Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a},\frac{1}{b},\frac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x,y,z\right)\)

\(x+y+z\ge\frac{x^2+2xy}{2x+y}+\frac{y^2+2yz}{2y+z}+\frac{z^2+2zx}{2z+x}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z\ge\frac{3xy}{2x+y}+\frac{3yz}{2y+z}+\frac{3zx}{2z+x}\)

\(\frac{3xy}{2x+y}\le\frac{3}{9}xy\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)=\frac{1}{3}\left(x+2y\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{3xy}{2x+y}\le\frac{1}{3}\left[\left(x+2y\right)+\left(y+2z\right)+\left(z+2x\right)\right]=x+y+z\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=z

Lời giải:

Sửa đề: \(\frac{1}{(a+b+\sqrt{2(a+c)})^3}+\frac{1}{(b+c+\sqrt{2(b+a)})^3}+\frac{1}{(c+a+\sqrt{2(b+c)})^3}\leq \frac{8}{9}\)

--------------------------

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:

\(a+b+\sqrt{2(a+c)}=a+b+\sqrt{\frac{a+c}{2}}+\sqrt{\frac{a+c}{2}}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{(a+b)(a+c)}{2}}\)

\(\Rightarrow [a+b+\sqrt{2(a+c)}]^3\geq \frac{27}{2}(a+b)(a+c)\)

\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{(a+b+\sqrt{2(a+c)})^3}\leq \frac{2}{27(a+b)(a+c)}\)

Hoàn toàn tương tự với các phân thức còn lại:

\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\leq \frac{4(a+b+c)}{27(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)}(1)\)

Lại theo BĐT AM-GM:

\((a+b)(b+c)(c+a)=(a+b+c)(ab+bc+ac)-abc\geq (a+b+c)(ab+bc+ac)-\frac{(a+b+c)(ab+bc+ac)}{9}=\frac{8}{9}(a+b+c)(ab+bc+ac)(2)\)

Và:

\(16(a+b+c)\geq \frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{ab+bc+ac}{abc}\geq \frac{3(a+b+c)}{ab+bc+ac}\)

\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ac\geq \frac{3}{16}(3)\)

Từ \((1);(2);(3)\Rightarrow \text{VT}\leq \frac{1}{6(ab+bc+ac)}\leq \frac{1}{6.\frac{3}{16}}=\frac{8}{9}\) (đpcm)

Áp dụng bđt Cauchy cho 2 số không âm :

\(x^2+\frac{1}{x}\ge2\sqrt[2]{\frac{x^2}{x}}=2.\sqrt{x}\)

\(y^2+\frac{1}{y}\ge2\sqrt[2]{\frac{y^2}{y}}=2.\sqrt{y}\)

Cộng vế với vế ta được :

\(x^2+y^2+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge2.\sqrt{x}+2.\sqrt{y}=2\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\)

Vậy ta có điều phải chứng mình 

Ta đi chứng minh:\(a^3+b^3\ge ab\left(a+b\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a+b\right)\ge0\)* đúng *

Khi đó:

\(\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+abc}\le\frac{1}{ab\left(a+b\right)+abc}=\frac{1}{ab\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{c}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}\)

Tương tự:

\(\frac{1}{b^3+c^3+abc}\le\frac{a}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)};\frac{1}{c^3+a^3+abc}\le\frac{b}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow LHS\le\frac{a+b+c}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{1}{abc}\)

Trời ạ cay vãi shit đánh máy xong rồi tự nhiên bấm hủy T.T bài 1 ngắn đã đành ......

\(WLOG:a\ge b\ge c\)

Ta dễ có:\(\frac{a}{b+c+1}+\frac{b}{c+a+1}+\frac{c}{a+b+1}\)

\(\le\frac{a}{b+c+1}+\frac{b}{b+c+1}+\frac{c}{b+c+1}\)

\(=\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+1}\)

Ta cần chứng minh:

\(\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+1}+\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\le1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c+\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\left(b+c+1\right)\le1+b+c\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\left(1+b+c\right)\le1-a\) ( 1 )

Mà theo AM - GM :

\(\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\left(1+b+c\right)\le\left(\frac{1-b+1-c+1+b+c}{3}\right)^3=1\)

Khi đó ( 1 ) đúng

Vậy ta có đpcm

Nếu bài toán trở thành

\(\frac{a}{bc+2}+\frac{b}{ca+2}+\frac{c}{ab+2}+\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\le1\) thì bài toán khó định hướng hơn rất nhiều :D

1) Trước hết ta đi chứng minh BĐT : \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)  với \(a,b>0\) (1) 

Thật vậy : BĐT  (1) \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}-\frac{4}{a+b}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2-4ab}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge0\)  ( luôn đúng )

Vì vậy BĐT (1) đúng.

