Thực hiện phép tính (tính hợp lí nếu có thể):
a) \(\dfrac{5}{3}.\dfrac{7}{25}+\dfrac{5}{3}.\dfrac{21}{25}-\dfrac{5}{3}.\dfrac{7}{25}\) b) 250% + \(19\dfrac{3}{11}.\dfrac{7}{26}-6\dfrac{3}{11}.\dfrac{7}{26}\)
\(\dfrac{5}{3}\cdot\dfrac{7}{25}+\dfrac{5}{3}\cdot\dfrac{21}{25}-\dfrac{5}{3}\cdot\dfrac{7}{25}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{3}\cdot\left(\dfrac{7.}{25}+\dfrac{21}{25}-\dfrac{7}{25}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{3}\cdot\dfrac{21}{25}=\dfrac{7}{5}\)
b) \(250\%+19\dfrac{3}{11}\cdot\dfrac{7}{26}-6\dfrac{3}{11}\cdot\dfrac{7}{26}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{2}+\dfrac{212}{11}\cdot\dfrac{7}{26}-\dfrac{69}{11}\cdot\dfrac{7}{26}\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{26}\cdot\left(\dfrac{212}{11}-\dfrac{69}{11}\right)+\dfrac{5}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{26}\cdot13+\dfrac{5}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{2}+\dfrac{5}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{12}{2}=6\)
Tính giá trị các biểu thức sau một cách hợp lí :
\(A=\dfrac{7}{19}.\dfrac{8}{11}+\dfrac{7}{19}.\dfrac{3}{11}+\dfrac{12}{19}\)
\(B=\dfrac{5}{9}.\dfrac{7}{13}+\dfrac{5}{9}.\dfrac{9}{13}-\dfrac{5}{9}.\dfrac{3}{13}\)
\(C=\left(\dfrac{67}{111}+\dfrac{2}{33}-\dfrac{15}{117}\right).\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{12}\right)\)
Gợi ý: Sử dụng tính chất phân phối của phép nhân đối với phép cộng để nhóm thừa số chung ra ngoài.
Bài 2: Thực hiện phép tính một cách hợp lí
f) \(\dfrac{7}{19}\) . \(\dfrac{8}{11}\) + \(\dfrac{3}{11}\) . \(\dfrac{7}{19}\) +\(\dfrac{-12}{19}\)
i) ( \(\dfrac{3}{8}\) + \(\dfrac{-3}{4}\)+ \(\dfrac{7}{12}\) ) : \(\dfrac{5}{6}\) +\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)
f: \(=\dfrac{7}{19}\left(\dfrac{8}{11}+\dfrac{3}{11}\right)-\dfrac{12}{19}=\dfrac{7}{19}-\dfrac{12}{19}=\dfrac{-5}{19}\)
i: \(=\left(\dfrac{9}{24}-\dfrac{18}{24}+\dfrac{14}{24}\right)\cdot\dfrac{6}{5}+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{5}{24}\cdot\dfrac{6}{5}+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
=1/4+1/2=3/4
` 7/19 . 8/11 + 3/11 . 7/19 + (-12)/19 `
`= 7/19 . ( 8/11 + 3/11 ) + (-12)/19 `
`= 7/19 . 11/11 + (-12)/19`
`= 7/19 . 1 + (-12)/19 `
`= 7/19 + (-12)/19 `
`= -5/19 `
`( 3/8 + (-3)/4 + 7/12 ) : 5/6 + 1/2`
`= 3/8 + (-3)4 + 7/12 . 6/5 + 1/2`
`= ( 9+(-18) + 14)/24 . 6/5 + 1/2`
`= 5/24 . 6/5 + 1/2`
`= 1/4 + 1/2 `
`= 3/4`
Tính hợp lí:
d) \(\dfrac{-7}{9}.\dfrac{3}{11}+\dfrac{-7}{9}.\dfrac{8}{11}+1\dfrac{7}{9}\)
e) \(\dfrac{7}{35}.\dfrac{10}{19}+\dfrac{7}{35}.\dfrac{9}{19}-\dfrac{2}{35}\)
f) \(\left(-25\right).125.4.\left(-8\right).\left(-17\right)\)
d: \(=\dfrac{-7}{9}\left(\dfrac{3}{11}+\dfrac{8}{11}\right)+1+\dfrac{7}{9}=1\)
e: \(=\dfrac{1}{5}\left(\dfrac{10}{19}+\dfrac{9}{19}\right)-\dfrac{2}{35}=\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{2}{35}=\dfrac{5}{35}=\dfrac{1}{7}\)
f: \(=\left(-25\cdot4\right)\cdot\left(-8\cdot125\right)\cdot\left(-17\right)=-1700000\)
Tính bằng cách thuận tiện.
