bài 1: rewirite the senence use the word in braket 1. there are asthma, allergies and other sespiratory sllnesses whenthe air pollution happens (leads to) 2. a quatic life suffers or dies because there is thermal pollution (because of ) 3. people use too much herbicide to trecit weeds , so water in rivers, canale, lakes are extremely polluted and has bad effects people's health ( because ) 4. many fish in the river die due to the in creased temperature of water ( because ) 5. because plastic bags take long to decompose , nearly allgthem still exist is the environment today ( so ) 6. we are unable to see the stars in the sky . light pollution occurs ( makes )

Rewrite the sentences,using the words in brackets.You can make some changes:

1.There are asthma,allergics and other respiratory illnesses when air pollution happens(lead to)

->

2.Aquati life suffers or dies because there is thermal pollution(because of)

->

3.Water in Cau River becomes brown and has terrible smell because the waste water is released from the paper mill in Thai Nguyen city(so)

->

4.People use too much herbicide to treat weeds,so water in rivers,canals,lakes are extrmely polluted and has bad effects on people's health(because)

->

5.Many fish in the river die due to the increased temperature of water(because)

->

6.Because plastic bags take so long to decompose,nearly all of them still exist in the environment today(so)

->

combine these sentences,using the words in brackets

1 plastic bags take so long to decompose. Nearly all of them still exist in the environment today (so)

=>

2 the noise from the music club is loud. The residents of the stress cannot sleep (because of)

=>

3 aquatic life suffers or dies. Ther is thermal pollution (because of)

=>

4 it rained heavily .The road in front of my house was flooded (due to)

=>

5 noise pollutin is one of major cause of stress and anxiety.People suffer from stress and anxiety (due to)

=>

6 global warming happens.There is too much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere (causes)

=>

7 air pollution happens.There are asthma,allergiens and other respiratory illnesses (leads to)

=>

8 light pollution occurs .We are unable to see the stars in the sky (makes)

=>

9 the tsunami happened.Many people in this area became homeless(made)

=>

10 contamination in the air happens .There is acid rain which damages soild,vegetation and aquatic life of the region (results in)

=>

11 the food is contaminated.People's health is poor (results in)

=>

1. The temperature of water increases. Many fish in the river die ( since)

2. People use too much herbicide to treat weeds. Water in rivers and canals are extremely polluted and has bad effects on people's health( Because)

3. Water in the Cau River becomes brown and has terrible smell. The waste is realeased from the paper mill in Thai Nguyen city

4. Plastic bags take so long to decompose. Nearly all of them still exist in the environment today

5. The noise from the music club is loud. The residents of the street cannot sleep( because of)

6. Aquatic life suffers or dies. There is thermal pollution( because of)

7. It rained heavily. The road in front of my house was flooded( due to)

8. Noise pollution is one of the major of stress and anxiety. People suffer from stress and anxiety( due to)

9. Global warming happens. There is too much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere( causes)

10. Light pollurion occurs. We are unable to see the stars in the sky( makes)

11. Air pollution happens. There are asthma, allergies and other respiratory illnesses

12. The tsunami happened. Many people in this area became homeless( made)

13. Contamination in the air happens. There is acid rain which damages soil, vegetation and aquatic life of the region( results in)

14. The food is contaminated. Pople's health is poor( results in)

Choose the correct word by underlining it at each number in the following paragraph, then answer the questions

A plastic problem

Nowadays,people use a lot of plastic bags and they often (1)throw/away the bags afterwards. They don't often (2)pollute/reuse or (3) waste/recycle them. When we (4) destroy/reuse plastic, we pollute the lands or air. It isn't a good idea to (5) burn/poison plastic because it (6)poisons/saves the atmosphere. The alternative is to (7)bury/pollute it, but some plastic doesn't decompose for over a thousand years.

Question:

8. Do you throw away or reuse plastic bags?

9. What do you and your school do with rubbish?

10. What things are harmful to the environment in your area?

Rewrite the sentences, using the words in brackets.

1. The noise from the music club is loud, so the residents of the street cannot sleep. (because of)

__________________________________________________

2. Vy had a stomachache because she ate a big dinner. (since)

__________________________________________________

3. Because it rained heavily, the road in front of my house was flooded. (due to)

__________________________________________________

4. His room is untidy, so his mother is unhappy. (because)

__________________________________________________

5. Global warming happens when there is too much carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. (causes)

__________________________________________________

6. Noise pollution happens. There is a change in animals living pattern. (causes)

__________________________________________________

7. Radioactive pollution is very dangerous. It can cause abnormal growth. (since)

__________________________________________________

8. The area is uninhabirable. The Chernobyl nuclear accident happened. (made)

__________________________________________________

9. Fossil fuels such as coal or oil are burned. Acid gases are produced. (so)

__________________________________________________

10. Acid rain is dangerous. Tree'leaves are damaged. (because of)

__________________________________________________

11. Leaves are damaged. The tree cannot get enough food energy to stay healthy. (because)

__________________________________________________

12. There are asthma, allergies and other respiratory illness when air pollution happens. (lead to)

__________________________________________________

13. Aquatic life suffers of dies because there is thermal pollution. (because of)

__________________________________________________

14. Water in the Cau River becomes brown and has terrible smell because the waste water is released from the paper mill in Thai Nguyen City. (so)

