a)Zn +H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 +H2

  Fe +H2SO4 -> FeSO4 +H2

 Cu +H2SO4 -> CUSO4+H2

đặt số mol 3 KL Zn, Fe, Cu lần lượt là a, b, c (mol), ta có pt theo đề bài:

     65a+56b+64c=21.6 (1)

      c=3/64 (2)

       a+b=6.72/22.4 (3)

Từ (1)(2)(3)==> a=0.2(mol), b=0.1(mol), c=3/64(mol)

==>%_Zn=0.2 x 65 x100/21.6 = 60.185%

       %_Fe=0.1 x 56 x 100/21.6 = 25.925%

       %_Cu=100%-( 60.185% + 25.925% )= 13.89%

\(a.Đặt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Zn:x\left(mol\right)\\Mg:y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ Tacó:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65x+24y=11,3\\x+y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right);m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8\left(g\right)\\ b.\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{11,3}=57,52\%;\%m_{Mg}=100-57,52=42,48\%\\ c.3H_2+Fe_2O_3-^{t^o}\rightarrow2Fe+3H_2O\\ TheoPT:n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,1.160=16\left(g\right)\)

Chất không tan là Ag.

=> mAg= 6,25(g)

nH2=0,25(mol)

PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2

-> nZn=nH2= 0,25(mol)

=>mZn= 0,25 . 65=16,25(g)

=> 

             2Ag+ 2H₂SO₄→ Ag₂SO₄+ 2H₂O+ SO₂

(mol)  0,04                              0,02                                                       Zn+ H₂SO₄→ ZnSO₄+ H₂

(mol) 0,25                                   0,25                              \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\) \(\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

6,25g một chất rắn không tan là: Ag₂SO₄

→ \(n_{Ag_2SO_4}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{6,25}{312}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

=> m_Ag=n.M=0,04.108=4,32(g)

      m_Zn=n.M= 0,25.65=16,25(g)

→ m_{hh kim loại}=m_Ag+m_Zn=4,32+16,25=20,57(g)

=> %m_Ag=\(\dfrac{4,32}{20,57}.100\%=21\%\)

     %m_Zn= 100%- 21%= 79%

         2Ag+2H₂SO₄→Ag₂SO₄+2H₂O+SO₂

(mol) 0,04                   0,02                                                          

           Zn+H₂SO₄→ZnSO₄+H₂

(mol) 0,25                              0,25                                               

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

6,25g một chất rắn không tan đó là: Ag₂SO₄

→ \(n_{Ag_2SO_4}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{6,25}{312}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

m_Ag=n.M=0,04.108=4,32(g)

m_Zn=n.M=0,25.65=16,25(g)

m_{hh kim loại}= m_Ag+ m_Zn=4,32+16,25= 20,57(g)

=> %m_Ag=\(\dfrac{4,32}{20,57}.100\%=21\%\)

     %m_Zn= 100%-21%= 79%

_{Không viết phương trình nhá !!}

a) Gọi a và b lần lượt là số mol của Mg và Al

\(\Rightarrow24a+27b=1,035\)  (1)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,176}{22,4}=0,0525\left(mol\right)\)

Bảo toàn electron: \(2a+3b=2\cdot0,0525\)  (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,015\\b=0,025\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,015\cdot24}{1,035}\cdot100\%\approx34,78\%\\\%m_{Al}=65,22\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\Sigma n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{100\cdot9,8\%}{98}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4\left(p/ứ\right)}=n_{H_2}=0,0525\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,0475\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,0475\cdot98=4,655\left(g\right)\)

c) Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,0125\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgO}=n_{Mg}=0,015\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{oxit}=0,0125\cdot102+0,015\cdot40=1,875\left(g\right)\)

a) Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(m_A=1,035\left(g\right)\rightarrow24a+27b=1,035\) (1)

