂SO₄ --> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

b) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 3H₂SO₄ --> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

_____0,02<---0,03<---------------------0,03

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Al=\dfrac{0,02.27}{2,16}.100\%=25\%\\\%Cu=100\%-25\%=75\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) m_H2SO4 = 0,03.98 = 2,94 (g)

=> \(C\%\left(H_2SO_4\right)=\dfrac{2,94}{200}.100\%=1,47\%\)

Gọi $n_{Fe} = a(mol), n_{Zn} = b(mol) , n_{Al} = c(mol) \Rightarrow 56a + 65b + 27c = 20,4(1)$

$Fe + H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 + H_2$
$Zn + H_2SO_4 \to ZnSO_4 + H_2$
$2Al +3 H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 +3 H_2$

Theo PTHH : $n_{H_2} = a + b + 1,5c = \dfrac{10,08}{22,4} = 0,45(mol)(2)$

Mặt khác : 

$2Fe + 3Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2FeCl_3$
$Zn + Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} ZnCl_2$
$2Al + 3Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2AlCl_3$

Theo PTHH : $n_{Cl_2} = 1,5n_{Fe} + n_{Zn} + 1,5n_{Al}$

Suy ra : \dfrac{1,5a + b + 1,5c}{a + b + c} = \dfrac{0,275}{0,2}(3)$

Từ (1)(2)(3) suy ra : a = 0,2 ; b = 0,1 ; c = 0,1

$\%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,2.56}{20,4}.100\% = 54,9\%$

$\%m_{Zn} = \dfrac{0,1.65}{20,4}.100\% = 31,9\%$
$\%m_{Al} = 100\% - 54,9\% - 31,9\% = 13,2\%$