__________________________________________________

15. People use too much herbicide to treat weeds, so water in rivers, canals, lakes are axtremely polluted and has bad effects on people's health. (because)

__________________________________________________

16. Many fish in the river die due to the increased temperature of water. (because)

__________________________________________________

17. Because plastic bags take so long to decompose, nearly all of them still exist in the environment today. (so)

__________________________________________________

18. We are unable to see the stars in the sky. Light pollution occurs. (make)

__________________________________________________

19. Glass panels, windows, lawns and roofs make light pollution worse. They reflect both artificial and sun light. (because)

__________________________________________________

20. All sounds are not noise. Noise is any sound that is unwanted and goes beyond its certain limit, for example, above 80 decibels. (because)

__________________________________________________

21. More and more noise is created by modern civilization. It has now become a major environmental pollutant, especially in urban areas. (so)

__________________________________________________

22. Contamination in the air happens. There is acid rain which damages soil, vegetation and aquatic life of the region. (cause)

__________________________________________________

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 35.

Plastic bags are used by everybody. From a vegetable vendor to a designer store, everyone seems to use them. Even though they are one of the modern conveniences that we seem to be unable to do without, they are responsible for causing pollution, killing wildlife, and using up the

precious resources of the Earth. But, most of us are blissfully unaware of the repercussions that are occurring and will take place in the future because of the plastic bags.

Every once in a while, the government passes out an order banning store owners from providing plastic bags to customers for carrying their purchases, with little lasting effect. Plastic bags are very popular with both retailers as well as consumers because they are cheap, strong, lightweight, functional, as well as a hygienic means of carrying food as well as other goods. About a hundred billion plastic bags are used every year in the U.S. alone. And then, when one considers the huge economies and populations of India, China, Europe, and other parts of the world, the numbers can be staggering. The problem is further exacerbated by the developed countries shipping off their plastic waste to developing countries like India.

Once they are used, most bags go into landfills. Each year, more and more bags are ending up littering the environment. Once they become litter, plastic bags find their way into our waterways, parks, beaches, and streets. And, if they are burned, they infuse the air with toxic fumes. About 100,000 animals, such as dolphins, turtles, whales, penguins are killed every year due to these bags. Many animals ingest plastic bags, mistaking them for food, and therefore, die. And worse, the ingested plastic bag remains intact even after the death and decomposition of the animal. Thus, it lies around in the landscape where another victim may ingest it. One of the worst environmental effects is that they are non-biodegradable. The decomposition takes about 400 years. No one will live so long to witness the decomposition of plastic! Thus, save the environment for the future generations as well as animals.

Petroleum products are diminishing and getting more expensive by the day, since we have used this non-renewable resource increasingly. And to make plastic, about 60-100 million barrels of oil are needed every year around the world. Surely, this precious resource should not be wasted on producing plastic bags, should it? Petroleum is vital for our modern way of life. It is necessary for our energy requirements - for our factories, transportation, heating, lighting, and so on. Without viable alternative sources of energy yet on the horizon, if the supply of petroleum were to be turned off, it would lead to practically the entire world grinding to a halt.

So, what can be done? A tote bag can make a good substitute for carrying groceries and the shopping. You can keep the bag with the cashier, and then put your purchases into it instead of the usual plastic bag. Recycling the bags you already have is another good idea. These can come into use for various purposes, like holding your garbage, instead of purchasing new ones. While governments may be working out ways to lessen the impact of plastic bags on the environment; however, each of us should shoulder some of the responsibility for this problem, which ultimately harms us. Plastics are not only non-biodegradable, but are one of the major pollutants of the sea. For a clean and green environment, try to use alternatives to plastic whenever and wherever possible. Cut down your use of plastic, and do your bit to save our planet.

Question 31: The following are the negative effects of plastic bags on the environment, EXCEPT _________.

A. They make water, soil and air polluted.

B. Marine animals may die because of eating plastic bags.

C. It takes plastic bags a very long time to be biodegraded.

D. People do not live long enough to check whether plastic bags are decomposed or not.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 35.

Plastic bags are used by everybody. From a vegetable vendor to a designer store, everyone seems to use them. Even though they are one of the modern conveniences that we seem to be unable to do without, they are responsible for causing pollution, killing wildlife, and using up the

precious resources of the Earth. But, most of us are blissfully unaware of the repercussions that are occurring and will take place in the future because of the plastic bags.

Every once in a while, the government passes out an order banning store owners from providing plastic bags to customers for carrying their purchases, with little lasting effect. Plastic bags are very popular with both retailers as well as consumers because they are cheap, strong, lightweight, functional, as well as a hygienic means of carrying food as well as other goods. About a hundred billion plastic bags are used every year in the U.S. alone. And then, when one considers the huge economies and populations of India, China, Europe, and other parts of the world, the numbers can be staggering. The problem is further exacerbated by the developed countries shipping off their plastic waste to developing countries like India.

