\(A=x^2-4x+1\)
\(A=x^2-4x+4-3\)
\(A=\left(x-2\right)^2-3\)
Min A = -3
Min A xảy ra khi (x-2)²=0
                           x-2=0
                           x=2
 

A đến C là tìm GTNN

\(A=x^2-4x+1=\left(x-2\right)^2-3\ge-3\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra ⇔ x=2

\(B=2x^2-x+1=2\left(x^2-2.\dfrac{1}{4}x+\dfrac{1}{16}\right)+\dfrac{7}{8}=2\left(x-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{7}{8}\ge\dfrac{7}{8}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

\(C=x^2-x+1=\left(x^2-2.\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

D đến F là tìm GTLN

\(E=-x^2+2x-2=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-1=-\left(x-1\right)^2-1\le-1\)

Do (x-1)²≥0 ⇔-(x-1)²≤0 ⇔ D≤-1

Dấu "=" xảy ra ⇔ x=1

\(D=-x^2+x-3=-\left(x^2-2.\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)-\dfrac{11}{4}=-\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{11}{4}\le-\dfrac{11}{4}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(F=-3x^2+x-2=-3\left(x^2-2.\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{36}\right)-\dfrac{23}{12}=-3\left(x-\dfrac{1}{6}\right)-\dfrac{23}{12}\le-\dfrac{23}{12}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{6}\)

\(A=x^2-4x+1=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-3=\left(x-2\right)^2-3\ge-3\)

Vậy \(A_{Min}=-3khix=2\)

\(A=x^2-6x+10\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot3+3^2-9+10\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(x-3\right)^2+1\ge1\)     \(\forall x\in z\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A_{min}=1khix=3\)

\(B=3x^2-12x+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow B=\left(\sqrt{3}x\right)^2-2\cdot\sqrt{3}x\cdot2\sqrt{3}+\left(2\sqrt{3}\right)^2-12+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow B=\left(\sqrt{3}x-2\sqrt{3}\right)^2-11\ge-11\)    \(\forall x\in z\)

\(\Leftrightarrow B_{min}=-11khix=2\)

\(A=\left(2x-1\right)^2+9\ge9\\ A_{min}=9\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\ B=2\left(x^2-2\cdot\dfrac{3}{4}x+\dfrac{9}{16}\right)+\dfrac{1}{8}=2\left(x-\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{8}\ge\dfrac{1}{8}\\ B_{min}=\dfrac{1}{8}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{4}\\ C=\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)+2\left(2x+y\right)+1+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)-4\\ C=\left[\left(2x+y\right)^2+2\left(2x+y\right)+1\right]+\left(y+2\right)^2-4\\ C=\left(2x+y+1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2-4\ge-4\\ C_{min}=-4\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=-1-y\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(D=\left(3x-1-2x\right)^2=\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\\ D_{min}=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\\ G=\left(9x^2+6xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)+1\\ G=\left(3x+y\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+1\ge1\\ G_{min}=1\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x=-y\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(H=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+\left(2y^2+4y+2\right)+2\\ H=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2+2\left(y+1\right)^2+2\ge2\\ H_{min}=2\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x=-1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=-1\)

Ta luôn có \(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2xz\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+xz\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2xz\ge3xy+3yz+3xz\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3^2}{3}\ge xy+yz+xz\\ \Leftrightarrow K\le3\\ K_{max}=3\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)

Bài 1:

a: A=x^2-6x+10

=x^2-6x+9+1

=(x-3)^2+1>=1

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=3

b: \(B=3x^2-12x+1\)

=3(x^2-4x+1/3)

=3(x^2-4x+4-11/3)

=3(x-2)^2-11>=-11

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=2

Bài 5:

a) \(A=x^2-4x+9=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+5=\left(x-2\right)^2+5\ge5\)

\(minA=5\Leftrightarrow x=2\)

b) \(B=x^2-x+1=\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)

\(minB=\dfrac{3}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

c) \(C=2x^2-6x=2\left(x^2-3x+\dfrac{9}{4}\right)-\dfrac{9}{2}=2\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{9}{2}\ge-\dfrac{9}{2}\)

\(minC=-\dfrac{9}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Bài 4:

a) \(M=4x-x^2+3=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+7=-\left(x-2\right)^2+7\le7\)

\(maxM=7\Leftrightarrow x=2\)

b) \(N=x-x^2=-\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}=-\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)

\(maxN=\dfrac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

c) \(P=2x-2x^2-5=-2\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)-\dfrac{9}{2}=-2\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{9}{2}\le-\dfrac{9}{2}\)

\(maxP=-\dfrac{9}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)