a) \(\dfrac{3}{5}\times\dfrac{17}{21}+\dfrac{2}{5}\times\dfrac{17}{21}\) b) \(\dfrac{11}{19}\times\dfrac{2}{7}+\dfrac{5}{7}\times\dfrac{11}{19}\)
a) \(\dfrac{3}{5}\times\dfrac{17}{21}+\dfrac{2}{5}\times\dfrac{17}{21}\)
\(=\dfrac{17}{21}\times\left(\dfrac{3}{5}+\dfrac{2}{5}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{17}{21}\times1\)
\(=\dfrac{17}{21}\)
b) \(\dfrac{11}{19}\times\dfrac{2}{7}+\dfrac{5}{7}\times\dfrac{11}{19}\)
\(=\dfrac{11}{19}\times\left(\dfrac{2}{7}+\dfrac{5}{7}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{11}{19}\times1\)
\(=\dfrac{11}{19}\)
a: =17/21(3/5+2/5)
=17/21*5/5
=17/21
b: =11/19(2/7+5/7)
=11/19*1
=11/19
Tính một cách hợp lí:
a) \(\dfrac{27}{13}-\dfrac{106}{111}+\dfrac{-5}{111};\)
b) \(\dfrac{12}{11}-\dfrac{-7}{19}+\dfrac{12}{19};\)
c) \(\dfrac{5}{17}-\dfrac{25}{31}+\dfrac{12}{17}+\dfrac{-6}{31}.\)
\(a.\)
\(\dfrac{27}{13}-\dfrac{106}{111}+-\dfrac{5}{111}=\dfrac{27}{13}-\dfrac{106}{111}-\dfrac{5}{111}=\dfrac{27}{13}-\left(\dfrac{106+6}{111}\right)=\dfrac{27}{13}-1=\dfrac{14}{13}\)
\(b.\)
\(\dfrac{12}{11}-\dfrac{-7}{19}+\dfrac{12}{19}=\dfrac{12}{11}+\dfrac{7}{19}+\dfrac{12}{19}=\dfrac{12}{11}+1=\dfrac{23}{11}\)
\(c.\)
\(\dfrac{5}{17}-\dfrac{25}{31}+\dfrac{12}{17}+-\dfrac{6}{31}=\left(\dfrac{5}{17}+\dfrac{12}{17}\right)-\left(\dfrac{25}{31}+\dfrac{6}{31}\right)=1-1=0\)
a) \(\dfrac{27}{13}-\dfrac{106}{111}+\dfrac{-5}{111}=\dfrac{27}{13}+\left(\dfrac{-106}{111}+\dfrac{-5}{111}\right)=\dfrac{27}{13}+-1=\dfrac{14}{13}\)
b) \(\dfrac{12}{11}-\dfrac{-7}{19}+\dfrac{12}{19}=\dfrac{12}{11}+\left(\dfrac{7}{19}+\dfrac{12}{19}\right)=\dfrac{12}{11}+1=\dfrac{23}{11}\)
c)\(\dfrac{5}{17}-\dfrac{25}{31}+\dfrac{12}{17}+\dfrac{-6}{31}=\left(\dfrac{5}{17}+\dfrac{12}{17}\right)+\left(\dfrac{-25}{31}+\dfrac{-6}{31}\right)=1+-1=0\)
Tính hợp lý nếu có thể:
a) \(\dfrac{2}{9}+\dfrac{-3}{10}+\dfrac{-7}{10}\)
b) \(\dfrac{-11}{6}+\dfrac{2}{5}+\dfrac{-1}{6}\)
c) \(\dfrac{27}{13}-\dfrac{106}{111}+\dfrac{-5}{111}\)
d) \(\dfrac{12}{11}-\dfrac{-7}{19}+\dfrac{12}{19}\)