Once they are used, most bags go into landfills. Each year, more and more bags are ending up littering the environment. Once they become litter, plastic bags find their way into our waterways, parks, beaches, and streets. And, if they are burned, they infuse the air with toxic fumes. About 100,000 animals, such as dolphins, turtles, whales, penguins are killed every year due to these bags. Many animals ingest plastic bags, mistaking them for food, and therefore, die. And worse, the ingested plastic bag remains intact even after the death and decomposition of the animal. Thus, it lies around in the landscape where another victim may ingest it. One of the worst environmental effects is that they are non-biodegradable. The decomposition takes about 400 years. No one will live so long to witness the decomposition of plastic! Thus, save the environment for the future generations as well as animals.

Petroleum products are diminishing and getting more expensive by the day, since we have used this non-renewable resource increasingly. And to make plastic, about 60-100 million barrels of oil are needed every year around the world. Surely, this precious resource should not be wasted on producing plastic bags, should it? Petroleum is vital for our modern way of life. It is necessary for our energy requirements - for our factories, transportation, heating, lighting, and so on. Without viable alternative sources of energy yet on the horizon, if the supply of petroleum were to be turned off, it would lead to practically the entire world grinding to a halt.

So, what can be done? A tote bag can make a good substitute for carrying groceries and the shopping. You can keep the bag with the cashier, and then put your purchases into it instead of the usual plastic bag. Recycling the bags you already have is another good idea. These can come into use for various purposes, like holding your garbage, instead of purchasing new ones. While governments may be working out ways to lessen the impact of plastic bags on the environment; however, each of us should shoulder some of the responsibility for this problem, which ultimately harms us. Plastics are not only non-biodegradable, but are one of the major pollutants of the sea. For a clean and green environment, try to use alternatives to plastic whenever and wherever possible. Cut down your use of plastic, and do your bit to save our planet.

Question 32: The word "intact" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ________.

A. undamaged

B. broken

C. harmful

D. dangerous

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 35.

Plastic bags are used by everybody. From a vegetable vendor to a designer store, everyone seems to use them. Even though they are one of the modern conveniences that we seem to be unable to do without, they are responsible for causing pollution, killing wildlife, and using up the

precious resources of the Earth. But, most of us are blissfully unaware of the repercussions that are occurring and will take place in the future because of the plastic bags.

Every once in a while, the government passes out an order banning store owners from providing plastic bags to customers for carrying their purchases, with little lasting effect. Plastic bags are very popular with both retailers as well as consumers because they are cheap, strong, lightweight, functional, as well as a hygienic means of carrying food as well as other goods. About a hundred billion plastic bags are used every year in the U.S. alone. And then, when one considers the huge economies and populations of India, China, Europe, and other parts of the world, the numbers can be staggering. The problem is further exacerbated by the developed countries shipping off their plastic waste to developing countries like India.

Once they are used, most bags go into landfills. Each year, more and more bags are ending up littering the environment. Once they become litter, plastic bags find their way into our waterways, parks, beaches, and streets. And, if they are burned, they infuse the air with toxic fumes. About 100,000 animals, such as dolphins, turtles, whales, penguins are killed every year due to these bags. Many animals ingest plastic bags, mistaking them for food, and therefore, die. And worse, the ingested plastic bag remains intact even after the death and decomposition of the animal. Thus, it lies around in the landscape where another victim may ingest it. One of the worst environmental effects is that they are non-biodegradable. The decomposition takes about 400 years. No one will live so long to witness the decomposition of plastic! Thus, save the environment for the future generations as well as animals.

Petroleum products are diminishing and getting more expensive by the day, since we have used this non-renewable resource increasingly. And to make plastic, about 60-100 million barrels of oil are needed every year around the world. Surely, this precious resource should not be wasted on producing plastic bags, should it? Petroleum is vital for our modern way of life. It is necessary for our energy requirements - for our factories, transportation, heating, lighting, and so on. Without viable alternative sources of energy yet on the horizon, if the supply of petroleum were to be turned off, it would lead to practically the entire world grinding to a halt.

So, what can be done? A tote bag can make a good substitute for carrying groceries and the shopping. You can keep the bag with the cashier, and then put your purchases into it instead of the usual plastic bag. Recycling the bags you already have is another good idea. These can come into use for various purposes, like holding your garbage, instead of purchasing new ones. While governments may be working out ways to lessen the impact of plastic bags on the environment; however, each of us should shoulder some of the responsibility for this problem, which ultimately harms us. Plastics are not only non-biodegradable, but are one of the major pollutants of the sea. For a clean and green environment, try to use alternatives to plastic whenever and wherever possible. Cut down your use of plastic, and do your bit to save our planet.

Question 30: According to the second paragraph, what is NOT true about the reality of plastic bags?

A. The more population a country has, the more complicated the plastic pollution is.

B. Plastic bags are often used because of their convenience.

C. Importing plastic waste from developed countries makes the problem more sophisticated.

D. The governments do not prohibit the use of plastic bags at the stores.