a: \(P=\left(\dfrac{2+\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\right):\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{1}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

b: Để P nguyên thì \(\sqrt{x}+1⋮\sqrt{x}-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-1\in\left\{-1;1;2\right\}\)

hay \(x\in\left\{0;4;9\right\}\)

\(P=\left(1+\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{x+1}\right):\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-1}-\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{x\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}-x-1}\right)-\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}+1}{x-\sqrt{x}+1}\) đk: \(x\ge0,x\ne1\)

\(=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}+1}{x+1}:\left[\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-1}-\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}\left(x+1\right)-\left(x+1\right)}\right]-\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(x-\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{x-\sqrt{x}+1}\)

\(=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}+1}{x+1}:\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)-2\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}-\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}+1}{x+1}.\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}-\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}-\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

\(=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}+1-\left(x-1\right)}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

b)Để P<4 \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-1}< 4\) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-1}-4< 0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2-4\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\sqrt{x}-1}< 0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{6-3\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-1}< 0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6-3\sqrt{x}>0\\\sqrt{x}-1< 0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6-3\sqrt{x}< 0\\\sqrt{x}-1>0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}< 2\\\sqrt{x}< 1\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}>2\\\sqrt{x}>1\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}< 1\\\sqrt{x}>2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}0\le x< 1\\x>4\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy...

c)\(P=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\) \(=1+\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

Để P nguyên khi \(\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}-1}\) nguyên

\(x\in Z\)\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}\in Z\\\sqrt{x}\in I\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}-1\in Z\\\sqrt{x}-1\in I\end{matrix}\right.\)

Tại \(\sqrt{x}-1\in I\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}-1}\notin Z\) (L)

Tại\(\sqrt{x}-1\in Z\) .Để \(\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}-1}\in Z\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-1\inƯ\left(3\right)=\left\{-1;1;-3;3\right\}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\in\left\{0;2;-2;4\right\}\) mà \(\sqrt{x}\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}\in\left\{0;2;4\right\}\) \(\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{0;4;16\right\}\) (tm)

a: ĐKXĐ: x=0; x<>1

\(M=\left(2+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(1-2\sqrt{x}-x+1+\sqrt{x}+x\right)\)

\(=\left(2+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(2-\sqrt{x}\right)=4-x\)

b: Sửa đề: P=1/M

P=1/4-x=-1/x-4

Để P nguyên thì x-4 thuộc {1;-1}

=>x thuộc {5;3}

\(A=\left(\dfrac{x+2}{x\sqrt{x}-1}+\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}+\dfrac{1}{1-\sqrt{x}}\right):\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{2}\left(đk:x\ge0,x\ne1\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{x+2+\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)-\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}.\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

\(=\dfrac{x-2\sqrt{x}+1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}.\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2.2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}=\dfrac{2}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}\)

Để A nguyên thì: \(x+\sqrt{x}+1\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{-2;-1;1;2\right\}\)

Mà \(x+\sqrt{x}+1=\left(x+\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}=\left(\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}>0\)

\(\Rightarrow x+\sqrt{x}+1\in\left\{1;2\right\}\)

+ Với \(x+\sqrt{x}+1=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=0\left(tm\right)\left(do.\sqrt{x}+1\ge1>0\right)\)

+ Với \(x+\sqrt{x}+1=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)=\dfrac{5}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=\dfrac{5}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\\\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{2}=-\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}-1}{2}\\\sqrt{x}=-\dfrac{\sqrt{5}+1}{2}\left(VLý\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3-\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(tm\right)\)

Vậy \(S=\left\{1;\dfrac{3-\sqrt{5}}{2}\right\}\)

a: Ta có: \(N=\dfrac{x^2-\sqrt{x}}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}-\dfrac{2x+\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{2\left(x-1\right)}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

\(=x-\sqrt{x}-2\sqrt{x}-1+2\sqrt{x}+2\)

\(=x-\sqrt{x}+1\)

a) Ta có: \(M=\left(1-\dfrac{x-3\sqrt{x}}{x-9}\right):\left(\dfrac{9-x}{x+\sqrt{x}-6}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-3}{2-\sqrt{x}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}+3}\right)\)

\(=\left(1-\dfrac{x-3\sqrt{x}}{x-9}\right):\left(\dfrac{9-x}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}+\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}-\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\right)\)

\(=\left(1-\dfrac{x-3\sqrt{x}}{x-9}\right):\left(\dfrac{9-x+x-9}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}-\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\right)\)

\(=\left(1-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\right):\dfrac{-\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+3-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+3}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+3}{-\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{-3}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)

3:

a: ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>=0\\x< >9\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(M=\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-3}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}+3}\right):\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+3-\sqrt{x}+3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-3}{3}\)

\(=\dfrac{6}{3\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)

b: M>1/3

=>M-1/3>0

=>\(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+3}-\dfrac{1}{3}>0\)

=>\(\dfrac{6-\sqrt{x}-3}{3\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}>0\)

=>\(3-\sqrt{x}>0\)

=>\(\sqrt{x}< 3\)

=>0<=x<9

c: \(\sqrt{x}+3>=3\) với mọi x thỏa mãn ĐKXĐ

=>\(M=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+3}< =\dfrac{2}{3}\) với mọi x thỏa mãn ĐKXĐ

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=0

a) ĐKXĐ: \(x>0,x\ne1\)

\(M=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\right).\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}.\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\)

\(=\dfrac{-4\sqrt{x}}{x-1}.\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}=-\dfrac{4}{x-1}\)

b) \(M=\dfrac{x}{-3}\Rightarrow\dfrac{-4}{x-1}=\dfrac{x}{-3}\Rightarrow x^2-x=12\Rightarrow x^2-x-12=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-4\right)\left(x+3\right)=0\) mà \(x>0\Rightarrow x=4\) (thỏa)