\(Mg+2H_2SO_4đ\rightarrow MgSO_4+SO_2+2H_2O\)

a ------------ 2a ----------------------- a (mol) 

\(2Al+6H_2SO_4đ\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3SO_2+6H_2O\)

b ------------ 3b -------------------------- 1,5b (mol)

\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{1,176}{22,4}=0,0525\left(mol\right)\rightarrow a+1,5b=0,0525\) (2) 

Giải hệ (1)(2) \(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,015\\b=0,025\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=0,015.24=0,36\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=0,025.27=0,675\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=34,78\%\\\%m_{Al}=65,22\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(\Sigma_{n_{H_2SO_4}}=2a+3b=0,105\left(mol\right)\)

\(\rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,105.98=10,29\left(g\right)\)

c. \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgO}=n_{Mg}=0,015\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{Al}=0,0125\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\rightarrow m_{oxit}=0,015.40+0,0125.102=1,875\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,437}{24,79}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)

x --->x----------------------->x

\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)

y----->y------------------------>y

Có hệ phương trình: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+65y=11,3\\x+y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

a

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{65.0,1.100\%}{11,3}=57,52\%\\\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{24.0,2.100\%\%}{11,3}=42,48\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b

\(V_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{x+y}{0,5}=\dfrac{0,2+0,1}{0,5}=0,6\left(l\right)\)

Ta có: m_Cu = 1,86 (g)

PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

Có: m_Al + m_Fe = 6 - 1,86 = 4,14 (g)

Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇒ 27x + 56y = 4,14 (1)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,024}{22,4}=0,135\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{3}{2}x+y\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{2}x+y=0,135\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,06\left(mol\right)\\y=0,045\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{1,86}{6}.100\%=31\%\\\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,06.27}{6}.100\%=27\%\\\%m_{Fe}=42\text{%}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

Chất rắn không tan sau phản ứng là Cu

=> m Cu = 1,86(gam)

Gọi n Al =a (mol) ; n Fe = b(mol) => 27a + 56b = 6 -1,86 = 4,14(1)

$2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$

$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$

n H2 = 1,5a + b = 3,024/22,4 = 0,135(2)

Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,06 ; b = 0,045

Vậy :

%m Cu = 1,86/6 .100% = 31%

%m Al = 0,06.27/6 .100% = 27%

%m Fe = 100% -31% -27% = 42%

PTHH: Mg +2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2

x_________2x_____x_______x(mol)

Zn + 2 HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2

y___2y_____y_______y(mol)

Ta có hpt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+65y=15,3\\x+y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{21}{205}\\y=\dfrac{81}{410}\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>mMg=21/205 . 24 = 504/205(g)

mZn=81/410 . 65=1053/82(g)

Số ra xấu quá

a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

m_{hh Zn và Fe} = 21,6-3 = 18,6 (g)

PTHH: Zn + H₂SO₄ → ZnSO₄ + H₂

Mol:      x                                           x

PTHH: Fe + H₂SO₄ → FeSO₄ + H₂

Mol:      y                                           y 

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65x+56y=18,6\\x+y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,2.65.100\%}{21,6}=60,19\%\)

\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56.100\%}{21,6}=25,93\%\)

\(\%m_{Cu}=100-60,19-25,93=13,88\%\)

b,

PTHH: Zn + H₂SO₄ → ZnSO₄ + H₂

Mol:     0,2     0,2                            0,2

PTHH: Fe + H₂SO₄ → FeSO₄ + H₂

Mol:     0,1      0,1                            0,1 

\(m_{H_2SO_4}=\left(0,1+0,2\right).98=29,4\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{29,4.100\%}{25\%}=117,6\left(g\right)\)

c,m_{dd sau pư} = 21,6+117,6- (0,1+0,2).2 = 138,6 (g)

\(C\%_{ddZnSO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.161.100\%}{138,6}=23,23\%\)

\(C\%_{ddFeSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.152.100\%}{138,6}=10,97\%\)