a, \(=\dfrac{2}{9}-\dfrac{10}{10}=\dfrac{2}{9}-1=-\dfrac{7}{9}\)
b, \(=-\dfrac{12}{6}+\dfrac{2}{5}=-2+\dfrac{2}{5}=-\dfrac{8}{5}\)
c, \(=\dfrac{27}{13}-1=\dfrac{14}{13}\)
d, \(=\dfrac{12}{11}+\dfrac{7}{19}+\dfrac{12}{19}=\dfrac{12}{11}+1=\dfrac{23}{11}\)
a) \(\dfrac{2}{9}+\dfrac{-3}{10}+\dfrac{-7}{10}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{9}+\dfrac{-10}{10}=\dfrac{2}{9}-1=-\dfrac{7}{9}\)
b) \(\dfrac{-11}{6}+\dfrac{2}{5}+\dfrac{-1}{6}\)
\(=-2+\dfrac{2}{5}=-\dfrac{8}{5}\)
a,\(=\dfrac{2}{9}+\left(\dfrac{-3}{10}+\dfrac{-7}{10}\right)=\dfrac{2}{9}+\left(-1\right)=\dfrac{-7}{9}\)
b,\(=\left(\dfrac{-11}{6}+\dfrac{-1}{6}\right)+\dfrac{2}{5}=-2+\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{-8}{5}\)
c,\(=\dfrac{27}{13}-\left(\dfrac{106}{111}+\dfrac{-5}{111}\right)=\dfrac{27}{13}-1=\dfrac{14}{13}\)
Thực hiện phép tính ( tính nhanh nếu có thể ) :
a) \(\dfrac{3}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}.\dfrac{-17}{9}\)
b) \(\left(-\dfrac{4}{15}-\dfrac{18}{19}\right)-\left(\dfrac{20}{19}+\dfrac{11}{15}\right)\)
\(a,\dfrac{3}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}.\dfrac{-17}{9}=\dfrac{3}{5}-\dfrac{17}{45}=\dfrac{27}{45}-\dfrac{17}{45}=\dfrac{10}{45}=\dfrac{2}{9}\\ b,\left(-\dfrac{4}{15}-\dfrac{18}{19}\right)-\left(\dfrac{20}{19}+\dfrac{11}{15}\right)=-\dfrac{4}{15}-\dfrac{18}{19}-\dfrac{20}{19}-\dfrac{11}{15}=\left(-\dfrac{4}{15}-\dfrac{11}{15}\right)-\left(\dfrac{18}{19}+\dfrac{20}{19}\right)=-1-2=-3\)
\(a,=\dfrac{3}{5}+\left(-\dfrac{17}{45}\right)=\dfrac{2}{9}\)
\(b,=-\dfrac{4}{15}-\dfrac{18}{19}-\dfrac{20}{19}-\dfrac{11}{15}=-3\)
a. 3/5+1/5.-17/9
=3/5+-17/45
=27/45+-17/45
=2/9
b. (-4/15-18/19)-(20/19+11/15)
=-4/15-18/19-20/19-11/15
=(-4/15-11/15)-(18/19-20/19)
=(-1)-(-2/19)
=(-19/19)-(-2/19)
=-17/19
Thực hiện phép tính (tính nhanh nếu có thể):
a/ \(\dfrac{3}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}.\dfrac{-17}{9}\) b/ \(\left(-\dfrac{4}{15}-\dfrac{18}{19}\right)\)-\(\left(\dfrac{20}{19}+\dfrac{11}{15}\right)\)