Áp dụng vào bài toán ta có:

\(\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{4}{a+b}+\frac{4}{b+c}+\frac{4}{a+c}\right)\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)

                                                                 \(=\frac{1}{4}\cdot\left[2.\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\right]=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)

Vậy ta có điều phải chứng minh !

Bài 1 : 

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\) với a , b > 0

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\\\frac{1}{b+c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\\\frac{1}{a+c}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\end{cases}}\)

Cộng theo từng vế 

\(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{2}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{2}{c}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)( đpcm)

2 )

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cacuchy - Schwarz :
\(VT=\frac{a^4}{a^2b}+\frac{b^4}{b^2c}+\frac{c^4}{c^2a}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a^2b+b^2c+c^2a}\left(1\right)\)

Vì \(a+b+c=1\)nên 

\(a^2+b^2+c^2=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)

\(=\left(a^3++ab^2+b^3+bc^2+c^3+ca^2\right)+\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\)

Áp dụng AM - GM 

\(a^3+ab^2\ge2a^2b\). Tương tự cho 2 cặp còn lại suy ra 

\(a^3+b^3+c^3+ab^2+bc^2+ca^2\ge2\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow VT\ge3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(đpcm\right)\)

Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)

Ta có:

\(\frac{1}{\left(2a+b+c\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(a+2b+c\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(a+b+2c\right)^2}\)

\(\le\frac{1}{4\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{1}{4\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{4\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}\)

\(=\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{4\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)

\(=\frac{a+b+c}{2\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)

Giờ ta cần chứng minh

\(\frac{a+b+c}{2\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\le\frac{9}{16\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge\frac{8}{9}\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

Ta có:

\(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-3abc\)

\(\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-\frac{1}{9}\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

\(=\frac{8}{9}\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

Vậy ta có ĐPCM

Bạn tham khảo:

Câu hỏi của Phạm Minh anh - Toán lớp 9 | Học trực tuyến

\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\)

\(\frac{yz}{xyz}+\frac{xz}{xyz}+\frac{xy}{xyz}=0\)

\(\frac{yz+xz+xy}{xyz}=0\)

yz + xz + xy = 0

\(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2xz+2yz=x^2+y^2+z^2+2\times\left(xy+xz+yz\right)=x^2+y^2+z^2+2\times0=x^2+y^2+z^2\left(\text{đ}pcm\right)\)

a) Từ giả thiết suy ra: xy + yz + zx = 0

Do đó:

\(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=x^2+y^2+z^2\)

b) Đặt \(\frac{1}{a-b}=x\); \(\frac{1}{b-c}=y\); \(\frac{1}{c-a}=z\)

Ta có: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=a-b+b-c+c-a=0\)

Theo câu a ta có: \(x^2+y^2+z^2=\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)

Suy ra điều phải chứng minh

a)

\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{xy+yz+xz}{xyz}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow xy+yz+xz=0\)

\(x^2+y^2+z^2=\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2=x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2xz\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2=x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)

Do \(xy+yz+xz=0\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2=x^2+y^2+z^2\) ( đpcm )

b)

\(\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(c-a\right)^2}=\left(\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}\right)^2\)

\(\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(c-a\right)^2}=\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(c-a\right)^2}+\frac{2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\frac{2}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\frac{2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\frac{2}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\frac{2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow2\left(\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(c-a\right)^2\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b\right)+\left(a-b\right)^2\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)+\left(b-c\right)^2\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a-b\right)^2\left(b-c\right)^2\left(c-a\right)^2}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(c-a\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)+\left(b-c\right)+\left(c-a\right)\right]}{\left(a-b\right)^2\left(b-c\right)^2\left(c-a\right)^2}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(c-a\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b\right)\left[\left(-a+a\right)+\left(-b+b\right)+\left(-c+c\right)\right]}{\left(a-b\right)^2\left(b-c\right)^2\left(c-a\right)^2}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(c-a\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b\right).0}{\left(a-b\right)^2\left(b-c\right)^2\left(c-a\right)^2}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow0=0\) ( đpcm )

\(3=ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\Rightarrow abc\le1\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{1}{abc+a^2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{abc+b^2\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{1}{abc+c^2\left(a+b\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{1}{a\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\frac{1}{b\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\frac{1}{c\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=\frac{ab+bc+ca}{3abc}=\frac{1}{abc}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)